American Journal of Nursing Science

| Peer-Reviewed |

The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Received: 22 December 2016    Accepted: 05 January 2017    Published: 28 January 2017
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Preterm infants are exposed to serious health problems that require advanced highly specialized nursing skills in order to sustain their life. Developmental positioning is one of an essential skill for neonatal intensive care unit nurses. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of developmentally supportive positioning on preterm infants' pain responses at NICU. A Quasi experimental design was used to conduct the study at neonatal intensive care unit on a sample of (56)preterm infants who admitted through nine months and were equally divided randomly into the study and control group after fulfilling the inclusion criteria using demographic characteristics of Preterm infants. Infant Position Assessment Tool (IPAT) and Preterm Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Tool. The results indicated that all the preterm infants (100%) had an unacceptable positioning in both groups, and none of preterm infants in both groups had no- or- minimal pain at baseline assessment. While after one week of intervention about two third (64.3%) of the infants were placed in an acceptable position in the study group and only less than one quarter (21.4%) of the preterm infants in the control group were placed in an acceptable position. Regarding pain response at day seven of intervention five minutes after morning routine care, about half (53.6%) of infants in the study group had no-or-minimal pain while none of infants in the control group had no-or-minimal pain and about one third (32.1%) of infants in the control group had severe pain and none of the infants in the study group had severe pain. The present study concluded that preterm infants who were placed in developmentally supportive positioning had acceptable position and exhibited less pain scores. It is recommended to replicate the present study on a larger sample.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18
Published in American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2017)
Page(s) 63-71
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Infant Position Assessment, Preterm Infant Pain Profile, Developmental Supportive Positioning

References
[1] Symington, A. J., &Pinelli, J. (2006). Developmentalcare for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001814.pub2.
[2] Blencowe, H., Cousens, S., Chou, M and Mollar, A. (2012). National, Regional and Worldwide estimates of pretermbirth. The Lancet, 379(9832), 2162-2172.
[3] Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. (2013). America’s children: Key national indicators of well-being. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
[4] Rick, S. L. (2006). Developmental care on newborn intensive care units nurse’s experiences and neuro-developmental behavioral and parenting outcomes. A critical review of the literature. Journal of Neonatal Nursing,12(2):56-61.
[5] Louw, R., and Maree, C. (2005). The effect of formal exposure to developmental care principles on the implementation of developmental care positioning and handling of preterm infants by neonatal nurses. Health SA Gesondheid, 10(2): 24-32.
[6] Solhaug, M., Bjork, I. and Sandtro, H. (2010): Staff perception of one year after implementation of the newborn individualized developmental care and assessment Program (NIDCAP). Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 25 (2), 89-97.
[7] Jane, A., Chrissie Israel.(2008).Developmental Care – mapping the way forward in the Uk: a BLISS initiative,Journal of Neonatal Nursing. www.neonatal-Nsg.co.Uk/Pdf/inf, 4(3):80-83.
[8] Chimello, gaspardo, Cugler, Martinez and Linhares. (2009).Pain reactivity and recovery in preterm neonates: latency, magnitude, and duration of behavioral responses. Early Human Development; 85(5): 313-8. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.
[9] Linda, M. C. (2011). Assessment of preterm infants readiness to commence breastfeeding, Queenslan University of Technology; (unpublished).
[10] Comaru, T., and Miura, E. (2009). Postural support improves distress and pain during diaper change in preterm infants, Journal of Perinatology, 8(2): 504–507.
[11] Hendricks-Munoz, K. D., Prendergast, C. C., Caprio M, C and Wasserman R. S. (2002). Developmental care: The impact of Wee Care developmental care training onshort-term infant outcome and hospital costs. Newborn Infant Nurs Rev, 2(1): 39-45.
[12] Madlinger-Lewis, L., Reynolds, L., Zarem, C., Crapnell, T., Inder, T., and Pineda, R. (2014). The effects of alternative positioning on preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized control trial. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 490-497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016jj.ridd.2013.11.019.
[13] Stevens, B., and Gibbins, S. (2002). Clinical utility and clinical significance in the assessment and management of pain in vulnerable infants. Clin Perinatol, 29(3): 459–468.
[14] Coughlin, M., Gibbins, S., & Hoath, S. (2009). Core measures for developmentally supportive care in neonatal intensive care units: Theory, precedence and practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(10), 2239-2248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365- 2648.2009.05052. X.
[15] Coughlin, M., Lohman, M. B., and Gibbins, S. (2010). Reliability and effectiveness of an infant positioning assessment tool to standardize developmentally supportive positioning practices in the neonatal intensive care unit. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 10(2), 104-106. http://dx.doi.org/http: //dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.nainr.2010.03.003.
[16] Jeanson, E. (2013). One-to one bedside nurse education as a means to improve positioning consistency. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 13(1): 27-30" http://dx.doi.org.1053/j.nainr
[17] Stevens, B. J., Johnston, C., Petryshen, P., and Taddio, A. (1996). Premature Infant Pain Profile: Development and initial validation. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 12(1), 13-22.
[18] Bellieni, C.V., Cordelli, D.M., Caliani, C., Palazzi, C., Franci, N., Perrone, S.,andBuonocore, G. (2007). Inter-observer reliability of two pain scales for newborns. Early Human Development, 83(8): 549-552.
[19] Coughlin M, Gibbins S, Hoath S. (2014) Core measures for developmentally supportive care in neonatal intensive care units: theory, precedence and practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 65(10), 2239–2248.
[20] Egypt Demographic Profile (2012): Available at www.indexmundi.com/ Egypt. Accessed at 20/8/2013.
[21] Alberman, E. (2008): Low Birth Weight and Prematurity, A Report from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Neonatal Research Network. The Journal of Pediatric 130: 72-76.
[22] Picheansathian, W., Woragidpoonpol, P., and Baosoung, C. (2009). Positioning of preterm infants for optimal physiologic development: A systematic review. Joanna Brigss Institute Library of Systematic Reviews, 7(7): 224-259.
[23] Mohammed, S., Hassan, M., and Mahmoud, F. (2014). The Effect of Developmentally Supportive Care Training Program on Nurses' Performance and Behavioral Responses of Newborn Infants. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(6): 134-144.
[24] Ramya, P., Molly, B., and Sharda, R. (2015). Effect of Nesting on Posture Discomfort and Physiological Parameters of Low Birth Weight Infants, Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 4(1): PP 46-50.
[25] Chen, C. M., Lin, K. H., Su, H. Y., Lin, M. H., and Hsu, C. L. (2014). Improving the positioning and nesting for premature infants by nurses in neonatal intensive care units [Supplement].Hu Li ZaZhi, 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.6224/JN.61.2.41.
[26] Holsti, L., Grunau, R. E., Oberlander, T. F., and Whitfiels, M.F. (2014). Specific newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program movements are associated with acute pain in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatrics, 114(1): 65–72.
Author Information
  • Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt

  • Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt

  • Pediatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Fawzia El Sayed Abusaad, Rehab Abd El Aziz El Sayed Abd El Aziz, Nehad Abd Elsallam Nasef. (2017). The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units. American Journal of Nursing Science, 6(1), 63-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Fawzia El Sayed Abusaad; Rehab Abd El Aziz El Sayed Abd El Aziz; Nehad Abd Elsallam Nasef. The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2017, 6(1), 63-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Fawzia El Sayed Abusaad, Rehab Abd El Aziz El Sayed Abd El Aziz, Nehad Abd Elsallam Nasef. The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Am J Nurs Sci. 2017;6(1):63-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18,
      author = {Fawzia El Sayed Abusaad and Rehab Abd El Aziz El Sayed Abd El Aziz and Nehad Abd Elsallam Nasef},
      title = {The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units},
      journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {63-71},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20170601.18},
      abstract = {Preterm infants are exposed to serious health problems that require advanced highly specialized nursing skills in order to sustain their life. Developmental positioning is one of an essential skill for neonatal intensive care unit nurses. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of developmentally supportive positioning on preterm infants' pain responses at NICU. A Quasi experimental design was used to conduct the study at neonatal intensive care unit on a sample of (56)preterm infants who admitted through nine months and were equally divided randomly into the study and control group after fulfilling the inclusion criteria using demographic characteristics of Preterm infants. Infant Position Assessment Tool (IPAT) and Preterm Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Tool. The results indicated that all the preterm infants (100%) had an unacceptable positioning in both groups, and none of preterm infants in both groups had no- or- minimal pain at baseline assessment. While after one week of intervention about two third (64.3%) of the infants were placed in an acceptable position in the study group and only less than one quarter (21.4%) of the preterm infants in the control group were placed in an acceptable position. Regarding pain response at day seven of intervention five minutes after morning routine care, about half (53.6%) of infants in the study group had no-or-minimal pain while none of infants in the control group had no-or-minimal pain and about one third (32.1%) of infants in the control group had severe pain and none of the infants in the study group had severe pain. The present study concluded that preterm infants who were placed in developmentally supportive positioning had acceptable position and exhibited less pain scores. It is recommended to replicate the present study on a larger sample.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Effectiveness of Developmentally Supportive Positioning on Preterm Infants' Pain Response at Neonatal Intensive Care Units
    AU  - Fawzia El Sayed Abusaad
    AU  - Rehab Abd El Aziz El Sayed Abd El Aziz
    AU  - Nehad Abd Elsallam Nasef
    Y1  - 2017/01/28
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18
    T2  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JF  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JO  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    SP  - 63
    EP  - 71
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5753
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20170601.18
    AB  - Preterm infants are exposed to serious health problems that require advanced highly specialized nursing skills in order to sustain their life. Developmental positioning is one of an essential skill for neonatal intensive care unit nurses. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of developmentally supportive positioning on preterm infants' pain responses at NICU. A Quasi experimental design was used to conduct the study at neonatal intensive care unit on a sample of (56)preterm infants who admitted through nine months and were equally divided randomly into the study and control group after fulfilling the inclusion criteria using demographic characteristics of Preterm infants. Infant Position Assessment Tool (IPAT) and Preterm Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) Tool. The results indicated that all the preterm infants (100%) had an unacceptable positioning in both groups, and none of preterm infants in both groups had no- or- minimal pain at baseline assessment. While after one week of intervention about two third (64.3%) of the infants were placed in an acceptable position in the study group and only less than one quarter (21.4%) of the preterm infants in the control group were placed in an acceptable position. Regarding pain response at day seven of intervention five minutes after morning routine care, about half (53.6%) of infants in the study group had no-or-minimal pain while none of infants in the control group had no-or-minimal pain and about one third (32.1%) of infants in the control group had severe pain and none of the infants in the study group had severe pain. The present study concluded that preterm infants who were placed in developmentally supportive positioning had acceptable position and exhibited less pain scores. It is recommended to replicate the present study on a larger sample.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections