Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups

Genichiro Shimada; Masanori Nata; Shiori Tomitaka; Seiji Ujiie

doi:doi:10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups

Genichiro Shimada, Masanori Nata, Shiori Tomitaka, Seiji Ujiie

Published in Advances in Materials (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 7 December 2014 Accepted: 25 December 2014 Published: 6 January 2015

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Abstract

Liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides with mesogenic side-chains were synthesized by the radical polymerization of a mesogenic acrylamide derivative. Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-variable IR, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides containing secondary amide groups formed smectic A and smectic B phases during heating and cooling processes. The glass-smectic B, smectic B-A, and smectic A-isotropic phase transition temperatures increased with increasing molecular weight. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide showed higher phase transition temperatures than a liquid-crystalline polyacrylate, in which the secondary amide group was replaced with an ester group. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a smectic B-oriented sample of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide consisted of sharp inner and very sharp outer reflections. The very sharp reflection in the wide-angle region of the X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the formation of hexatic packing within the layer. The relationship between the layer distance and the extended mesogenic side-chain length suggested that the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide formed an interdigitated bilayer structure. The IR spectra of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide exhibited that the number of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups decreased with increasing temperature. In the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide, smectic A and smectic B phases, with enhanced thermal stability, were formed through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups.

Published in	Advances in Materials (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
Page(s)	89-93
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Liquid Crystal Polymer, Amide, Urethane, IR, Hydrogen Bonding

References

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[3]	S. Ujiie and K. Iimura, “Thermal Properties and Orientational Behavior of a Liquid-Crystalline Ion Complex Polymer”, Macromolecules, vol. 25, 1992, pp. 3174-3178.
[4]	S. Ujiie and K. Iimura, “Formation of Smectic Orientational Order in an Ionic Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Side-Chain Polymer”, Polym. J., vol. 25, 1993, pp. 347-354.
[5]	T. Kojo, M. Nata, and S. Ujiie, “Liquid-Crystalline Binary Systems with Nonmesomorphic Comb-Shaped Polymer Component”, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., vol. 563, 2012, pp. 75-82.
[6]	S. Ujiie, H. Uchino, and K. Iimura, “Induced Smectic Phase Formed by New Liquid Crystalline Binary Systems Consisting of Main Chain Polymer and Twin Compound” Chem. Lett., 1994, pp. 195-196.
[7]	S. Ujiie, H. Uchino, and K. Iimura, “Induced Smectic A and C Phases Formed by Liquid-Crystalline Binary Systems Consisting of Nematic Twin Compounds”, J. Mater. Chem., vol. 5, 1995, pp.2229-2232.
[8]	S. Ujiie, K. Maekawa, and K. Iimura, “Phase Transitions of Liquid Crystalline Polyacrylamide”, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., vol. 237, 1993, pp. 487-490.
[9]	S. Ujiie and K. Iimura, “Thermal Properties and Orientational Behavior of Nematic Comb-Like Polyether”, Polym. J., vol. 24, 1992, pp. 427-431.
[10]	S. Ujiie, Y. Tanaka, and K. Iimura, “Thermal and Liquid Crystalline Properties of Liquid Crystalline Polymethacrylates with Ammonium Units and their Non-ionic Family”, Polym. Adv. Technol., vol.11, 2000, pp. 450-455.
[11]	H. Stevens, G. Rehage, and H. Finkelmann, “Phase Transformations of Liquid Crystalline Side-Chain Oligomers”, Macromolecules, vol.17, 1984, pp. 851-856.
[12]	C. B. McArdle, Ed. Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers, New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989, pp. 54-56.
[13]	S. Ujiie, G. Shimada, and M. Nata, “New Reactive Liquid-Crystalline Poly(aminourethane)s and Their Metal-Complexed Family”, Chem. Lett., in press.
[14]	F.-S. Yen, L.-L. Lin, and J.-L. Hong, “Hydrogen-Bond Interactions between Urethane-Urethane and Urethane-Ester Linkages in a Liquid Crystalline Poly(ester-urethane)”, Macromolecules, vol. 32, 1999, pp. 3068-3079.
[15]	L. Frang, H. Zhang, Z. Li, Y. Zhang, and H. Zhang, “Synthesis of Reactive Azobenzene Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers via Michael Addition Polymerization and Photomechanical Effects of Their Supramolecular Hydrogen-Bonded Fibers”, Macromolecules, vol. 46, 2013, pp. 7650-7660.
[16]	A. Martinez-Felipe, C. T. Imrie, and A. Ribes-Greus, “Study of Formation in Side-Chain Liquid Crystal Copolymers by Variable Temperature Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 52, 2013, pp. 8714-8721.

