Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods

Mfonobong Charles Uko; Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike; Eke Godwin Kelechi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods

Mfonobong Charles Uko, Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike, Eke Godwin Kelechi

Published in American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 29 January 2017 Accepted: 30 March 2017 Published: 12 June 2017

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Abstract

In this paper, comparative study of the ITU 526-13 method and the occultation distance-based method for computing the radius of curvature for rounded edged fitted to the vertex of hilltop obstruction is presented. In the study, path profiles of microwave links with isolated single edged hilltop and another path profile with isolated double edged hilltop are used. The frequencies considered are from the 1.5GHz in the L-band to 36GHz in the K-band. The result show that for all the frequencies considered, the occultation distance for the single edged hilltop remained constant at 80.923 m and that for the double edged hilltop remained constant at 532.203 m. Also, while the radius of curvature by the ITU 526-13 method varies with frequency in the two path profiles considered, the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method remained constant for all the frequencies considered in each of the two path profiles considered. Also, for the double edged hilltop, the radius of curvature from ITU 526-13 method greatly exceeded the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method for all the frequencies considered. The least difference in about 58% at frequency of 1.5GHz and the difference increased to about 115% at 36GHz. However, for the single edged hilltop, the radius of curvature for the two methods are relatively equal for frequencies above 6GHz. Essentially, ITU 526-13 method works well like the occultation distance-based method for the single edged hilltop. Further studies are therefore required to determine the situations under which the ITU 526-13 method can be applied in computing the radius of curvature for rounded edge approximation used in diffraction loss computation.

Published in	American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
Page(s)	74-79
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Radius of Curvature, Rounded Edge Obstruction, ITU 526-13 Method, Occultation Distance, Double Edged Hilltop, Single Edged Hilltop, Fresnel Zone, Radius of Fresnel Zone

References

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[3]	Bassey, D. E., Okoro, R. C., & Okon, B. E. (2016). Issues Associated with Decimeter Waves Propagation at 0.6, 1.0 and 2.0 Peak Fresnel Zone Levels. International Journal of Science and Research, 5(2), 159-163.
[4]	Odedina, P. K., & Afullo, T. J. (2008). Estimation of Secondary Radioclimatic Variables and Its Application to Terrestrial LOS Link Design in South Africa. AFRICON.
[5]	Zennaro, M., Bagula, A., Gascon, D., & Noveleta, A. B. (2010, August). Planning and deploying long distance wireless sensor networks: The integration of simulation and experimentation. In International Conference on Ad-Hoc Networks and Wireless (pp. 191-204). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
[6]	Green, D. B., & Obaidat, A. S. (2002). An accurate line of sight propagation performance model for ad-hoc 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN) devices. In Communications, 2002. ICC 2002. IEEE International Conference on (Vol. 5, pp. 3424-3428). IEEE.
[7]	Afullo, T. J., & Odedina, P. K. (2006). On the K-factor distribution and diffraction fading for southern Africa. Trans. SAIEE, 97(2), 172-181.
[8]	Odedina, P. K., & Afullo, T. J. (2005, July). Effective earth radius factor (k-factor) determination and its application in Southern Africa. In Proceedings of the Second IASTED International Conference on Antennas, Radar and Wave Propagation (pp. 222-227).
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[12]	Corre, Y., Lostanlen, Y., & Le Helloco, Y. (2002). A new approach for radio propagation modeling in urban environment: Knife-edge diffraction combined with 2D ray-tracing. In Vehicular Technology Conference, 2002. VTC Spring 2002. IEEE 55th (Vol. 1, pp. 507-511). IEEE.
[13]	Qureshi, M. A., Noor, R. M., Shamim, A., Shamshirband, S., & Choo, K. K. R. (2016). A lightweight radio propagation model for vehicular communication in road tunnels. PloS one, 11(3), e0152727.
[14]	Kumar, K. A. M. (2011). Significance of Empirical and Physical Propagation Models to Calculate the Excess Path Loss. Journal of Engineering Research and Studies.
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[22]	International Telecommunication Union, “Recommendation ITU-R P.526-13: “Propagation by diffraction”, Geneva, 2013.

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APA Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko, Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike, Eke Godwin Kelechi. (2017). Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 6(3), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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ACS Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko; Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike; Eke Godwin Kelechi. Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. Am. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 2017, 6(3), 74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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AMA Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko, Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike, Eke Godwin Kelechi. Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. Am J Softw Eng Appl. 2017;6(3):74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13,
  author = {Mfonobong Charles Uko and Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike and Eke Godwin Kelechi},
  title = {Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods},
  journal = {American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {74-79},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  abstract = {In this paper, comparative study of the ITU 526-13 method and the occultation distance-based method for computing the radius of curvature for rounded edged fitted to the vertex of hilltop obstruction is presented. In the study, path profiles of microwave links with isolated single edged hilltop and another path profile with isolated double edged hilltop are used. The frequencies considered are from the 1.5GHz in the L-band to 36GHz in the K-band. The result show that for all the frequencies considered, the occultation distance for the single edged hilltop remained constant at 80.923 m and that for the double edged hilltop remained constant at 532.203 m. Also, while the radius of curvature by the ITU 526-13 method varies with frequency in the two path profiles considered, the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method remained constant for all the frequencies considered in each of the two path profiles considered. Also, for the double edged hilltop, the radius of curvature from ITU 526-13 method greatly exceeded the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method for all the frequencies considered. The least difference in about 58% at frequency of 1.5GHz and the difference increased to about 115% at 36GHz. However, for the single edged hilltop, the radius of curvature for the two methods are relatively equal for frequencies above 6GHz. Essentially, ITU 526-13 method works well like the occultation distance-based method for the single edged hilltop. Further studies are therefore required to determine the situations under which the ITU 526-13 method can be applied in computing the radius of curvature for rounded edge approximation used in diffraction loss computation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods
AU  - Mfonobong Charles Uko
AU  - Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike
AU  - Eke Godwin Kelechi
Y1  - 2017/06/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
T2  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
SP  - 74
EP  - 79
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-249X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
AB  - In this paper, comparative study of the ITU 526-13 method and the occultation distance-based method for computing the radius of curvature for rounded edged fitted to the vertex of hilltop obstruction is presented. In the study, path profiles of microwave links with isolated single edged hilltop and another path profile with isolated double edged hilltop are used. The frequencies considered are from the 1.5GHz in the L-band to 36GHz in the K-band. The result show that for all the frequencies considered, the occultation distance for the single edged hilltop remained constant at 80.923 m and that for the double edged hilltop remained constant at 532.203 m. Also, while the radius of curvature by the ITU 526-13 method varies with frequency in the two path profiles considered, the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method remained constant for all the frequencies considered in each of the two path profiles considered. Also, for the double edged hilltop, the radius of curvature from ITU 526-13 method greatly exceeded the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method for all the frequencies considered. The least difference in about 58% at frequency of 1.5GHz and the difference increased to about 115% at 36GHz. However, for the single edged hilltop, the radius of curvature for the two methods are relatively equal for frequencies above 6GHz. Essentially, ITU 526-13 method works well like the occultation distance-based method for the single edged hilltop. Further studies are therefore required to determine the situations under which the ITU 526-13 method can be applied in computing the radius of curvature for rounded edge approximation used in diffraction loss computation.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Mfonobong Charles Uko

Department of Electrical/Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike

Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
Eke Godwin Kelechi

Department of Electrical/Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

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APA Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko, Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike, Eke Godwin Kelechi. (2017). Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 6(3), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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ACS Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko; Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike; Eke Godwin Kelechi. Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. Am. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 2017, 6(3), 74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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AMA Style

Mfonobong Charles Uko, Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike, Eke Godwin Kelechi. Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods. Am J Softw Eng Appl. 2017;6(3):74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13,
  author = {Mfonobong Charles Uko and Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike and Eke Godwin Kelechi},
  title = {Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods},
  journal = {American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {74-79},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajsea.20170603.13},
  abstract = {In this paper, comparative study of the ITU 526-13 method and the occultation distance-based method for computing the radius of curvature for rounded edged fitted to the vertex of hilltop obstruction is presented. In the study, path profiles of microwave links with isolated single edged hilltop and another path profile with isolated double edged hilltop are used. The frequencies considered are from the 1.5GHz in the L-band to 36GHz in the K-band. The result show that for all the frequencies considered, the occultation distance for the single edged hilltop remained constant at 80.923 m and that for the double edged hilltop remained constant at 532.203 m. Also, while the radius of curvature by the ITU 526-13 method varies with frequency in the two path profiles considered, the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method remained constant for all the frequencies considered in each of the two path profiles considered. Also, for the double edged hilltop, the radius of curvature from ITU 526-13 method greatly exceeded the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method for all the frequencies considered. The least difference in about 58% at frequency of 1.5GHz and the difference increased to about 115% at 36GHz. However, for the single edged hilltop, the radius of curvature for the two methods are relatively equal for frequencies above 6GHz. Essentially, ITU 526-13 method works well like the occultation distance-based method for the single edged hilltop. Further studies are therefore required to determine the situations under which the ITU 526-13 method can be applied in computing the radius of curvature for rounded edge approximation used in diffraction loss computation.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Study of Radius of Curvature of Rounded Edge Hill Obstruction Based on Occultation Distance and ITU-R 526-13 Methods
AU  - Mfonobong Charles Uko
AU  - Vital Kelechi Onwuzuruike
AU  - Eke Godwin Kelechi
Y1  - 2017/06/12
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
T2  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
JF  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
JO  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
SP  - 74
EP  - 79
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-249X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170603.13
AB  - In this paper, comparative study of the ITU 526-13 method and the occultation distance-based method for computing the radius of curvature for rounded edged fitted to the vertex of hilltop obstruction is presented. In the study, path profiles of microwave links with isolated single edged hilltop and another path profile with isolated double edged hilltop are used. The frequencies considered are from the 1.5GHz in the L-band to 36GHz in the K-band. The result show that for all the frequencies considered, the occultation distance for the single edged hilltop remained constant at 80.923 m and that for the double edged hilltop remained constant at 532.203 m. Also, while the radius of curvature by the ITU 526-13 method varies with frequency in the two path profiles considered, the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method remained constant for all the frequencies considered in each of the two path profiles considered. Also, for the double edged hilltop, the radius of curvature from ITU 526-13 method greatly exceeded the radius of curvature by the occultation distance method for all the frequencies considered. The least difference in about 58% at frequency of 1.5GHz and the difference increased to about 115% at 36GHz. However, for the single edged hilltop, the radius of curvature for the two methods are relatively equal for frequencies above 6GHz. Essentially, ITU 526-13 method works well like the occultation distance-based method for the single edged hilltop. Further studies are therefore required to determine the situations under which the ITU 526-13 method can be applied in computing the radius of curvature for rounded edge approximation used in diffraction loss computation.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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