Science Journal of Clinical Medicine

| Peer-Reviewed |

The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa

Received:     Accepted:     Published: 10 January 2013
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Periodontal disease, which attacks the gums and supporting structures of the tooth, is one of the major causes of tooth loss in adults. Few studies on general well-being have compared the differences in oral health between men and women with studies from Europe and USA reporting that there are more edentulous women than men.Among the many factors contributing to tooth loss are poverty, availability and accessibility to dental and other health care as well as cultural traditions. This study examined a population living in a high fluoride area near Cape Town. This isolated community has until recently been unexposed to the diets and habits of the western world and have inter-married for decades. The results of this study indicated that although women had better oral hygiene habits than men, tooth loss was associated with age rather than gender.

DOI 10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12
Published in Science Journal of Clinical Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2013)
Page(s) 8-13
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tooth Loss, Gender Differences, Oral Health, Periodontal Disease

References
[1] Esan TA, Olusile AO, Akeredolu PA, Esan AO.Socio-demographic factors and edentulism: the Nigerian experience. BMC Oral Health. 4: 3 .2004.
[2] Shigli, K. , Hebbal, M. Angadi,, G. S. Relative contribution of caries and periodontal disease in adult tooth loss among patients reporting to the Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, India.Gerontology 26(3): 214-218. 2009.
[3] Wang, Q. T. , Wu, Z. F. et al. "Epidemiology and preventive direction of periodontology in China." Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 34(11): 946-951.2007.
[4] Musacchio, E. , Perissinotto, E. , Binotto, P. , Sartori, L. , Silva-Netto, F. , Zambon, S. , Manzato, E. , Corti, M. C. , Baggio, G. , Crepaldi, G. Tooth loss in the elderly and its association with nutritional status, socio-economic and life-style factors.Acta Odontology Scandinavia 65(2): 78-86. 2007.
[5] Eickholz, P. , Kaltschmitt, J. , Berbig, J. , Reitmeir, P. , Pretzl, B. Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 1: patient-related factors for risk, prognosis, and quality of outcome. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 35(2): 165-74. 2008.
[6] Reddy, J. , Van Wyk, C. W. , Groble, r S. Epidemiology of dental caries and periodontal disease in a low and high fluo-ride area in South West Cape.Journal of the Dental Asso-ciation of South Africa. 34: 703-705.1979.
[7] Savage, K. O., Ayanbadejo, P. O. Pattern of tooth mobility and missing teeth types among juvenile periodontitis patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital Dental Cen-tre.Odontostomatol Trop 30(117); 11-5. 2007.
[8] Bahrami, G. , M. Vaeth, et al. "Marginal bone loss over 5 years in an adult Danish population."Oral Health Preventa-tive Dentistry 5(2): 113-118.2007.
[9] Airila-Mansson, S. , Bjurshammar, N, Yakob, M., Soder, B. Self-reported oral problems, compared with clinical as-sessment in an epidemiological study. International Journal Dental Hygiene. 5(2): 82-6. 2007.
[10] Haerian-Ardakani, A. , Moeintaghavi, A. et al. "The asso-ciation between current low-dose oral contraceptive pills and periodontal health: a matched-case-control study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 11(3): 033-040.2010.
[11] Shah, N. Gender issues and oral health inelderly Indi-ans.International DentalJournal. 53(6): 475-484.2003.
[12] Nalcaci, R, Erdemir, E. O.Baran, I. Evaluation of the oral health status of the people aged 65 years and over living in near rural district of Middle Anatolia, Turkey.Archives of-GerontologyGeriatric. 45(1):55-64. Jul-Aug. 2007.
[13] Cheng, R. B. , Zhang, Y. , Cheng, M. , Li, Y. , Liu, L. A sampled investigation on tooth loss of middle-aged and elders in Northeast China. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 18(1):29-34.Feb. 2009.
[14] Ansai, T. Takata, Y. Soh, I. , Awano, S. Yoshida, A.Sonoki, K. Hamasaki, T. , Torisu, T. , Sogame, A. , Shimada, N. , Takehara, T. Relationship between tooth loss and mortality in 80-year-old Japanese community-dwelling subjects.BMC Public Health. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-386.2010.
[15] Simunkovic, S. K. , Boras, V. V. , Panduric, J. , Zilic, A. Oral health among institutionalised elderly in Zagreb, Croatia.Gerontology. 22: 238-241. 2005.
[16] Suominen-Taipale, A. L. , Alanen, P. , Helenius, H. , Nord-blad, A. , Uutla, A. Edentulism among Finish.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 27: 353-365.1999.
[17] Kawamoto, A. , Sugano, N. , Motohashi, M. , Matsumoto, S. , Ito, K. Relationship between oral malodor and the menstrual cycle. Journal of Periodontal Research. 45(5):681-7.Oct. 2010.
[18] Beck JD, Pankow J, Tyroler HA et al. Periodontitis: A risk factor for coronary heart disease? Annals of Periodontology 3(1): 127-141. 1998.
[19] Beck JD, Elter JR, Heiss G et al. Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. 21(11): 1816-1822.2001.