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APA Style

Genichiro Shimada, Masanori Nata, Shiori Tomitaka, Seiji Ujiie. (2015). Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Advances in Materials, 3(6), 89-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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ACS Style

Genichiro Shimada; Masanori Nata; Shiori Tomitaka; Seiji Ujiie. Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Adv. Mater. 2015, 3(6), 89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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AMA Style

Genichiro Shimada, Masanori Nata, Shiori Tomitaka, Seiji Ujiie. Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Adv Mater. 2015;3(6):89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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@article{10.11648/j.am.20140306.14,
  author = {Genichiro Shimada and Masanori Nata and Shiori Tomitaka and Seiji Ujiie},
  title = {Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {89-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20140306.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20140306.14},
  abstract = {Liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides with mesogenic side-chains were synthesized by the radical polymerization of a mesogenic acrylamide derivative. Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-variable IR, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides containing secondary amide groups formed smectic A and smectic B phases during heating and cooling processes. The glass-smectic B, smectic B-A, and smectic A-isotropic phase transition temperatures increased with increasing molecular weight. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide showed higher phase transition temperatures than a liquid-crystalline polyacrylate, in which the secondary amide group was replaced with an ester group. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a smectic B-oriented sample of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide consisted of sharp inner and very sharp outer reflections. The very sharp reflection in the wide-angle region of the X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the formation of hexatic packing within the layer. The relationship between the layer distance and the extended mesogenic side-chain length suggested that the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide formed an interdigitated bilayer structure. The IR spectra of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide exhibited that the number of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups decreased with increasing temperature. In the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide, smectic A and smectic B phases, with enhanced thermal stability, were formed through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups
AU  - Genichiro Shimada
AU  - Masanori Nata
AU  - Shiori Tomitaka
AU  - Seiji Ujiie
Y1  - 2015/01/06
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 89
EP  - 93
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
AB  - Liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides with mesogenic side-chains were synthesized by the radical polymerization of a mesogenic acrylamide derivative. Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-variable IR, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides containing secondary amide groups formed smectic A and smectic B phases during heating and cooling processes. The glass-smectic B, smectic B-A, and smectic A-isotropic phase transition temperatures increased with increasing molecular weight. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide showed higher phase transition temperatures than a liquid-crystalline polyacrylate, in which the secondary amide group was replaced with an ester group. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a smectic B-oriented sample of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide consisted of sharp inner and very sharp outer reflections. The very sharp reflection in the wide-angle region of the X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the formation of hexatic packing within the layer. The relationship between the layer distance and the extended mesogenic side-chain length suggested that the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide formed an interdigitated bilayer structure. The IR spectra of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide exhibited that the number of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups decreased with increasing temperature. In the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide, smectic A and smectic B phases, with enhanced thermal stability, were formed through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Genichiro Shimada

Division of Materials Science and Production Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Oita University, Oita 870-1192, Japan
Masanori Nata

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Oita University, Oita 870-1192, Japan
Shiori Tomitaka

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Oita University, Oita 870-1192, Japan
Seiji Ujiie

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Oita University, Oita 870-1192, Japan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Genichiro Shimada, Masanori Nata, Shiori Tomitaka, Seiji Ujiie. (2015). Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Advances in Materials, 3(6), 89-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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ACS Style

Genichiro Shimada; Masanori Nata; Shiori Tomitaka; Seiji Ujiie. Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Adv. Mater. 2015, 3(6), 89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

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AMA Style

Genichiro Shimada, Masanori Nata, Shiori Tomitaka, Seiji Ujiie. Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups. Adv Mater. 2015;3(6):89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.am.20140306.14,
  author = {Genichiro Shimada and Masanori Nata and Shiori Tomitaka and Seiji Ujiie},
  title = {Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups},
  journal = {Advances in Materials},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {89-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.am.20140306.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.am.20140306.14},
  abstract = {Liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides with mesogenic side-chains were synthesized by the radical polymerization of a mesogenic acrylamide derivative. Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-variable IR, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides containing secondary amide groups formed smectic A and smectic B phases during heating and cooling processes. The glass-smectic B, smectic B-A, and smectic A-isotropic phase transition temperatures increased with increasing molecular weight. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide showed higher phase transition temperatures than a liquid-crystalline polyacrylate, in which the secondary amide group was replaced with an ester group. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a smectic B-oriented sample of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide consisted of sharp inner and very sharp outer reflections. The very sharp reflection in the wide-angle region of the X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the formation of hexatic packing within the layer. The relationship between the layer distance and the extended mesogenic side-chain length suggested that the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide formed an interdigitated bilayer structure. The IR spectra of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide exhibited that the number of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups decreased with increasing temperature. In the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide, smectic A and smectic B phases, with enhanced thermal stability, were formed through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Orientational Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Polymers with Amide Groups
AU  - Genichiro Shimada
AU  - Masanori Nata
AU  - Shiori Tomitaka
AU  - Seiji Ujiie
Y1  - 2015/01/06
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
T2  - Advances in Materials
JF  - Advances in Materials
JO  - Advances in Materials
SP  - 89
EP  - 93
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-252X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.am.20140306.14
AB  - Liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides with mesogenic side-chains were synthesized by the radical polymerization of a mesogenic acrylamide derivative. Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, temperature-variable IR, and X-ray diffraction measurements. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamides containing secondary amide groups formed smectic A and smectic B phases during heating and cooling processes. The glass-smectic B, smectic B-A, and smectic A-isotropic phase transition temperatures increased with increasing molecular weight. The liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide showed higher phase transition temperatures than a liquid-crystalline polyacrylate, in which the secondary amide group was replaced with an ester group. The X-ray diffraction pattern of a smectic B-oriented sample of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide consisted of sharp inner and very sharp outer reflections. The very sharp reflection in the wide-angle region of the X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the formation of hexatic packing within the layer. The relationship between the layer distance and the extended mesogenic side-chain length suggested that the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide formed an interdigitated bilayer structure. The IR spectra of the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide exhibited that the number of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups decreased with increasing temperature. In the liquid-crystalline polyacrylamide, smectic A and smectic B phases, with enhanced thermal stability, were formed through the formation of hydrogen bonds between the secondary amide groups.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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