International Journal of Medical Imaging

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The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies

Received: 25 October 2019    Accepted: 20 November 2019    Published: 26 November 2019
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Abstract

The amazing tecnology of 3D imaging enables the examination of the fetal central nervous system simultaneously in the three orthogonal planes, better defining the spatial relationship of CNS structures and malformations. The multiplanar mode is utilized to navigate through the volume, observing information on a particular structure in each of the three symmetrical planes. The aim of this stuyd is to evaluate the role of 3D/4D ultrasound in assessment of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. This is prospective study including thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. 42 anomalies were detected from examination of thirty pregnant females. In addition, a higher incidence of face and neck anomalies over CNS anomalies was noted. (57.2% versus 42.8%). We concluded that 2D US remains the gold standard in assessment of fetal anomalies and 3D/4D US, along these lines, isn't a screening system however an aide to 2D US for those embryos in whom anomalies are as of now decided or associated on the premise with standard sonography.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11
Published in International Journal of Medical Imaging (Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019)
Page(s) 81-90
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

3D and 4D Ultrasound, Congenital Anomalies, Head and Neck

References
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[2] Alves C, Júnior E, Nardozza L, et al. Reference ranges for fetal brain fissure development on 3-dimensional sonography in the multiplanar mode. J Ultrasound Med. 2013; 32: 269–77.
[3] Azumendi G, Kurjak A and Gabriel C. 3D sonography in the study of the fetal face. In: Kurjak A, ed. The Fetus in Three Dimensions Imaging, Embryology and Fetoscopy. United Kingdom: Informa UK Ltd, 2007: 181-214.
[4] Baba K, Okai T, Kozuma S and Taketani Y. Fetal abnormalities: evaluation with real-time-processible three-dimensional US-- preliminary report. Radiology 1999; 211: 441-6.
[5] Baba K. Development of 3D ultrasound. In: Kurjek A, ed. Donald School Textbook in Ultrasound of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 3rd ed. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers, 2011: 10-25.
[6] Chaoui R and Heling KS: Three-dimensional ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 18 (2) 192-202.
[7] ISUOG Practice Guidelines. performance of first-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013; 41: 102–13.
[8] Ji EK, Pretorius DH, Newton R, et al.: Effects of ultrasound on maternal-fetal bonding: comparison of two- and three-dimensional imaging of obstetric-gynecol. 2005; 25 (5): 473-77
[9] Johnson DD, Pretorius DH, Budorick NE, et al. Fetal lip and primary palate: three-dimensional versus two-dimensional US. Radiology 2000; 217: 236-9.
[10] Timor-Tritsch IE and Platt LD. Three-dimensional ultrasound experience in obstetrics. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2002; 14: 569-75.
[11] Scharf A, Ghazwiny MF, Steinborn A, Baier P and Sohn C. Evaluation of two dimensional versus three-dimensional ultrasound in obstetric diagnostics a prospective study. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2001; 16: 333-41.
[12] EL-Mowafi DM. Is three-dimensional ultrasound adding new for detection of congenital anomalies, Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published March 24, 2016.
[13] Dyson RL, Pretorius DH, Budorick NE, et al. Three-dimensional ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000; 16: 321-8.
[14] To WW. Prenatal diagnosis and assessment of facial clefts: where are we now? Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18: 146-52.
[15] Chan LW, Ting YH, Lao TT, et al. The use of three-dimensional ultrasound does not improve training in fetal biometric measurements. J Maternal Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011; 24: 1173-5.
[16] Lam YYK and TO WWK. Evaluation of the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound assessment of facial clefts. Hong Kong J Gynaecol Obstet Midwifery 2015; 15 (1): 46-52.
[17] Kim MS. Fetal central nervous system. In: Hata T, ed. Current Topics on 3D/4D Fetal Ultrasound. Dubai, UAE. Bentham Science Publishers; 2012.
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Author Information
  • Radiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

  • Radiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

  • Radiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

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  • APA Style

    Mohamed Salah Elfeshawy, Wafik Ebrahim Aly, Mahmoud Abouzeid Abouzeid. (2019). The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies. International Journal of Medical Imaging, 7(4), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11

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    ACS Style

    Mohamed Salah Elfeshawy; Wafik Ebrahim Aly; Mahmoud Abouzeid Abouzeid. The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies. Int. J. Med. Imaging 2019, 7(4), 81-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11

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    AMA Style

    Mohamed Salah Elfeshawy, Wafik Ebrahim Aly, Mahmoud Abouzeid Abouzeid. The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies. Int J Med Imaging. 2019;7(4):81-90. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11,
      author = {Mohamed Salah Elfeshawy and Wafik Ebrahim Aly and Mahmoud Abouzeid Abouzeid},
      title = {The Role of 3D & 4D Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Fetal Head and Neck Congenital Anomalies},
      journal = {International Journal of Medical Imaging},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {81-90},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmi.20190704.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmi.20190704.11},
      abstract = {The amazing tecnology of 3D imaging enables the examination of the fetal central nervous system simultaneously in the three orthogonal planes, better defining the spatial relationship of CNS structures and malformations. The multiplanar mode is utilized to navigate through the volume, observing information on a particular structure in each of the three symmetrical planes. The aim of this stuyd is to evaluate the role of 3D/4D ultrasound in assessment of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. This is prospective study including thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. 42 anomalies were detected from examination of thirty pregnant females. In addition, a higher incidence of face and neck anomalies over CNS anomalies was noted. (57.2% versus 42.8%). We concluded that 2D US remains the gold standard in assessment of fetal anomalies and 3D/4D US, along these lines, isn't a screening system however an aide to 2D US for those embryos in whom anomalies are as of now decided or associated on the premise with standard sonography.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    AU  - Mohamed Salah Elfeshawy
    AU  - Wafik Ebrahim Aly
    AU  - Mahmoud Abouzeid Abouzeid
    Y1  - 2019/11/26
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    JF  - International Journal of Medical Imaging
    JO  - International Journal of Medical Imaging
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    AB  - The amazing tecnology of 3D imaging enables the examination of the fetal central nervous system simultaneously in the three orthogonal planes, better defining the spatial relationship of CNS structures and malformations. The multiplanar mode is utilized to navigate through the volume, observing information on a particular structure in each of the three symmetrical planes. The aim of this stuyd is to evaluate the role of 3D/4D ultrasound in assessment of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. This is prospective study including thirty pregnant females during the second trimester of pregnancy with 2D suggestion of fetal head and neck congenital anomalies. 42 anomalies were detected from examination of thirty pregnant females. In addition, a higher incidence of face and neck anomalies over CNS anomalies was noted. (57.2% versus 42.8%). We concluded that 2D US remains the gold standard in assessment of fetal anomalies and 3D/4D US, along these lines, isn't a screening system however an aide to 2D US for those embryos in whom anomalies are as of now decided or associated on the premise with standard sonography.
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