This study was aimed at investigating the synthesis and characterization of vinyl acetate grafted on Industrial Cellulose. Vinyl acetate monomer was grafted onto Industrial cellulose using benzoyl peroxide as initiator at varied temperatures. The Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was orange in colour. The effect of initiator concentration, monomer concentration and temperature on percentage grafting and grafting efficiency of the product was determined. Both percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with initiator concentration and monomer concentration for the industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with temperature from 60°C – 70°C then decreased after 70°C for the sample. The graft copolymer was analyzed and characterized using various tests, which included Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometer, physico-mechanical tests which were, hardness test with durometer shore hardness tester, density with Monsanto Densitron 2000, softening point tester with HDT/Vicat Test Station. Moreover, adsorption studies of bromothymol blue onto the sample was done with Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The results of the FTIR confirmed the presence of O-H of alcohol (3404 cm-1), C=O of esters (1645 cm-1), N-H of protein (2272 cm-1), C-H of methyl and methylene (2933 cm-1), and C-O of esters (1122 cm-1) in the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The result of the hardness showed that the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was 87D, the density was 0.95mg/m3, and the softening point was 115°C - 135°C. The percentage of bromothymol blue removed from aqueous solution was 72.4% for industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The rate constants for the Industrial graft copolymer was determined using pseudo first order kinetics and it gave 3.59 x 10-2 min-1. The research showed that Industrial cellulose-g-poly(Vinyl acetate) could be used in the adsorption of bromothymol blue (dye) in aqueous solution.
| Published in | Science Journal of Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14 |
| Page(s) | 66-71 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Industrial Cellulose-g-Poly(Vinyl Acetate), Industrial Cellulose, Graft Copolymer
| [1] | Bhattacharya, A., Misra, B. N. (2004). Grafting: a versatile means to modify polymers techniques, factors and applications. Program Polymer Science, 29: 767–814. |
| [2] | Gómez, V., Larrechi, M., Callao M. (2007). Kinetic and adsorption study of acid dye removal using activated carbon, Chemosphere, 69: 1151–1158. |
| [3] | Gupta, K. C., Sahoo, S., and Khandekar, K. (2002). Graft copolymerization of ethyl acrylate onto cellulose using ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator in aqueous medium. Bio-macromolecules, 3 (5): 1087-1094. |
| [4] | Gurgel, L. V. A., Junior, O. K., Gil L. F. (2008). Adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) From aqueous single metal solutions by cellulose and mercerized cellulose chemically Modified with succinic anhydride. Bio-resources Technology, 99: 3077-3083. |
| [5] | Ibrahim, M. M., Flefel, E. M., El-Zawawy, W. K. (2002). Cellulose membranes grafted with vinyl Monomers in a homogeneous system. Polymer Advance Technology, 13: 548–557. |
| [6] | Othmer, K. (2004). Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4thed. Wiley and Sons Inc, New York, 5: 236-246. |
| [7] | Patil, S., Renukdas, S., Patel, N. (2012). Kinetic and thermodynamic study of removal of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solutions using low cost adsorbents. International journal of environmental sciences, 3 (1): 322-326. |
| [8] | Roy, D., Guthrie, J. T., Perrier, S. (2005). Graft polymerization: grafting poly(styrene) from cellulose via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Macromolecules, 38: 10363–10372. |
| [9] | Singh, J, Kaur, R, Khare, R. (2013). Batch Sorption Dynamics, Kinetics and equilibrium studies of Cr(IV), Ni(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous phase using agricultural residues. Applied Water science, 3 (1): 207. |
| [10] | Singha, A. S., Rana, A. K. (2012). Effect of surface modification of Grewia optiva fibres on their physico-chemical and thermal properties. Journal Material Science, 35: 1099-1110. |
| [11] | Liu, L., Liao, Q., Xie, J., Qian, Z., Zhu, W., Chen, X., Su, X., Meng, R., Yao, J. (2016). Synthetic control of three‐dimensional porous cellulose‐based bio-adsorbents: Correlation between structural feature and metal ion removal capability. Cellulose, 23: 3819–3835. |
| [12] | Ren, H. X., Gao, Z. M., Wu, D. J., Jiang, J. H., Sun, Y. M., Luo, C. W. (2016). Efficient Pb(II) removal using sodium alginate‐carboxymethyl cellulose gel beads: Preparation, characterization, and adsorption mechanism. Carbohydrate Polymer, 137: 402–409 |
| [13] | Yadav, M., Chiu, F. C. (2019). Cellulose nanocrystals reinforced κ carrageenan based UV resistant transparent bio-nanocomposite films for sustainable packaging applications. Carbohydrate Polymer, 211: 181–194. |
| [14] | Liu, S., Zhang, Y., Jiang, H., Wang, X., Zhang, T., Yao, Y. (2018). High CO2 adsorption by amino-modified bio-spherical cel-lulose nanofibres aerogels. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 16: 605–614 |
| [15] | Zhang, M., Li, Y., Yang, Q. L., Huang, L. L., Chen, L. H., Ni, Y. H., Xiao, H. N. (2018). Temperature and pH responsive cellulose filament/poly(NIPAM‐coAAc) hybrids as novel adsorbent towards Pb(II) removal. Carbohydrate Polymer, 195: 495–504. |
APA Style
Chiagozie Michael Ekwunife, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe, Collins Chibuzor Odidika, Uchenna Emmanuel Amalu. (2020). Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate Grafted onto Industrial Cellulose. Science Journal of Chemistry, 8(3), 66-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14
