Clinical Medicine Research

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Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Received: 09 October 2015    Accepted: 21 October 2015    Published: 30 October 2015
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Abstract

Stroke is one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases. Its occurrence has been significantly increasing in Sub Saharan Africa in the last couple of decades. Mortality has been shown to be higher in this area compared to developed countries. Yet, there is a big information gap about stroke in Ethiopia. This study aimed at describing the clinical pattern, risk factors and outcome of adult stroke patients admitted to university of Gondar hospital. Retrospective chart record analysis of adult patients with stroke who had Computerized tomography(CT) scan of the brain admitted to University of Gondar hospital medical wards from June 2010 to May 2013 was done. Relevant data including sociodemographics, risk factors, type of stroke and outcome were collected using a data extraction form. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info7. Results: A total of 98 patients with a median age of 68 years (IQR: 60-76) and F:M ratio of 1.13:1 were analyzed. Ischemic stroke accounted for 69.4% of the cases. The median ages of patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 60 and 70 years respectively (P=0.0027). Hypertension (55.9%), any type of structural heart disease (44.6%) and atrial fibrillation (28.7%) were the most commonly identified risk factors. Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in ischemic stroke patients (34.3%) compared to hemorrhagic stroke (14.8%) (P= 0.049). In hospital mortality rate was 13% with median duration of hospital stay before death of 6 days. Respiratory failure secondary to aspiration pneumonia and increased intracranial pressure were the most common immediate causes of death. Conclusion: Even though ischemic stroke was the most common stroke subtype, the proportion of hemorrhagic stroke was higher compared to studies from the developed world. Appropriate screening and treatment of hypertension, structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation should be give due attention as they are the most commonly identified risk factors. Most deaths occurred early after admission due to stroke related acute complications with respiratory failure; as such an emergency stroke care unit capable of managing these complications can partially decrease the death rate.

DOI 10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13
Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2015)
Page(s) 182-188
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cerebrovascular Accident, University of Gondar Hospital, in Hospital Mortality

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

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    Ermias Shenkutie Greffie, Tadesse Mitiku, Seid Getahun. (2015). Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Clinical Medicine Research, 4(6), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13

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    Ermias Shenkutie Greffie; Tadesse Mitiku; Seid Getahun. Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin. Med. Res. 2015, 4(6), 182-188. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13

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    AMA Style

    Ermias Shenkutie Greffie, Tadesse Mitiku, Seid Getahun. Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin Med Res. 2015;4(6):182-188. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13,
      author = {Ermias Shenkutie Greffie and Tadesse Mitiku and Seid Getahun},
      title = {Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia},
      journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
      volume = {4},
      number = {6},
      pages = {182-188},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20150406.13},
      abstract = {Stroke is one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases. Its occurrence has been significantly increasing in Sub Saharan Africa in the last couple of decades. Mortality has been shown to be higher in this area compared to developed countries. Yet, there is a big information gap about stroke in Ethiopia. This study aimed at describing the clinical pattern, risk factors and outcome of adult stroke patients admitted to university of Gondar hospital. Retrospective chart record analysis of adult patients with stroke who had Computerized tomography(CT) scan of the brain admitted to University of Gondar hospital medical wards from June 2010 to May 2013 was done. Relevant data including sociodemographics, risk factors, type of stroke and outcome were collected using a data extraction form. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info7. Results: A total of 98 patients with a median age of 68 years (IQR: 60-76) and F:M ratio of 1.13:1 were analyzed. Ischemic stroke accounted for 69.4% of the cases. The median ages of patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 60 and 70 years respectively (P=0.0027). Hypertension (55.9%), any type of structural heart disease (44.6%) and atrial fibrillation (28.7%) were the most commonly identified risk factors. Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in ischemic stroke patients (34.3%) compared to hemorrhagic stroke (14.8%) (P= 0.049). In hospital mortality rate was 13% with median duration of hospital stay before death of 6 days. Respiratory failure secondary to aspiration pneumonia and increased intracranial pressure were the most common immediate causes of death. Conclusion: Even though ischemic stroke was the most common stroke subtype, the proportion of hemorrhagic stroke was higher compared to studies from the developed world. Appropriate screening and treatment of hypertension, structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation should be give due attention as they are the most commonly identified risk factors. Most deaths occurred early after admission due to stroke related acute complications with respiratory failure; as such an emergency stroke care unit capable of managing these complications can partially decrease the death rate.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Risk Factors, Clinical Pattern and Outcome of Stroke in a Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
    AU  - Ermias Shenkutie Greffie
    AU  - Tadesse Mitiku
    AU  - Seid Getahun
    Y1  - 2015/10/30
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13
    T2  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JF  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JO  - Clinical Medicine Research
    SP  - 182
    EP  - 188
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9057
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20150406.13
    AB  - Stroke is one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases. Its occurrence has been significantly increasing in Sub Saharan Africa in the last couple of decades. Mortality has been shown to be higher in this area compared to developed countries. Yet, there is a big information gap about stroke in Ethiopia. This study aimed at describing the clinical pattern, risk factors and outcome of adult stroke patients admitted to university of Gondar hospital. Retrospective chart record analysis of adult patients with stroke who had Computerized tomography(CT) scan of the brain admitted to University of Gondar hospital medical wards from June 2010 to May 2013 was done. Relevant data including sociodemographics, risk factors, type of stroke and outcome were collected using a data extraction form. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info7. Results: A total of 98 patients with a median age of 68 years (IQR: 60-76) and F:M ratio of 1.13:1 were analyzed. Ischemic stroke accounted for 69.4% of the cases. The median ages of patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 60 and 70 years respectively (P=0.0027). Hypertension (55.9%), any type of structural heart disease (44.6%) and atrial fibrillation (28.7%) were the most commonly identified risk factors. Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in ischemic stroke patients (34.3%) compared to hemorrhagic stroke (14.8%) (P= 0.049). In hospital mortality rate was 13% with median duration of hospital stay before death of 6 days. Respiratory failure secondary to aspiration pneumonia and increased intracranial pressure were the most common immediate causes of death. Conclusion: Even though ischemic stroke was the most common stroke subtype, the proportion of hemorrhagic stroke was higher compared to studies from the developed world. Appropriate screening and treatment of hypertension, structural heart disease and atrial fibrillation should be give due attention as they are the most commonly identified risk factors. Most deaths occurred early after admission due to stroke related acute complications with respiratory failure; as such an emergency stroke care unit capable of managing these complications can partially decrease the death rate.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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