[20] Grau AJ, Buggle F, Ziedler C et al. Association between acute and cerebrovascular ischemia and chronic and recurrent infection. Stroke 28: 1721-1729. 1997.
[21] Grossi SG and Genco RJ. Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: A two-way relationship.Annals of Periodontology 3(1): 51-61. 1998.
[22] Jeffcoat, M. K, Geurs, N. C. , Reddy, M. S. , Goldenberg, R.I., Hauth, J.C. Current evidence regarding periodontal disease as a risk factor in preterm birth.Annalsof Periodon-tology 6(1): 183-188.2001.
[23] Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G, Collins J et al.Periodontal infectionas a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight.Journal of Periodontology. 67: 1103-1113. 1996.
[24] Africa, C. W. , Parker, J. R. , and Reddy, J. Bacteriological studies of subgingival plaque in a periodontitis-resistant population. I. Darkfield microscopic studies.Journal of Periodontal Research, 20: 1-7.1985.
[25] Reddy, J. , Parker, J. R. , Africa, C. W. , Stephen, L. X. Prevalence and severity of periodontitis in a high fluoride area in South Africa. Community Dentistry and Oral Epi-demiology. 13(2): 108-12. 1985.
[26] Silness, P. and Löe, H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condi-tions.Acta Odontology Scandinavia.22: 121-124. 1964.
[27] Löe, H. and Silness, J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. Prevalence and severity.Acta Odontol Scandinavia 21: 551-553.1963.
[28] OMullane, D. , Whelton, H., Galvin, N.Health services and Womens oral health. Journal of Dental Education. 57: 749-752. 1993.
[29] Eli I, Bar-Tal Y, Kostovetzki I.At first glance: social mean-ings of dental appearance. Journal of Public Health Den-tistry. 61(3):150-154.2001.
[30] Hyde S, Satariano W, Weintrub J. Welfare dental interven-tion improves employment and quality of life.Journal of-Dental Research. 85(1):79-84. 2006.
[31] Glied S and Neidell M.The economic value of teeth. Journal of Hum an Resources 45(2):468-496. 2010.
[32] Holmgren, C. J. , Corbet, E. F. , Lim, L P. ,Periodontal conditions among middle-aged and the elderly in Hong Kong.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 22(5): 396-402. 1994.
[33] Steele, J. G. , Walls, A. W. , Ayatollahi, S. M. , Murray, J. J. Major clinical findings from a dental survey of elderly people in three different English communities.British Dental Journal. 180 (1): 17-23. 1996.
[34] Sanya, B. O. , Nganga, P. M. , Nganga, R. N. Causes and pattern of missing permanent teeth among Kenyans.East African Medical Journal. 81(6): 322-325.2004.
[35] Angelillo IF, Nobile CG, Pavia M, DeFazio P, Puca M, Amati A.Dental health and treatment needs in institutional-ised psychiatric patients in Italy.Community Dentistry an-dOral Epidemiology 23(6): 360-364. 1995.
[36] McCaul, L. K , Jenkins, W. M. , Kay, E. J. ,The reasons for extraction of permanent teeth in Scotland: a 15-year follow-up study.British Dental Journal 190 (12): 658-662. 2001.
[37] Mack, F. , Mojon, P. , Budtz-Jorgensen, E. , Kocher, T. , Splieth, C. , Schwahn, C. , Bernhardt, O. et al. Caries and periodontal disease of the elderly in Pomerania, Germany: results of the study of Health in Pomerania.Gerontology. 21: 27-36. 2004.
[38] Ragnarsson, E. , Eliasson, S. T. , Olafsson, S. H. Tobacco smoking, a factor in tooth loss in Reykjvik, Ice-land.Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research. 100(6): 322-326. 1992.
[39] Norlen, P. , Johansson, I. , Birkhed, D.Impact of medical and lifestyle factors on number of teeth in 68-year-old men in Southern Sweden.Acta Odontology Scandinavia. 54(1): 66-74. 1996.
[40] Xie, Q. , Ainamo, A. Association of edentulousness with systemic factors in elderly people living at home. Commu-nity Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 27(3): 202-209. 1999.
[41] Hede B.Determinants of oral health in a group of Danish alcoholics. European Journal of Oral Science. 104(4): 403-408. 1996.
[42] Hu, C. Z, Huang, C. R, Rong, S. , Zhang, W. , Wu, J. , Pilot, T.Periodontal conditions in elderly people of Shanghai, Peoples Republic of China in 1986.Community Dental-Health 7(1): 69-71. 1990.
[43] Aleksejuniene J, Holst D, Eriksen M.Patterns of dental caries and treatment experience in elderly Lithuani-ans.Gerontology 17(2): 77-86. 2000.
[44] Shimazaki, Y. , Soh, I. , Saito, T. , Yamashita, Y. , Koga, T. , Miyazaki, H. , Takehara, T.Influence of dentition status on physical disability, mental impairment, and mortality in in-stitutionalised elderly people.Journal of Dental Research. 80(12): 2042. 2001.
[45] Hiidenkari T, Parvinen T, Helenius H. Edentulousness and its rehabilitation over a 10-year period in a Finish urban area.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 25(5): 367-370. 1997.
[46] Sadig, W. M. , Idowu, A. T. Removable partial denture design: a study of a selected population in Saudia Ara-bia.Contemporary Dental Practice 3(4): 40-53. 2002.
[47] Kalsbeek, H. , Truin, G. J. , Burgersdijk, R., vant Hof, M. Tooth loss and dental caries in Dutch adults.Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 19(4): 201-204. 1991.
[48] Weintraub, J. A. and Burt, B. A. Oral health status in the United States, tooth loss and edentulism.Journal of Dental Education 49(6): 368-378. 1985.
Author Information
  • Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape,Cape Town, South Africa