ACS Style
Chiagozie Michael Ekwunife; Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe; Collins Chibuzor Odidika; Uchenna Emmanuel Amalu. Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate Grafted onto Industrial Cellulose. Sci. J. Chem. 2020, 8(3), 66-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14
AMA Style
Chiagozie Michael Ekwunife, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe, Collins Chibuzor Odidika, Uchenna Emmanuel Amalu. Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate Grafted onto Industrial Cellulose. Sci J Chem. 2020;8(3):66-71. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14,
author = {Chiagozie Michael Ekwunife and Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe and Collins Chibuzor Odidika and Uchenna Emmanuel Amalu},
title = {Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate Grafted onto Industrial Cellulose},
journal = {Science Journal of Chemistry},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {66-71},
doi = {10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjc.20200803.14},
abstract = {This study was aimed at investigating the synthesis and characterization of vinyl acetate grafted on Industrial Cellulose. Vinyl acetate monomer was grafted onto Industrial cellulose using benzoyl peroxide as initiator at varied temperatures. The Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was orange in colour. The effect of initiator concentration, monomer concentration and temperature on percentage grafting and grafting efficiency of the product was determined. Both percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with initiator concentration and monomer concentration for the industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with temperature from 60°C – 70°C then decreased after 70°C for the sample. The graft copolymer was analyzed and characterized using various tests, which included Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometer, physico-mechanical tests which were, hardness test with durometer shore hardness tester, density with Monsanto Densitron 2000, softening point tester with HDT/Vicat Test Station. Moreover, adsorption studies of bromothymol blue onto the sample was done with Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The results of the FTIR confirmed the presence of O-H of alcohol (3404 cm-1), C=O of esters (1645 cm-1), N-H of protein (2272 cm-1), C-H of methyl and methylene (2933 cm-1), and C-O of esters (1122 cm-1) in the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The result of the hardness showed that the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was 87D, the density was 0.95mg/m3, and the softening point was 115°C - 135°C. The percentage of bromothymol blue removed from aqueous solution was 72.4% for industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The rate constants for the Industrial graft copolymer was determined using pseudo first order kinetics and it gave 3.59 x 10-2 min-1. The research showed that Industrial cellulose-g-poly(Vinyl acetate) could be used in the adsorption of bromothymol blue (dye) in aqueous solution.},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate Grafted onto Industrial Cellulose AU - Chiagozie Michael Ekwunife AU - Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe AU - Collins Chibuzor Odidika AU - Uchenna Emmanuel Amalu Y1 - 2020/06/23 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14 DO - 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14 T2 - Science Journal of Chemistry JF - Science Journal of Chemistry JO - Science Journal of Chemistry SP - 66 EP - 71 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-099X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.14 AB - This study was aimed at investigating the synthesis and characterization of vinyl acetate grafted on Industrial Cellulose. Vinyl acetate monomer was grafted onto Industrial cellulose using benzoyl peroxide as initiator at varied temperatures. The Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was orange in colour. The effect of initiator concentration, monomer concentration and temperature on percentage grafting and grafting efficiency of the product was determined. Both percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with initiator concentration and monomer concentration for the industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The percentage grafting and grafting efficiency increased with temperature from 60°C – 70°C then decreased after 70°C for the sample. The graft copolymer was analyzed and characterized using various tests, which included Fourier transformed infrared spectrophotometer, physico-mechanical tests which were, hardness test with durometer shore hardness tester, density with Monsanto Densitron 2000, softening point tester with HDT/Vicat Test Station. Moreover, adsorption studies of bromothymol blue onto the sample was done with Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The results of the FTIR confirmed the presence of O-H of alcohol (3404 cm-1), C=O of esters (1645 cm-1), N-H of protein (2272 cm-1), C-H of methyl and methylene (2933 cm-1), and C-O of esters (1122 cm-1) in the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The result of the hardness showed that the Industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate) was 87D, the density was 0.95mg/m3, and the softening point was 115°C - 135°C. The percentage of bromothymol blue removed from aqueous solution was 72.4% for industrial cellulose-g-poly(vinyl acetate). The rate constants for the Industrial graft copolymer was determined using pseudo first order kinetics and it gave 3.59 x 10-2 min-1. The research showed that Industrial cellulose-g-poly(Vinyl acetate) could be used in the adsorption of bromothymol blue (dye) in aqueous solution. VL - 8 IS - 3 ER -
Information
Email: