A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management

Zarbo G.; Pafumi C.; Giannone T. T.; Giunta M. R.; Carbonaro A.; Ciotta L.; Mayada Chammas; Fawzi Chammas; Genovese F.

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management

Zarbo G., Pafumi C., Giannone T. T., Giunta M. R., Carbonaro A., Ciotta L., Mayada Chammas, Fawzi Chammas, Genovese F.

Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 2, Issue 1)

Received: 26 December 2012 Accepted: Published: 10 January 2013

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Abstract

Placenta previa is a condition derived to an abnormal implantation of the embryos in the lower uterine segment, a place that predisposes to persistent uterine bleeding because of the development of new vessels and because it is a poorly contractile area of the uterus. Risk factors for placents previa are: maternal age, number of pregnancies, cigarette smoking, multiple pregnancies, previus surgery on the uterus including caesarean section, previous placenta previa. Usually placenta previa becomes symptomatic in the third trimester of pregnancy and it is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Authors present a case of 38 years old woman whit complete placenta previa who comes to the ER of their hospital complex with plenty of vaginal bleeding; a caesarean section is performed in emergency. There is not doubt that the diagnosis of placenta previa is mainly ultrasound. Clinical and instrumental controls (ultrasound) in these patients will certainly have a frequency different from the other pregnancies and in many cases will require hospitalization. The mode of delivery is in most cases by emergency or elective Caesarean. The Authors based the management of the reported case on the review of the last 20-year International Literature, according to which, in the presence of this type of previa, an Early Term Birth (ETB) at 37 weeks and 0 days is associated with a better maternal and neonatal prognosis if compared to both a Late Preterm Birth (LPTB) at 34-36 weeks or a Term Birth (TB) at 38-39 weeks.

Published in	Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11
Page(s)	1-5
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Placenta Previa, Pregnancy, Lower Uterine Segment

References

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[2]	Jang DG, We JS, Shin JU, Choi YJ, Ko HS, Park IY, Shin JC. "Maternal outcomes according to placental position in placental previa". Int J Med Sci 2011; 8(5): 439-44.
[3]	Gorodeski IG, Neri A, Bahary CM, "Placenta previa, the identification of low and high risk subgroups". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 1985 Sep;20(3):133-43.
[4]	Rosenberg T, Pariente G, Sergienko R, Wiznitzer A, Sheiner E. "Critical analysis of risk factor and outcome of placenta previa." Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011 Jul;284(1):47-51.
[5]	Zaideh SM, Abu-Heija AT, El-Jallad MF. "Placenta previa and accrete: analysis of a two-year experience". Gynecol Ostet Invest, 1998 Aug;46(2):96-8.
[6]	Liang-Kun M, Na N, Jian-Qiu Y, Xu-Ming B, Jun-Tao L. "Clinical analysis of placenta previa complicated with previous caesarean section". Chin Med Sci J, 2012 Sep;27(3):129-33.
[7]	Shi H, Pi P, Ding Y. "Diagnosis of placenta previa accrete by two dimensional ultrasonography and color Doppler in patients with caesarean section". Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 2012 Sep;37(9):939-43.
[8]	Chen YF, Ismail H, Chou MM, Lee FY, Lee JH, Ho ES. "Exaggerated placenta site in placenta previa: an imaging differential diagnosis of placenta accreta, placental site trophoblastic tumor and molar pregnancy. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2012 Sep;51(3):440-2.
[9]	Neilson JP. "Interventions for suspected placenta praevia". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD001998. DOI: 0.1002/14651858.CD001998.
[10]	Allahdin S, Voigt S, Htwe TT. "Management of placenta previa and accrete". J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011;31(1):1-6.
[11]	Oyelese KO, Turner M, Lees C, Campbell S. "Vasa previa: an avoidable obstetric tragedy". Obstet Gynecol Surv, 1999 Feb;54(2):138-45.
[12]	Palacios-Jaraquemada JM. "Caesarean section in cases of placenta previa and accrete". Best Pract Res clin Obstet Gynaecol, 2012 Nov 2. pii: S1521-6934(12)00164-2.
[13]	Zlatnik MG, Little SE, Kohli P, et al. When should women with placenta previa be delivered? (A decision analysis). Reprod Med 2010;55:373-381.
[14]	Oyelese Y, Smulian JC. " Placenta previa, placenta accrete and vasa previa". Obstet Gynecol, 2006 Apr;107(4):927-41.
[15]	Wing DA, Paul RH, Millar LK. "Management of the symptomatic placenta previa: a randomized, controlled trial of inpatient versus outpatient expectant management". Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1996 Oct;175(4 Pt 1):806-11.
[16]	Bahar A, Abusham A. Eskandar M, Sobande A, Alsunaidi M. "Risk factor and pregnancy outcome in different types of placenta previa". J Obstet Gynecol Can2009; 31(2): 126-131.
[17]	Stafford IA, Dashe JS, Shivvers SA, et al. "Ultrasonographic cervical length and risk of hemorrhage in pregnancies with placenta previa". Obstet Gynecol 2010;116:595-600.
[18]	Blackwell Sc. "Timing of Delivery for women with stable placenta previa". Semin Perinatol 2011;35(5):249-51.
[19]	Fukushima K, Fujiwara A, Anami A, Fujita Y, Yumoto Y, Sakai A, Morokuma S, Wake N. "Cervical length predicts placental adherence and massive hemorrhage in placenta previa". J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012; 38(1):192-7.
[20]	Besinger RE, Moniak CW, Paskiewicz LS, Fisher SG, Tomich PG. "The effect of tocolytic use in the management of symptomatic placenta previa". Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1995 Jun;172(6):1770-5.
[21]	RobinsonBK, Grobman WA. Effectiveness of timing strategies for delivery of individuals with placenta previa and accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 116(4):835-42.
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[23]	Frederiksen MC, Glassenberg R, Stika CS. Placenta previa: a 22-year analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180(6 Pt 1):1432-7.

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APA Style

Zarbo G., Pafumi C., Giannone T. T., Giunta M. R., Carbonaro A., et al. (2013). A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clinical Medicine Research, 2(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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ACS Style

Zarbo G.; Pafumi C.; Giannone T. T.; Giunta M. R.; Carbonaro A., et al. A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clin. Med. Res. 2013, 2(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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AMA Style

Zarbo G., Pafumi C., Giannone T. T., Giunta M. R., Carbonaro A., et al. A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clin Med Res. 2013;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11,
  author = {Zarbo G. and Pafumi C. and Giannone T. T. and Giunta M. R. and Carbonaro A. and Ciotta L. and Mayada Chammas and Fawzi Chammas and Genovese F.},
  title = {A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management},
  journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20130201.11},
  abstract = {Placenta previa is a condition derived to an abnormal implantation of the embryos in the lower uterine segment, a place that predisposes to persistent uterine bleeding because of the development of new vessels and because it is a poorly contractile area of the uterus. Risk factors for placents previa are: maternal age, number of pregnancies, cigarette smoking, multiple pregnancies, previus surgery on the uterus including caesarean section, previous placenta previa. Usually placenta previa becomes symptomatic in the third trimester of pregnancy and it is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Authors present a case of 38 years old woman whit complete placenta previa who comes to the ER of their hospital complex with plenty of vaginal bleeding; a caesarean section is performed in emergency. There is not doubt that the diagnosis of  placenta previa is mainly ultrasound.  Clinical and instrumental controls (ultrasound) in these patients will certainly have a frequency different from the other pregnancies and in many cases will require hospitalization. The mode of delivery is in most cases by emergency or elective Caesarean. The Authors based the management of the reported case on the review of the last 20-year International Literature, according to which, in the presence of this type of previa, an Early Term Birth (ETB) at 37 weeks and 0 days is associated with a better maternal and neonatal prognosis if compared to both a Late Preterm Birth (LPTB) at 34-36 weeks or a Term Birth (TB) at 38-39 weeks.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management
AU - Zarbo G.
AU - Pafumi C.
AU - Giannone T. T.
AU - Giunta M. R.
AU - Carbonaro A.
AU - Ciotta L.
AU - Mayada Chammas
AU - Fawzi Chammas
AU - Genovese F.
Y1 - 2013/01/10
PY - 2013
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11
DO - 10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11
T2 - Clinical Medicine Research
JF - Clinical Medicine Research
JO - Clinical Medicine Research
SP - 1
EP - 5
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2326-9057
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11
AB - Placenta previa is a condition derived to an abnormal implantation of the embryos in the lower uterine segment, a place that predisposes to persistent uterine bleeding because of the development of new vessels and because it is a poorly contractile area of the uterus. Risk factors for placents previa are: maternal age, number of pregnancies, cigarette smoking, multiple pregnancies, previus surgery on the uterus including caesarean section, previous placenta previa. Usually placenta previa becomes symptomatic in the third trimester of pregnancy and it is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Authors present a case of 38 years old woman whit complete placenta previa who comes to the ER of their hospital complex with plenty of vaginal bleeding; a caesarean section is performed in emergency. There is not doubt that the diagnosis of placenta previa is mainly ultrasound. Clinical and instrumental controls (ultrasound) in these patients will certainly have a frequency different from the other pregnancies and in many cases will require hospitalization. The mode of delivery is in most cases by emergency or elective Caesarean. The Authors based the management of the reported case on the review of the last 20-year International Literature, according to which, in the presence of this type of previa, an Early Term Birth (ETB) at 37 weeks and 0 days is associated with a better maternal and neonatal prognosis if compared to both a Late Preterm Birth (LPTB) at 34-36 weeks or a Term Birth (TB) at 38-39 weeks.
VL - 2
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Zarbo G.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Pafumi C.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Giannone T. T.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Giunta M. R.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Carbonaro A.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Ciotta L.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore
Mayada Chammas

American University of Beirut-Lebanon
Fawzi Chammas

American University of Beirut-Lebanon
Genovese F.

Istituto Di Patologia Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico – Vittorio Emanuele, Catania – Direttore

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APA Style

Zarbo G., Pafumi C., Giannone T. T., Giunta M. R., Carbonaro A., et al. (2013). A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clinical Medicine Research, 2(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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ACS Style

Zarbo G.; Pafumi C.; Giannone T. T.; Giunta M. R.; Carbonaro A., et al. A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clin. Med. Res. 2013, 2(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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AMA Style

Zarbo G., Pafumi C., Giannone T. T., Giunta M. R., Carbonaro A., et al. A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management. Clin Med Res. 2013;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11,
  author = {Zarbo G. and Pafumi C. and Giannone T. T. and Giunta M. R. and Carbonaro A. and Ciotta L. and Mayada Chammas and Fawzi Chammas and Genovese F.},
  title = {A Case Report of Asymptomatic Placenta Previa: Diagnosis and Management},
  journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130201.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20130201.11},
  abstract = {Placenta previa is a condition derived to an abnormal implantation of the embryos in the lower uterine segment, a place that predisposes to persistent uterine bleeding because of the development of new vessels and because it is a poorly contractile area of the uterus. Risk factors for placents previa are: maternal age, number of pregnancies, cigarette smoking, multiple pregnancies, previus surgery on the uterus including caesarean section, previous placenta previa. Usually placenta previa becomes symptomatic in the third trimester of pregnancy and it is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The Authors present a case of 38 years old woman whit complete placenta previa who comes to the ER of their hospital complex with plenty of vaginal bleeding; a caesarean section is performed in emergency. There is not doubt that the diagnosis of  placenta previa is mainly ultrasound.  Clinical and instrumental controls (ultrasound) in these patients will certainly have a frequency different from the other pregnancies and in many cases will require hospitalization. The mode of delivery is in most cases by emergency or elective Caesarean. The Authors based the management of the reported case on the review of the last 20-year International Literature, according to which, in the presence of this type of previa, an Early Term Birth (ETB) at 37 weeks and 0 days is associated with a better maternal and neonatal prognosis if compared to both a Late Preterm Birth (LPTB) at 34-36 weeks or a Term Birth (TB) at 38-39 weeks.},
 year = {2013}
}

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