Clinical Medicine Research

| Peer-Reviewed |

Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis

Received: 11 August 2019    Accepted: 23 October 2019    Published: 18 February 2020
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to evaluate the complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients attending clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu. A total of 90 confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients consisting of male (n = 38) and female (n = 52), aged 15 to 60 years attending clinic participated in this study. CBC and ESR were analysed using Haematological Auto Analyzer and Westergren method respectively. Haemoglobin and haematocrit values across the three age groups (15-30, 31-45, 46-60 years) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control value in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil values across the three were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control values in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was observed more in females than the males and was relatively higher in older patients (above 46 years) than younger patients (below 46 years). This study was able to show that different haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, haematocrit, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil could serve as hallmark and help in early diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.

DOI 10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14
Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2020)
Page(s) 20-24
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis, Comzplete Blood Count, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

References
[1] World Health Organization (2013). Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis: 2013 Revision (updated December 2014). Geneva: World Health Organization.
[2] Global Tuberculosis Report (2013). Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/ Accessed 22 November 2016.
[3] National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme, Annual Report 2008. Abuja: NTBLCP; 2009.). Available at: http://www.ntbltc.org/reports/Annual%20Report%202008%20NTBLCP.pdf Accessed 10 December 2016.
[4] Nigerian National HIV Sero-Prevalence Survey, 2010.
[5] Joint external mid-term evaluation of the Nigeria national tuberculosis and leprosy control strategic plan 2010–2015.
[6] Tuberculosis prevalence surveys (2010): a handbook. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO/HTM/TB/2010.17). Available at: http://www.who.int/tb/advisory_bodies/impact_measurement_taskforce/resources_documents/thelimebook/en/
[7] Purohit MR, Mustafa T, Wiker HG, Morkve O, Sviland L (2007) Immunohistochemical diagnosis of abdominal and lymph node tuberculosis by detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex specific antigen MPT64. Diagn Pathol. 2: 36
[8] Abacus junior B. Hematology Analyzer. Service Manual. 3.0 release. DIATRON Messtechnik Ges. m. B. H.. A-1141 Wien, Ameisgasse 49-51/2.
[9] Westergreen A (1957) Diagnostic tests: the erythrocyte sedimentation rate range and limitation of the technique: Triangle 3 (1); 20–5.
[10] Sauders E (2007) Robbins Basic Pathology 8th Edition Cambridge Press, London. Pages 516–520.
[11] Shafee M, Abbas F, Ashraf M, Mengal MA, Kakar N, et al. (2014) Hematological profile and risk factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Quetta, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci; 30 (1): 36-40.
[12] Ayaz S, Tahira N, Khan S, Khan SN, Rubab L, et al. (2012) Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Still Prevalent in Human in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pak J Life Soc Sci.; 10 (1): 39-41.
[13] Baloch S, Devrajani BR, Rahman AA (2013) The prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Elixir Human Physio.; 60: 16447-16450.
[14] World Health Organisation (WHO) 2002 Gender and Tuberculosis’, WHO, Geneva.
[15] Chow TW, Lim BK, Vallipuram S (2002) The masquerades of female pelvic 
tuberculosis: case reports and review of literature on clinical presentations and diagnosis, J Obstet Gynaecol Res; 28: 203–10.
[16] Chen CS, Wang-Huei C, Aristine T, Woei H, Shang-Yi T, et al. (2011) Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease in adult patients with hematological malignancies. BMC Infectious Diseases 11: 324.
[17] Al-Hajoj S, Shoukri M, Memish Z, AlHakeem R, AlRabiah F, et al. (2015) Exploring the Sociodemographic and Clinical Features of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. PLoS ONE 10 (2): e0101667. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.017
[18] Amin S, Khattak MI, Shabbier G, Wazir MN (2011) Frequency of Pulmonary tuberculosis in Patients With diabetes Mellitus. Gomal J Med Sci 9 (2): 163–165.
[19] Ullah H, Iqbal Z, Ullah Z, Mahboob A, Rehman M (2009) Frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients presenting with diabetes. Pak J Chest Med 15 (4): 1–7.
[20] Means RT (2003). Recent developments in the anemia of chronic disease. Current Hematology l Rep., 2: 116-121.
[21] Nemeth E, Rivera S, Gabayan V. (2004). IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. Journal of Clinical Investigations, 113: 1271-1276.
[22] Muhammad OA, Hayder GA (2011) Studying Some Hematological Changes in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Babylon Governorate. Medical Journal of Babylon 8; 4.
[23] Eyshi A, Rahimi E, Gharabaghi N (2009). Anemia and Peripheral Blood Changes in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 16 (2): 510.
[24] Anju J (2011) Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma. Ind J Clin Biochem; 26 (3): 269–273
[25] Wasim H, Azizul H, Salma AB, Saifuddin E, Fazlur R (2004) Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Experience in Rajshahi Chest Disease Clinic and Chest Disease Hospital. TAJ; 17 (1).
[26] Nsal E, Aksaray S, ksal D, Ipit T (2005) Pulmonary tuberculosis thrombocytosis and acute phase response in Potential role of interleukin 6 in reactive. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 8: 604–607.
Author Information
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Biochemistry, ESUT College of Medicine, Parklane, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Silas Anayochukwu Ufelle, Kenechukwu Chibuike Onyekwelu, Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu, Augustine Chidi Ndubisi, Richard Chukwunonye Ezeh, et al. (2020). Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis. Clinical Medicine Research, 9(1), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Silas Anayochukwu Ufelle; Kenechukwu Chibuike Onyekwelu; Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu; Augustine Chidi Ndubisi; Richard Chukwunonye Ezeh, et al. Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis. Clin. Med. Res. 2020, 9(1), 20-24. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Silas Anayochukwu Ufelle, Kenechukwu Chibuike Onyekwelu, Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu, Augustine Chidi Ndubisi, Richard Chukwunonye Ezeh, et al. Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis. Clin Med Res. 2020;9(1):20-24. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14,
      author = {Silas Anayochukwu Ufelle and Kenechukwu Chibuike Onyekwelu and Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu and Augustine Chidi Ndubisi and Richard Chukwunonye Ezeh and Lorreta Nwakaego Nwokolo},
      title = {Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis},
      journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {20-24},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20200901.14},
      abstract = {Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to evaluate the complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients attending clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu. A total of 90 confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients consisting of male (n = 38) and female (n = 52), aged 15 to 60 years attending clinic participated in this study. CBC and ESR were analysed using Haematological Auto Analyzer and Westergren method respectively. Haemoglobin and haematocrit values across the three age groups (15-30, 31-45, 46-60 years) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control value in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil values across the three were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control values in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was observed more in females than the males and was relatively higher in older patients (above 46 years) than younger patients (below 46 years). This study was able to show that different haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, haematocrit, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil could serve as hallmark and help in early diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Haematological Profiles of Patients with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis
    AU  - Silas Anayochukwu Ufelle
    AU  - Kenechukwu Chibuike Onyekwelu
    AU  - Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu
    AU  - Augustine Chidi Ndubisi
    AU  - Richard Chukwunonye Ezeh
    AU  - Lorreta Nwakaego Nwokolo
    Y1  - 2020/02/18
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14
    T2  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JF  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JO  - Clinical Medicine Research
    SP  - 20
    EP  - 24
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9057
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20200901.14
    AB  - Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to evaluate the complete blood count (CBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients attending clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu. A total of 90 confirmed extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients consisting of male (n = 38) and female (n = 52), aged 15 to 60 years attending clinic participated in this study. CBC and ESR were analysed using Haematological Auto Analyzer and Westergren method respectively. Haemoglobin and haematocrit values across the three age groups (15-30, 31-45, 46-60 years) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control value in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil values across the three were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control values in both male and female extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was observed more in females than the males and was relatively higher in older patients (above 46 years) than younger patients (below 46 years). This study was able to show that different haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, haematocrit, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood count, platelet and neutrophil could serve as hallmark and help in early diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections