American Journal of Physical Chemistry

| Peer-Reviewed |

Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid

Received: 15 January 2016    Accepted: 23 January 2016    Published: 04 February 2016
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

The kinetics of oxidation of N, N-dimethyl-N’-(pyridin-2-yl) formamidine (Py-F) by cerium(IV) was studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous perchloric acid solutions at a constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm-3 and at 20°C. The reaction showed first order dependence with respect to [Ce(IV)] and less than unit order with respect to [Py-F]. The reaction exhibited negative fractional-first order kinetics with respect to [H+]. The rate of reaction was not significantly affected by variation of either ionic strength or dielectric constant of the reaction medium. Addition of cerium(III) product did not affect the reaction rate. A suitable mechanistic scheme for the oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products were identified as 2-aminopyridine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The activation parameters have been evaluated and discussed. The rate law associated with the reaction mechanism was derived.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12
Published in American Journal of Physical Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016)
Page(s) 10-16
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Kinetics, Mechanism, Oxidation, Pyridine Derivative, Cerium(IV)

References
[1] Beeman RW, Matsumura F (1973) Chlordimeform: a pesticide acting upon amine regulatory mechanisms. Nature. 242: 273-274.
[2] Aziz AA, Knowles CO (1973) Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by the pesticides chlordimeform and related compounds. Nature 242: 417-418.
[3] Leung VSK, Chan TYK, Yeung VTF (1999) Ami-traz poisoning in humans, Clinical Toxicol. 37: 513-514.
[4] Nakayama A, Sukekawa M, Eguchi Y (1997) Stereo-chemistry and active conformation of a novel insecticide Acetamiprid. Pesticide Sci. 51: 157-164.
[5] Fawzy A (2016) Oxidation of alginate and pectate biopolymers by cerium(IV) in perchloric and sulfuric acid solutions: A comparative kinetic and mechanistic study, Carbohydr. Polym. 138: 356-364.
[6] Mathur S, Yadav MB, Devra V (2013) Kinetics and mechanism of uncatalyzed and Ag(I) catalyzed oxidation of hydroxylysine by cerium (IV) in acid medium. J. Phys. Chem. Biophys. 3: 5-12.
[7] Mathur S, Yadav MB, Devra V (2015) Kinetics and mechanism of uncatalyzed and Ag(I) catalyzed oxidation of serine by cerium(IV) in acid medium. Int. J. Res. Phys. Chem. 5: 1-6.
[8] Thabaj KA, Chimatadar SA, Nandibewoor ST (2006) Mechanistic study of oxidation of palladium(II) by cerium(IV) in aqueous acid. Transition Met. Chem. 31: 186-193.
[9] Bolattin M, Meti M, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA (2015) Catalytic activity of ruthenium(III) and thermodynamic study of oxidative degradation of chloramphenicol by cerium(IV) in sulfuric acid medium. J. Solution Chem.44: 152-169.
[10] Hosahalli RV, Savanur AP, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA (2010) Ruthenium(III)-mediated oxidation of D-mannitol by cerium(IV) in aqueous sulfuric acid medium: A kinetic and mechanistic approach. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 42: 440-452.
[11] Das A. K, Islam M, Bayen R (2008) Studies on kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of D-sorbitol and D-mannitol by cerium(IV) in aqueous micellar sulfuric acid media. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 40: 445–453.
[12] Adari KK, Nowduri A, Parvataneni V (2008) Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of L-cystine by cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid medium. Acta Chim. Slov. 55: 425–429.
[13] Sumathi T, Shanmugasundaram P, Chandramohan G (2011) A kinetic and mechanistic study on the silver(I) catalyzed oxidation of L-Serine by cerium(IV) in sulfuric acid medium. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. in press.
[14] Hassan RM, Alaraifi A, Fawzy A, Zaafarany IA, Khairou KS, Ikeda Y, Takagi HD (2010) Acid-catalyzed oxidation of some sulfated polysaccharides. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of kappa-carrageenan by cerium(IV) in aqueous perchlorate solutions. J. Mol. Cat. A, 332: 138–144.
[15] Naik DV, Byadagi KS, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA (2013) Kinetics and mechanistic study of manganese(II)-catalyzed cerium(IV) oxidation of thiamine hydrochloride in aqueous perchloric acid medium by stopped flow technique, Monatshefte für Chemie 144: 1307-1317.
[16] Byadagi KS, Naik DV, Savanur AP, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA (2010) Ruthenium(III) mediated oxidation of thiamine hydrochloride by cerium(IV) in perchloric acid medium: a kinetic and mechanistic approach. React. Kinet. Mech. Catal. 99: 53-61.
[17] Jattinagoudar LN, Byadagi KS, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA (2015) Kinetics and mechanism of cerium(IV) oxidation of fosfomycin disodium salt: an antibiotic drug in acid perchlorate solutions. Org. Nano Met. Chem. 45: 1138-1144.
[18] Khan F, Kushwaha U, Singh AK (2012) A mechanistic study based on kinetics of the oxidation of diethyl ketone by Ir(III) chloride in aqueous perchloric acid medium when cerium(IV) perchlorate is used as a catalyst. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 4: 3715-3726.
[19] Yadav MB, Derva V, Rani A (2009) Kinetics and mechanism of uncatalyzed and silver(I) catalyzed oxidation of lysine by cerium(IV) in acid perchlorate medium. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 86: 600-604.
[20] Datt N, Nagori RR, Mehrotra RN (1986) Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidations by metal ions. Part VI. Oxidation of α-hydroxy acids by cerium(IV) in aqueous nitric acid. Can. J. Chem. 64: 19-23.
[21] Fawzy A, Shaaban MR (2014) Kinetic and mechanistic investigations on the oxidation of N’-heteroaryl unsymmetrical formamidines by permanganate in aqueous alkaline medium. Transition Met. Chem. 39: 379-386.
[22] Hardwick TJ, Robertson E (1951) Ionic species in ceric perchlorate solutions. Can. J. Chem. 29: 818-828.
[23] Vogel AI (1973) Text book of practical organic chemistry including quantitative organic analysis, 3rd edn, 332 pp. ELBS, Longman.
[24] Feigl F (1975) Spot tests in organic analysis, 195 pp. Elsevier, New York.
[25] Sherill MS, King CB, Spooner RC (1943) The oxidation potential of cerous-ceric perchlorates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 65: 170-179.
[26] Heidt LJ, Smith ME (1948) Quantum yields of the photochemical reduction of ceric ions by water and evidence for the dimerization of ceric ions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70: 2476-2481.
[27] King EL, Pandow ML (1952) The spectra of cerium(IV) in perchloric acid. Evidence for polymeric species. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74: 1966-1969.
[28] Offner HG, Skoog DA (1966) Hydrolysis constant of quadrivalent cerium from spectrometric measurements. Anal. Chem. 38: 1520-1521.
[29] Chimatadar SA, Madawale SV, Nandibewoor ST (2007) Mechanistic study of iodide catalysed oxidation of L-glutamic acid by cerium(IV) in aqueous sulphuric acid medium. Transition Met. Chem. 32: 634-641.
[30] Leal JM, Domingo PL, Garcla B, Ibeas S (1993) Alkali metal ion catalysis of the oxidation of L-ascorbic acid by hexacyanoferrate(III) in strongly acidic media. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 89: 3571–3577.
[31] Frost AA, Person RG (1973) Kinetics and mechanism, 147 pp. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.
[32] Amis ES (1966) Solvent effect on reaction rates and mechanism, pp. 28, Academic Press, New York.
[33] Michaelis L, Menten ML (1913) The kinetics of invertase action. Biochem. Z. 49: 333–369.
[34] Fawzy A (2015) Kinetics and mechanistic approach to the oxidative behavior of biological anticancer platinum(IV) complex towards L-asparagine in acid medium and the effect of copper(II) catalyst. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 47: 1-12.
[35] Freeman F, Fuselier CO, Armstead CR, Dalton CE, Davidson PA, Karchesfski EM, Krochman DE, Johnson MN, Jones NK. (1981) Permanganate ion oxidations. 13. Soluble manganese(IV) species in the oxidation of 2, 4 (1H, 3H)-pyrimidinediones (uracils). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103: 1154–1159.
[36] Hicks KW, Toppen DL, Linck RG (1972) Inner-sphere electron-transfer reactions of vanadium(II) with azidoamine complexes of cobalt(III). Inorg. Chem. 11: 310-315.
[37] Walling C (1957) Free radical in solutions, (pp. 38). New York: Academic Press.
Author Information
  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

  • Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq A. Zaafarany, Fahd A. Tirkistani, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten A. Aljiffrey. (2016). Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 5(1), 10-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq A. Zaafarany; Fahd A. Tirkistani; Ameena Al-Bonayan; Faten A. Aljiffrey. Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid. Am. J. Phys. Chem. 2016, 5(1), 10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq A. Zaafarany, Fahd A. Tirkistani, Ameena Al-Bonayan, Faten A. Aljiffrey. Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid. Am J Phys Chem. 2016;5(1):10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12,
      author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Ishaq A. Zaafarany and Fahd A. Tirkistani and Ameena Al-Bonayan and Faten A. Aljiffrey},
      title = {Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid},
      journal = {American Journal of Physical Chemistry},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {10-16},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpc.20160501.12},
      abstract = {The kinetics of oxidation of N, N-dimethyl-N’-(pyridin-2-yl) formamidine (Py-F) by cerium(IV) was studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous perchloric acid solutions at a constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm-3 and at 20°C. The reaction showed first order dependence with respect to [Ce(IV)] and less than unit order with respect to [Py-F]. The reaction exhibited negative fractional-first order kinetics with respect to [H+]. The rate of reaction was not significantly affected by variation of either ionic strength or dielectric constant of the reaction medium. Addition of cerium(III) product did not affect the reaction rate. A suitable mechanistic scheme for the oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products were identified as 2-aminopyridine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The activation parameters have been evaluated and discussed. The rate law associated with the reaction mechanism was derived.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Oxidation of Pyridine Derivative by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid
    AU  - Ahmed Fawzy
    AU  - Ishaq A. Zaafarany
    AU  - Fahd A. Tirkistani
    AU  - Ameena Al-Bonayan
    AU  - Faten A. Aljiffrey
    Y1  - 2016/02/04
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12
    T2  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Physical Chemistry
    SP  - 10
    EP  - 16
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2449
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpc.20160501.12
    AB  - The kinetics of oxidation of N, N-dimethyl-N’-(pyridin-2-yl) formamidine (Py-F) by cerium(IV) was studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous perchloric acid solutions at a constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm-3 and at 20°C. The reaction showed first order dependence with respect to [Ce(IV)] and less than unit order with respect to [Py-F]. The reaction exhibited negative fractional-first order kinetics with respect to [H+]. The rate of reaction was not significantly affected by variation of either ionic strength or dielectric constant of the reaction medium. Addition of cerium(III) product did not affect the reaction rate. A suitable mechanistic scheme for the oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products were identified as 2-aminopyridine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The activation parameters have been evaluated and discussed. The rate law associated with the reaction mechanism was derived.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections