| Peer-Reviewed

Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics

Received: 13 January 2016    Accepted: 14 January 2016    Published: 1 June 2016
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

In order to render this paper minimally self-sufficient, we review and specialize the main structure of the isomathematics to nuclear constituents as extended and deformable charge distributions under linear and non-linear, local and non-local and Hamiltonian as well non-Hamiltonian interactions; we then review and specialize for the nuclear structure the main laws of the isotopic branch of hadronic mechanics known as isomechanics; we review and specialize the method for turning quantum mechanical nuclear models for point-like nucleons into covering isomechanical models for extended and deformable constituents under the most general known realization of strong interactions; we then review and specialize to nuclear structures the consequential notion of isoparticles; we then review the ensuing, first known, numerically exact and time invariant representation of the magnetic moments of stable nuclides; we then review the structure of the neutron as a bound state according to isomechanics of an isoproton and an isoelectron; and we finally review the ensuing three-body structure of the Deuteron. Via the use of the preceding advances. We then present, apparently for the first time, a numerically exact and time invariant representation of the spin of stable nuclides, firstly, via their approximation as isotopic bound states of isodeuterons, isoneutron and isoprotons, and secondly, via their reduction to isobound states of isoprotons and isoelectrons. Some observations on the nuclear configurations so obtained have also been presented in the case of the first model and in view of the second option we have identified in isoelectrons the nuclear glue which tightly holds isonucleons of stable nuclide in the atomic nucleus in the preferred orientation of their intrinsic spins. In Appendix A, we provide a technical review specialized for the first time to nuclear physics of the Lie-Santilli theory and its main application to the notion of isoparticles as isoirreducible isounitary isorepresentations of the Lorentz-Poincaré-Santilli isosymmetry.

Published in American Journal of Modern Physics (Volume 5, Issue 2-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Issue II: Foundations of Hadronic Mechanics

DOI 10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15
Page(s) 56-118
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hadronic Mechanics, Nuclear Magnetic Moments, Nuclear Spins

References
[1] E. Fermi, Nuclear Physics, Chicago University Press (1948). See also, E. Fermi, Elementary Particles, Yale University Press, 2012 edition, Foreword by T. Appelquist.
[2] A. Einstein, B. Podolsky, N. Rosen - Physical review, 1935.
[3] R. M. Santilli, Foundation of Theoretical Mechanics, Volumes I (1978) [3a], and Volume II (1982) [3b], Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-209.pdf http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/santilli-69.pdf.
[4] R. M. Santilli, "Isonumbers and Genonumbers of Dimensions 1, 2, 4, 8, their Isoduals and Pseudoduals, and "Hidden Numbers" of Dimension 3, 5, 6, 7," Algebras, Groups and Geometries Vol. 10, 273 (1993). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-34.pdf.
[5] R. M. Santilli, Isotopies of contemporary mathematical structures, I: Isotopies of fields, vector spaces, transformation theory, Lie Algebras, analytic mechanics and space-time symmetries, Algebras, Groups and Geometries 8 (1991), 266.
[6] R. M. Santilli, Isotopies of contemporary mathematical structures, II: Isotopies of symplectic geometry, affine geometry, Riemannian geometry and Einstein gravitation, Algebras, Groups and Geometries 8 (1991), 275-390.
[7] R. M. Santilli, "Nonlocal-Integral Isotopies of Differential Calculus, Mechanics and Geometries," in Isotopies of Contemporary Mathematical Structures, P. Vetro Editor, Rendiconti Circolo Matematico Palermo, Suppl. Vol. 42, 7-82 (1996). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-37.pdf.
[8] Chun-Xuan Jiang, Foundations of Santilli Isonumber Theory, International Academic Press (2001), http://www.i-b-r.org/docs/jiang.pdf.
[9] Raul M. Falcon Ganfornina and Juan Nunez Valdes, Fundamentos de la Isdotopia de Santilli, International Academic Press (2001), http://www.i-b-r.org/docs/spanish.pdf. English translations Algebras, Groups and Geometries Vol. 32, pages 135-308 (2015), http://www.i-b-r.org/docs/Aversa-translation.pdf.
[10] Raul M. Falcón Ganfornina and Juan Núñez Valdes, “Studies on the Tsagas-Sourlas-Santilli Isotopology," Algebras, Groups and Geometries Vol. 20, 1 (2003), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/isotopologia.pdf.
[11] S. Georgiev, Foundations of the IsoDifferential Calculus, Volumes, I, II, III, IV and V, Nova Scientific Publisher (2015 on).
[12] R. M. Santilli, ”Isotopies of Lie Symmetries," I (basic theory) and II (isotopies of the rotational symmetry), Hadronic J. Vol. 8, 36 and 85 (1985), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/santilli-65.pdf.
[13] R. M. Santilli, "Isotopic Lifting of the SU(2) Symmetry with Applications to Nuclear Physics," JINR rapid Comm. Vol. 6. 24-38 (1993), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-19.pdf.
[14] R. M. Santilli, "Isorepresentation of the Lie-isotopic SU(2) Algebra with Application to Nuclear Physics and Local Realism," Acta Applicandae Mathematicae Vol. 50, 177 (1998), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-27.pdf.
[15] R. M. Santilli, "Lie-isotopic Lifting of Special Relativity for Extended Deformable Particles," Lettere Nuovo Cimento 37, 545 (1983), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-50.pdf.
[16] R. M. Santilli, "Lie-isotopic Lifting of Unitary Symmetries and of Wigner’s Theorem for Extended and Deformable Particles," Lettere Nuovo Cimento Vol. 38, 509 (1983), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-51.pdf.
[17] R. M. Santilli, "Nonlinear, Nonlocal and Noncanonical Isotopies of the Poincare’ Symmetry," Moscow Phys. Soc. Vol. 3, 255 (1993), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-40.pdf.
[18] R. M. Santilli, "Recent theoretical and experimental evidence on the synthesis of the neutron," Communication of the JINR, Dubna, Russia, No. E4-93-252 (1993), published in the Chinese J. System Eng. and Electr. Vol. 6, 177 (1995), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-18.pdf.
[19] R. M. Santilli, "Isominkowskian Geometry for the Gravitational Treatment of Matter and its Isodual for Antimatter," Intern. J. Modern Phys. D 7, 351 (1998), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-35.pdf.
[20] R. M. Santilli, “The notion of nonrelativistic isoparticle," ICTP preprint IC/91/265 (1991) http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-145.pdf.
[21] R. M. Santilli, Isotopic Generalizations of Galilei and Einstein Relativities, Vols. I [14a] and II [14b] (1991), International Academic Press. http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-01.pdf. http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-61.pdf.
[22] R. M. Santilli, Elements of Hadronic Mechanics, Vol. I and Vol. II (1995) [15b], Academy of Sciences, Kiev, http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-300.pdf. http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-301.pdf.
[23] R. M. Santilli, Hadronic Mathematics, Mechanics and Chemistry,, Volumes I to V, International Academic Press, (2008), http://www.i-b-r.org/Hadronic-Mechanics.htm.
[24] D. S. Sourlas and G. T. Tsagas, Mathematical Foundation of the Lie-Santilli Theory, Ukraine Academy of Sciences (1993), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/santilli-70.pdf.
[25] J. V. Kadeisvili, ”An introduction to the Lie-Santilli isotopic theory," Mathematical Methods in Applied Sciences 19, 1349 (1996), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-30.pdf.
[26] S. Georgiev, “Elements of Santilli’s Lie - Isotopic Time Evolution Theory," in press at Applied Physics and Mathematics (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/IsoLie1.pdf.
[27] R. Anderson, “Comments on the Regular and Irregular IsoRepresentations of the Lie-Santilli IsoAlgebras," invited paper, in press American Journal of Modern Physics (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Lie-Santilli-IsoTheory-2015.pdf.
[28] J. V. Kadeisvili, Santilli’s Isotopies of Contemporary Algebras, Geometries and Relativities, Ukraine Academy of Sciences, Second edition (1997), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-60.pdf.
[29] R. Anderson, Outline of Hadronic Mathematics, Mechanics and Chemistry as Conceived by R. M. Santilli In press at a refereed journal (2015)). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/hadronic-math-mec-chem.pdf.
[30] A. K. Aringazin, "Studies on the Lie-Santilli IsoTheory with Unit of general Form," Algebras, Groups and Geometries 28, 299 (2011), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Aringazin-2012.pdf.
[31] J. V. Kadeisvili, Advances in the Lie-Santilli IsoTheory, invited keynote lecture. http://www.world-lecture-series.org/invited-2014-keynote-lectures.
[32] A. K. Aringazin and K. M. Aringazin, "Universality of Santilli’s iso-Minkowskian geometry" in Frontiers of Fundamental Physics, M. Barone and F. Selleri, Editors, Plenum (1995), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-29.pdf.
[33] I. Gandzha and J. Kadeisvili, New Sciences for a New Era: Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Discoveries of Ruggero Maria Santilli, Sankata Printing Press, Nepal (2011), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/RMS.pdf
[34] H. C. Myung and R. M. Santilli, "Modular-isotopic Hilbert space formulation of the exterior strong problem," Hadronic Journal 5, 1277-1366 (1982). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-201.pdf.
[35] M. Nishioka, “Expansion of the Dirac-Myungf-Santilli Delta Function to Field Theory,"Lettere Nuovo Cimento Vol. 39, pages 369-372 (1984), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-202.pdf.
[36] R. M. Santilli, “Nuclear realization of hadronic mechanics and the exact representation of nuclear magnetic moments,’ R. M. Santilli, Intern. J. of Phys. Vol. 4, 1-70 (1998). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-07.pdf.
[37] R. M. Santilli, "Lie-admissible invariant representation of irreversibility for matter and antimatter at the classical and operator levels," Nuovo Cimento B 121, 443 (2006), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs//Lie-admiss-NCB-I.pdf.
[38] R. M. Santilli, “Compatibility of Arbitrary Speeds with Special Relativity Axioms for Interior Dynamical Problems." American Journal of Modern Physics, in press (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/superluminal-speeds.pdf.
[39] R. M. Santilli, “A quantitative isotopic representation of the deuteron magnetic moment," in Proceedings of the International Symposium ’Dubna Deuteron-93, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia (1994), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-134.pdf.
[40] R. M. Santilli, “The notion of non-relativistic isoparticle," ICTP preprint IC/91/265 (1991) http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-145.pdf.
[41] R. M. Santilli, “Nonlocal formulation of the Bose-Einstein correlation within the context of hadronic mechanics," Hadronic J. 15, 1-50 and 81-133 (1992), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-116.pdf.
[42] F. Cardone and R. Mignani, “Nonlocal approach to the Bose-Einstein correlation, Euop. Phys. J. C 4, 705 (1998). see also “Metric description of hadronic interactions rom the Bose-Einstein correlation," JETP Vol. 83, p.435 (1996). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-130.pdf.
[43] R. M. Santilli, “Relativistic hadronic mechanics: non-unitary axiom-preserving completion of quantum mechanics" Foundations of Physics Vol. 27, p.625-739 (1997) http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-15.pdf.
[44] C. S. Burande, “Study of Bose-Einstein Correlation Within the Framework of Hadronic Mechanics," International Journal of Modern Physics, in press (2015), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/122014002(3).pdf.
[45] H. Rauch et A. Zeilinger, “Demonstration of SU(2) symmetry by neutron interferometers," in the Proceedings of the 1981 Third Workshop on Lie-Admissible Formulations, Hadronic J., 4, 1280 (1981).
[46] G. Eder, Hadronic J. 4, 634 (1981).
[47] R. M. Santilli, “Experimental, theoretical and mathematical elements for a possible Lie-admissible generalization of the notion of particle under strong interactions," Hadronic J. 4, p. 1166-1258 (1981).
[48] R. M. Santilli, Ethical Probe of Einstein Followers in the U. S. A., Alpha Publishing, Nonantum, MA (1984). http://www.scientificethics.org/IlGrandeGrido.htm.
[49] D. Kendellen, "Neutron Interferometry and Spinor Symmetry Experiment, Preprint of the North Carolina State University, April 21 (2008). http://wikis.lib.ncsu.edu/images/0/06/Neutron_Interferometry.pdf.
[50] H. Rauch H. and S. A. Werner, Neutron Interferometry, Oxford University Press, New York, 2000).
[51] R. M. Santilli, “Theory of mutation of elementary particles and its application to Rauch’s experiment on the spinorial symmetry," ICTP preprint IC/91/46 (1991) http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-141.pdf.
[52] R. M. Santilli, "Apparent consistency of Rutherford’s hypothesis on the neutron as a compressed hydrogen atom, Hadronic J. 13, 513 (1990). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-21.pdf.
[53] R. M. Santilli, "Apparent consistency of Rutherford’s hypothesis on the neutron structure via the hadronic generalization of quantum mechanics - I: Nonrelativistic treatment", ICTP communication IC/91/47 (1992). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-150.pdf.
[54] R. M. Santilli, "Representation of the synthesis of the neutron inside stars from the Hydrogen atom," Communication of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia, number JINR-E4-93-352 (1993).
[55] C. Borghi, C. Giori C. and A. Dall’Olio, Communications of CENUFPE, Number 8 (1969) and 25 (1971), reprinted via Santilli;’s proposal in the (Russian) Phys. Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 56, p. 205 (1993).
[56] R. M. Santilli, Confirmation of Don Borghi’s experiment on the synthesis of neutrons, arXiv publication, August 15, 2006. http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0608229v1.pdf.
[57] R. M. Santilli, The synthesis of the neutron according to hadronic mechanics and chemistry," Journal Applied Sciences 5, 32 (2006).
[58] R. M. Santilli, "Apparent confirmation of Don Borghi’s experiment on the laboratory synthesis of neutrons from protons and electrons, Hadronic J. 30, 29 (2007). http://www.i-b-r.org/NeutronSynthesis.pdf.
[59] R. M. Santilli, "Documentation of scans from the Polimaster and SAM 935 detectors during tests [11-13]. http://www.neutronstructure.org/neutron-synthesis-3.htm.
[60] R. M. Santilli, “The structure of the neutron," website www.neutronstructure.org/neutron-synthesis-2.htm
[61] R. M. Santilli and A. Nas, "Confirmation of the Laboratory Synthesis of Neutrons from a Hydrogen Gas," Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Eng, Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering Vol. 14, pp 405-415 (2014). www.thunder-energies.com/docs/neutron-synthesis-2014.pdf.
[62] R. M. Santilli and A. Nas, 12 minutes Film on the Laboratory Synthesis of Neutrons from the Hydrogen Gas". www.world-lecture-series.org/newtron-synthesis-08-14.
[63] J. V. Kadeisvili, “The Rutherford-Santilli Neutron," Hadronic J. Vol. 31, pages 1-125, 2008, pdf version of the published paper. http://www.i-b-r.org/Rutherford-Santilli-II.pdf also available in html format at. http://www.i-b-r.org/Rutherford-Santilli-neutron.htm.
[64] C. S. Burande, “Santilli Synthesis of the Neutron According to Hadronic Mechanics," American Journal of Modern Physics, in press (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/.
[65] R. M. Santilli, “Hadronic energies," Hadronic Journal, Vol. 17, 311 (1994). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-.
[66] R. M. Santilli, "The etherino and/or the Neutrino Hypothesis?" Found. Phys. 37, p. 670 (2007). www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/neutron-synthesis-2015.pdf
[67] H. Bondi and T. Gold, “The Steady-State Theory of the Universe," Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 108, p.252 (MNRAS Homepage).
[68] P. Fleming, “Collected papers, interviews, seminars and international press releases on the lack of expansion of the universe," http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/No-universe-expans.pdf.
[69] R. M. Santilli, The Physics of New Clean Energies and Fuels According to Hadronic Mechanics, Special issue of the Journal of New Energy, 318 pages (1998). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-114.pdf
[70] S. S. Dhondge, “Studies on Santilli Three-Body Model of the Deuteron According to Hadronic Mechanics," American Journal of Modern Physics, in press (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/deuteron-review-2015.pdf.
[71] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide.
[72] S. Glasstone, Sourcebook on Atomic Energy. Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi: D. Van Nostrand Company, INC., Princeton, New Jersey, U. S. A., Third ed., 1967, 1969 (Student Edition).
[73] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_helium.
[74] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleus.
[75] R. B. Firestone and L. P. Ekström, “LBNL Isotopes Project - LUNDS Universitet. WWW Table of Radioactive Isotopes.” http://ie.lbl.gov/toi/index.asp, January 2004.
[76] C. Christensen, A. Nielsen, A. Bahnsen, W. Brown, and B. Rustad, “The half-life of the free neutron,” Physics Letters B, vol. 26, pp. 11–13, December 1967.
[77] T. Gray, M. Whitby, and N. Mann, “PeriodicTable.” http://www.periodictable.com/Isotopes/001.1/index.full.html, September 2013.
[78] N. J. Stone, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, vol. 90, pp. 75 - 176, 2005.
[79] R. M. Santilli, “Rudiments of isogravitation for matter and its isodual for antimatter,” American Journal of Modern Physics Vol. 4(5), pages 59-75 (2015). http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/isogravitation.pdf.
[80] R. M. Santilli, "Experimental verifications of isoredshift with possible absence of universe expansion, big bang, dark matter and dark energy, " The Open Astronomy Journal 3, 124 (2010), available as free download from http://www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/Santilli-isoredshift.pdf.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Anil A. Bhalekar, Ruggero Maria Santilli. (2016). Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics. American Journal of Modern Physics, 5(2-1), 56-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Anil A. Bhalekar; Ruggero Maria Santilli. Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics. Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2016, 5(2-1), 56-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Anil A. Bhalekar, Ruggero Maria Santilli. Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics. Am J Mod Phys. 2016;5(2-1):56-118. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15,
      author = {Anil A. Bhalekar and Ruggero Maria Santilli},
      title = {Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics},
      journal = {American Journal of Modern Physics},
      volume = {5},
      number = {2-1},
      pages = {56-118},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmp.2016050201.15},
      abstract = {In order to render this paper minimally self-sufficient, we review and specialize the main structure of the isomathematics to nuclear constituents as extended and deformable charge distributions under linear and non-linear, local and non-local and Hamiltonian as well non-Hamiltonian interactions; we then review and specialize for the nuclear structure the main laws of the isotopic branch of hadronic mechanics known as isomechanics; we review and specialize the method for turning quantum mechanical nuclear models for point-like nucleons into covering isomechanical models for extended and deformable constituents under the most general known realization of strong interactions; we then review and specialize to nuclear structures the consequential notion of isoparticles; we then review the ensuing, first known, numerically exact and time invariant representation of the magnetic moments of stable nuclides; we then review the structure of the neutron as a bound state according to isomechanics of an isoproton and an isoelectron; and we finally review the ensuing three-body structure of the Deuteron. Via the use of the preceding advances. We then present, apparently for the first time, a numerically exact and time invariant representation of the spin of stable nuclides, firstly, via their approximation as isotopic bound states of isodeuterons, isoneutron and isoprotons, and secondly, via their reduction to isobound states of isoprotons and isoelectrons. Some observations on the nuclear configurations so obtained have also been presented in the case of the first model and in view of the second option we have identified in isoelectrons the nuclear glue which tightly holds isonucleons of stable nuclide in the atomic nucleus in the preferred orientation of their intrinsic spins. In Appendix A, we provide a technical review specialized for the first time to nuclear physics of the Lie-Santilli theory and its main application to the notion of isoparticles as isoirreducible isounitary isorepresentations of the Lorentz-Poincaré-Santilli isosymmetry.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Exact and Invariant Representation of Nuclear Magnetic Moments and Spins According to Hadronic Mechanics
    AU  - Anil A. Bhalekar
    AU  - Ruggero Maria Santilli
    Y1  - 2016/06/01
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15
    T2  - American Journal of Modern Physics
    JF  - American Journal of Modern Physics
    JO  - American Journal of Modern Physics
    SP  - 56
    EP  - 118
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-8891
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmp.2016050201.15
    AB  - In order to render this paper minimally self-sufficient, we review and specialize the main structure of the isomathematics to nuclear constituents as extended and deformable charge distributions under linear and non-linear, local and non-local and Hamiltonian as well non-Hamiltonian interactions; we then review and specialize for the nuclear structure the main laws of the isotopic branch of hadronic mechanics known as isomechanics; we review and specialize the method for turning quantum mechanical nuclear models for point-like nucleons into covering isomechanical models for extended and deformable constituents under the most general known realization of strong interactions; we then review and specialize to nuclear structures the consequential notion of isoparticles; we then review the ensuing, first known, numerically exact and time invariant representation of the magnetic moments of stable nuclides; we then review the structure of the neutron as a bound state according to isomechanics of an isoproton and an isoelectron; and we finally review the ensuing three-body structure of the Deuteron. Via the use of the preceding advances. We then present, apparently for the first time, a numerically exact and time invariant representation of the spin of stable nuclides, firstly, via their approximation as isotopic bound states of isodeuterons, isoneutron and isoprotons, and secondly, via their reduction to isobound states of isoprotons and isoelectrons. Some observations on the nuclear configurations so obtained have also been presented in the case of the first model and in view of the second option we have identified in isoelectrons the nuclear glue which tightly holds isonucleons of stable nuclide in the atomic nucleus in the preferred orientation of their intrinsic spins. In Appendix A, we provide a technical review specialized for the first time to nuclear physics of the Lie-Santilli theory and its main application to the notion of isoparticles as isoirreducible isounitary isorepresentations of the Lorentz-Poincaré-Santilli isosymmetry.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 2-1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, R. T. M. Nagpur University, Amravati Road Campus, Nagpur, India; Thunder Energies Corporation, Tarpon Springs, Florida, U. S. A.

  • Thunder Energies Corporation, Tarpon Springs, Florida, U. S. A.

  • Sections