Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems

Aroosa Umair; Muhammad Gufran Khan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

| Peer-Reviewed

Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems

Aroosa Umair, Muhammad Gufran Khan

Published in Advances in Networks (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 31 May 2018 Accepted: 19 June 2018 Published: 11 July 2018

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Automotive industry has gone through rapid changes in the past few years. The usage of electronics and electronic control units (ECUs) have increased manifold, and this has also affected the way different subsystems communicate. Communication technologies and protocols are required to fulfill demands of fault-tolerance, dependability, bandwidth and determinism of demanding and safety-critical applications. This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art and the most commonly employed communication technologies and protocols; both wired and wireless for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication in the automotive systems. The technologies such as LIN (Local Interconnect Network), CAN (Controller Area Network), MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport), and Flexray are compared in terms of the performance, reliability, cost and protocol characteristics. The study shows that Flexray is an excellent network topology for in-vehicle communication that has higher degree of fault tolerance, and is suitable for hard real time systems with high bandwidth. Moreover, wireless technologies i.e. Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and UWB are discussed that satisfy different requirements of diagnostics and multimedia communication for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication and can be used for advanced autonomous driving systems. The paper also presented issues that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of these communication technologies and other advancements in automotive industry.

Published in	Advances in Networks (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
Page(s)	48-65
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Communication Technologies, Automotive, Electric Control Units (ECUs), Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Wireless Networks

References

[1]	N. Nicolas, Y. Song, F. Simonot-Lion, C. Wilwert, “Trends in automotive communication systems”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 93, no. 6, pp. 1204-1223, 2005.
[2]	N. Thomas, H. Hansson, L. Lo Bello, “Automotive communications-past, current and future”, In Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, 2005, 10th IEEE Conference on, vol. 1, pp. 8-pp. 2005.
[3]	AUTOSAR, Technical Overview v. 2.2.2.
[4]	C. Gianluca, A. Valenzano, and S. Vitturi, "Advances in automotive digital communications." Computer Standards & Interfaces, vol 27, no. 6 pp. 665-678, 2005.
[5]	C. Samarjit, M. A. Al Faruque, W. Chang, D. Goswami, M. Wolf, and Q. Zhu. "Automotive cyber–physical systems: A tutorial introduction." IEEE Design & Test 33, no. 4, pp. 92-108, 2016.
[6]	S. Maria, M. Simic, and H. Schmidt. "From automotive to autonomous: Time-triggered operating systems." In Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services, pp. 347-359. Springer, Cham, 2016.
[7]	Novais, P., and S. Konomi. "A survey on vehicular communication technologies." In Intelligent Environments 2016: Workshop Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Environments, vol. 21, p. 308. IOS Press, 2016.
[8]	Tuohy, Shane, Martin Glavin, Ciarán Hughes, Edward Jones, Mohan Trivedi, and Liam Kilmartin. "Intra-vehicle networks: A review." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 16, no. 2 (2015): 534-545.
[9]	K. Seung-Han, S. Seo, J. Kim, T.-M. Moon, C.-W. Son, S.-H. Hwang, and J. W. Jeon. "A gateway system for an automotive system: LIN, CAN, and FlexRay", In Industrial Informatics, 2008. 6th IEEE International Conference on, pp. 967-972. IEEE, 2008.
[10]	F. Andreas, and J. Hedberg, "Comparison of flexray and can-bus for real-time communication", IEEE transactions on industrial electronics vol. 58, no. 3, 2012.
[11]	S. Yung-Hoh, C.-M. Ku, Z.-W. Wang, “A FlexRay/CAN vehicle communication network for an anti-lock braking system based on X-by-wire technology”, In ICCM 2013, 9th International Conference on Computing Technology and Information Management. 2013.
[12]	S. Robert, B. Jackman, “An introduction to FlexRay as an industrial network”, In Industrial Electronics, 2008. ISIE 2008. IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 1849-1854. IEEE, 2008.
[13]	H. Florian, T. Wagner, C. Horst, F. Bailer, M. Ihle, “FlexRay communication controller”, U.S. Patent 8, 484, 383, issued July 9, 2013.
[14]	Li, Wenchao, Marco Di Natale, Wei Zheng, Paolo Giusto, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Sanjit A. Seshia, “Optimizations of an application-level protocol for enhanced dependability in FlexRay”, In Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, pp. 1076-1081. European Design and Automation Association, 2009.
[15]	R. B. Abdul, S. Krishnaveni, “Comparison of CAN, TTP and Flexray Communication Protocols‖”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering 2.
[16]	K. Ugur. “In-vehicle communication networks: a literature survey”, Computer Science Report 10, 2009.
[17]	S. Andrzej, M. Buczaj, “The evolution of “Media Oriented Systems Transport protocol” Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa, vol 14, no. 3, 2014.
[18]	S. Andrzej, M. Buczaj, “New elements in vehicle communication “Media Oriented Systems Transport” protocol”. Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa, vol. 12, no. 1, 2012.
[19]	L. Jin-Shyan, Y.-W. Su, C.-C. Shen, “A comparative study of wireless protocols: Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi”, In Industrial Electronics Society, 2007. 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE, pp. 46-51, 2007.
[20]	B. Nick, “ZigBee and Bluetooth: Strengths and weaknesses for industrial applications”, Computing and Control Engineering, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 20-25, 2005.
[21]	F. Erina, F. Potorti, “Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless protocols: a survey and a comparison”, IEEE Wireless Communications vol. 12, no. 1 pp. 12-26, 2005.
[22]	R. Paul, W. Xiang, W. Stark, “Modeling of ultra-wideband channels within vehicles” IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 906-912, 2006.
[23]	Khairnar, Mrs, D. Vaishali, SN Pradhan. “V2V communication survey wireless technology”. arXiv preprint arXiv:1403. 3993, 2014.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Aroosa Umair, Muhammad Gufran Khan. (2018). Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Advances in Networks, 6(1), 48-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Aroosa Umair; Muhammad Gufran Khan. Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Adv. Netw. 2018, 6(1), 48-65. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Aroosa Umair, Muhammad Gufran Khan. Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Adv Netw. 2018;6(1):48-65. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.net.20180601.15,
  author = {Aroosa Umair and Muhammad Gufran Khan},
  title = {Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems},
  journal = {Advances in Networks},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {48-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.net.20180601.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.net.20180601.15},
  abstract = {Automotive industry has gone through rapid changes in the past few years. The usage of electronics and electronic control units (ECUs) have increased manifold, and this has also affected the way different subsystems communicate. Communication technologies and protocols are required to fulfill demands of fault-tolerance, dependability, bandwidth and determinism of demanding and safety-critical applications. This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art and the most commonly employed communication technologies and protocols; both wired and wireless for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication in the automotive systems. The technologies such as LIN (Local Interconnect Network), CAN (Controller Area Network), MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport), and Flexray are compared in terms of the performance, reliability, cost and protocol characteristics. The study shows that Flexray is an excellent network topology for in-vehicle communication that has higher degree of fault tolerance, and is suitable for hard real time systems with high bandwidth. Moreover, wireless technologies i.e. Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and UWB are discussed that satisfy different requirements of diagnostics and multimedia communication for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication and can be used for advanced autonomous driving systems. The paper also presented issues that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of these communication technologies and other advancements in automotive industry.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems
AU  - Aroosa Umair
AU  - Muhammad Gufran Khan
Y1  - 2018/07/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
T2  - Advances in Networks
JF  - Advances in Networks
JO  - Advances in Networks
SP  - 48
EP  - 65
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9782
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
AB  - Automotive industry has gone through rapid changes in the past few years. The usage of electronics and electronic control units (ECUs) have increased manifold, and this has also affected the way different subsystems communicate. Communication technologies and protocols are required to fulfill demands of fault-tolerance, dependability, bandwidth and determinism of demanding and safety-critical applications. This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art and the most commonly employed communication technologies and protocols; both wired and wireless for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication in the automotive systems. The technologies such as LIN (Local Interconnect Network), CAN (Controller Area Network), MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport), and Flexray are compared in terms of the performance, reliability, cost and protocol characteristics. The study shows that Flexray is an excellent network topology for in-vehicle communication that has higher degree of fault tolerance, and is suitable for hard real time systems with high bandwidth. Moreover, wireless technologies i.e. Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and UWB are discussed that satisfy different requirements of diagnostics and multimedia communication for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication and can be used for advanced autonomous driving systems. The paper also presented issues that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of these communication technologies and other advancements in automotive industry.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Aroosa Umair

Department of Electrical Engineering, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Chiniot-Faisalabad Campus, Pakistan
Muhammad Gufran Khan

Department of Electrical Engineering, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Chiniot-Faisalabad Campus, Pakistan

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Aroosa Umair, Muhammad Gufran Khan. (2018). Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Advances in Networks, 6(1), 48-65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Aroosa Umair; Muhammad Gufran Khan. Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Adv. Netw. 2018, 6(1), 48-65. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Aroosa Umair, Muhammad Gufran Khan. Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems. Adv Netw. 2018;6(1):48-65. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.net.20180601.15,
  author = {Aroosa Umair and Muhammad Gufran Khan},
  title = {Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems},
  journal = {Advances in Networks},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {48-65},
  doi = {10.11648/j.net.20180601.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.net.20180601.15},
  abstract = {Automotive industry has gone through rapid changes in the past few years. The usage of electronics and electronic control units (ECUs) have increased manifold, and this has also affected the way different subsystems communicate. Communication technologies and protocols are required to fulfill demands of fault-tolerance, dependability, bandwidth and determinism of demanding and safety-critical applications. This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art and the most commonly employed communication technologies and protocols; both wired and wireless for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication in the automotive systems. The technologies such as LIN (Local Interconnect Network), CAN (Controller Area Network), MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport), and Flexray are compared in terms of the performance, reliability, cost and protocol characteristics. The study shows that Flexray is an excellent network topology for in-vehicle communication that has higher degree of fault tolerance, and is suitable for hard real time systems with high bandwidth. Moreover, wireless technologies i.e. Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and UWB are discussed that satisfy different requirements of diagnostics and multimedia communication for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication and can be used for advanced autonomous driving systems. The paper also presented issues that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of these communication technologies and other advancements in automotive industry.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Communication Technologies and Network Protocols of Automotive Systems
AU  - Aroosa Umair
AU  - Muhammad Gufran Khan
Y1  - 2018/07/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
T2  - Advances in Networks
JF  - Advances in Networks
JO  - Advances in Networks
SP  - 48
EP  - 65
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9782
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20180601.15
AB  - Automotive industry has gone through rapid changes in the past few years. The usage of electronics and electronic control units (ECUs) have increased manifold, and this has also affected the way different subsystems communicate. Communication technologies and protocols are required to fulfill demands of fault-tolerance, dependability, bandwidth and determinism of demanding and safety-critical applications. This paper presents a survey of state-of-the-art and the most commonly employed communication technologies and protocols; both wired and wireless for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication in the automotive systems. The technologies such as LIN (Local Interconnect Network), CAN (Controller Area Network), MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport), and Flexray are compared in terms of the performance, reliability, cost and protocol characteristics. The study shows that Flexray is an excellent network topology for in-vehicle communication that has higher degree of fault tolerance, and is suitable for hard real time systems with high bandwidth. Moreover, wireless technologies i.e. Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi and UWB are discussed that satisfy different requirements of diagnostics and multimedia communication for in-vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication and can be used for advanced autonomous driving systems. The paper also presented issues that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of these communication technologies and other advancements in automotive industry.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download