American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics

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A Markov Regime Switching Approach of Estimating Volatility Using Nigerian Stock Market

Received: 26 January 2020    Accepted: 07 April 2020    Published: 28 May 2020
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Abstract

Understanding and forecasting the behavior of volatility in stock market has received significant attention among researchers and analysts in the last few decades due to its crucial roles in financial markets. Portfolios managers, option traders, and market makers are all interested in the possibility of forecasting, with a reasonable level of accuracy. This study examined the volatility on the Nigeria stock market by comparing two Markov regime switching Autoregressive (MS-AR) Models estimated at different lagged values using the Nigeria stock exchange monthly All Share Index data from 1988 to 2018 in the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. It was found that factors like financial crisis, information flow, trading volume, economical aspects and investor’s behavior are the causes of volatility in the stock market. The results and forecasts obtained from the statistical analysis in this research showed that the stock market will experience a steady growth in 2020 and beyond. Also, the stock market is experiencing fluctuations in the price indices which show that over the years, investors have been exposed to some certain risks in the time past. We therefore recommended that researchers should focus more attention in developing robust statistical model that will reflect and continue to monitor future trends and realities.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11
Published in American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2020)
Page(s) 80-89
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Markov Regime Switch, Stock Returns, Volatility Clustering, Financial Crisis

References
[1] Benschop T. and Cabrera B. L., Volatility Modeling of CO2 EmissionAllowanceSpot Prices with Regime-Switching GARCH Models, 2014, pp1-11.
[2] Cont, R. (2001). ”Empirical properties of asset returns: stylized facts andstatistical Issues”, Quantitative Finance, 1, p. 223-236.
[3] Hamilton, J. D. (1989). “A new approach to the economic analysis ofnonstationarytime series and the business cycle” Econometrica, 57, p. 357–384.
[4] Lindgren, G. (1978). “Markov Regime Models for Mixed Distributions andSwitching Regressions” Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 5, p. 81-91.
[5] Hamilton, J. D. (2005). “Regime-Switching Models” The New PalgraveDictionaryof Economics, Second Edition.
[6] Bodie, Z., Kane, A., & Marcus, A. J. (1998). Essentials of Investment. NewYork: The Mcgraw-Hill Companies.
[7] Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin,(CBN, 2018).
[8] Brock, W. A., Dechert, W. D., & Scheinkman, J. A. (1987). A Test forIndependence Based on The Correlation Dimension. Department ofEconomics, University of Wisconsin at MadisonUniversity of Houston, andUniversity of Chicago.
[9] Brock, W. A., Hsieh, D. A. and LeBaron, B. (1991) Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, and Instability: Statistical Theory and Economic Evidence. MIT Press, Cambridge, London.
[10] Akaike, H. (1973), "Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle", in Petrov, B. N.; Csáki, F. (eds.), 2nd International Symposium on Information Theory, Tsahkadsor, Armenia, USSR, September 2-8, 1971, Budapest:
[11] Decision 411 forecasting, 2010, What’s the bottom line? How to compare models, Availableat: file:///D:/Informatics/thesis/in%20KTM/error%20metrics/How%20to%20compare%20models.htm, [Accessed: 23 jan 2011].
[12] Armstrong, J. S., & Fildes, R. (1995). On the Selection of Error Measures for Comparisons Among Forecasting Methods. Retrieved from http://repository.upenn.edu/marketing_papers/63.
[13] Armstrong, J. S. (2001), “Role-playing: A method to forecast decisions,” in J. S. Armstrong (ed.), Principles of Forecasting. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Press.
Author Information
  • Statistics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Statistics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

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    Yahaya Haruna Umar, Matthew Adeoye. (2020). A Markov Regime Switching Approach of Estimating Volatility Using Nigerian Stock Market. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 9(4), 80-89. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11

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    Yahaya Haruna Umar; Matthew Adeoye. A Markov Regime Switching Approach of Estimating Volatility Using Nigerian Stock Market. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 2020, 9(4), 80-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11

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    Yahaya Haruna Umar, Matthew Adeoye. A Markov Regime Switching Approach of Estimating Volatility Using Nigerian Stock Market. Am J Theor Appl Stat. 2020;9(4):80-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11,
      author = {Yahaya Haruna Umar and Matthew Adeoye},
      title = {A Markov Regime Switching Approach of Estimating Volatility Using Nigerian Stock Market},
      journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {80-89},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20200904.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtas.20200904.11},
      abstract = {Understanding and forecasting the behavior of volatility in stock market has received significant attention among researchers and analysts in the last few decades due to its crucial roles in financial markets. Portfolios managers, option traders, and market makers are all interested in the possibility of forecasting, with a reasonable level of accuracy. This study examined the volatility on the Nigeria stock market by comparing two Markov regime switching Autoregressive (MS-AR) Models estimated at different lagged values using the Nigeria stock exchange monthly All Share Index data from 1988 to 2018 in the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. It was found that factors like financial crisis, information flow, trading volume, economical aspects and investor’s behavior are the causes of volatility in the stock market. The results and forecasts obtained from the statistical analysis in this research showed that the stock market will experience a steady growth in 2020 and beyond. Also, the stock market is experiencing fluctuations in the price indices which show that over the years, investors have been exposed to some certain risks in the time past. We therefore recommended that researchers should focus more attention in developing robust statistical model that will reflect and continue to monitor future trends and realities.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AU  - Yahaya Haruna Umar
    AU  - Matthew Adeoye
    Y1  - 2020/05/28
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    T2  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
    JF  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
    JO  - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics
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    AB  - Understanding and forecasting the behavior of volatility in stock market has received significant attention among researchers and analysts in the last few decades due to its crucial roles in financial markets. Portfolios managers, option traders, and market makers are all interested in the possibility of forecasting, with a reasonable level of accuracy. This study examined the volatility on the Nigeria stock market by comparing two Markov regime switching Autoregressive (MS-AR) Models estimated at different lagged values using the Nigeria stock exchange monthly All Share Index data from 1988 to 2018 in the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. It was found that factors like financial crisis, information flow, trading volume, economical aspects and investor’s behavior are the causes of volatility in the stock market. The results and forecasts obtained from the statistical analysis in this research showed that the stock market will experience a steady growth in 2020 and beyond. Also, the stock market is experiencing fluctuations in the price indices which show that over the years, investors have been exposed to some certain risks in the time past. We therefore recommended that researchers should focus more attention in developing robust statistical model that will reflect and continue to monitor future trends and realities.
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