  • Director, International Leadership Institute, United Nations University, Jordan

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Charlene W. J. Africa, Jairam Reddy. (2013). The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2(1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Charlene W. J. Africa; Jairam Reddy. The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa. Sci. J. Clin. Med. 2013, 2(1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Charlene W. J. Africa, Jairam Reddy. The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa. Sci J Clin Med. 2013;2(1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12,
      author = {Charlene W. J. Africa and Jairam Reddy},
      title = {The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa},
      journal = {Science Journal of Clinical Medicine},
      volume = {2},
      number = {1},
      pages = {8-13},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjcm.20130201.12},
      abstract = {Periodontal disease, which attacks the gums and supporting structures of the tooth, is one of the major causes of tooth loss in adults. Few studies on general well-being have compared the differences in oral health between men and women with studies from Europe and USA reporting that there are more edentulous women than men.Among the many factors contributing to tooth loss are poverty, availability and accessibility to dental and other health care as well as cultural traditions. This study examined a population living in a high fluoride area near Cape Town. This isolated community has until recently been unexposed to the diets and habits of the western world and have inter-married for decades. The results of this study indicated that although women had better oral hygiene habits than men, tooth loss was associated with age rather than gender.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Association between Gender and Tooth Loss in A Small Rural Population of South Africa
    AU  - Charlene W. J. Africa
    AU  - Jairam Reddy
    Y1  - 2013/01/10
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12
    T2  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
    JF  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
    JO  - Science Journal of Clinical Medicine
    SP  - 8
    EP  - 13
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2732
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20130201.12
    AB  - Periodontal disease, which attacks the gums and supporting structures of the tooth, is one of the major causes of tooth loss in adults. Few studies on general well-being have compared the differences in oral health between men and women with studies from Europe and USA reporting that there are more edentulous women than men.Among the many factors contributing to tooth loss are poverty, availability and accessibility to dental and other health care as well as cultural traditions. This study examined a population living in a high fluoride area near Cape Town. This isolated community has until recently been unexposed to the diets and habits of the western world and have inter-married for decades. The results of this study indicated that although women had better oral hygiene habits than men, tooth loss was associated with age rather than gender.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections