Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

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Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera

Received: 13 May 2014    Accepted: 26 May 2014    Published: 30 May 2014
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Abstract

Rice cultivation during four planting seasons by using cultivation system improvements, especially in the management provision of water and fertilizer, other than increasing rice production can also reduce methane emission which is often rumored as a cause of global warming. Efforts to reduce methane emission from paddy fields must be done because of the impact of ecological damage caused by climate change due to global warming. It is estimated that by the year 2100 the average surface temperature of the earth will increase up 2 to 3° C. The experiment was conducted in the village of Purbaganda, Pematang Bandar District, Simalungun over four planting seasons from July 2011 until June 2012. The research design used in the study was split plot design which was organized into groups based on the difficulty of obtaining an ideal environmental uniformity in the field. Watering System treatment as main plot factor (A) and fertilization as subplot factor (B), with three replications. The treatments in the main plot were intermittent and continuous irrigation system, conducted to determine the amount of methane emissions in each planting season. For subplot, the fertilization treatments were based on laboratory analysis of soil, and Fertilization Recommendation of the Minister of Agriculture regulation No. 40 OT.140/2007. These were then combined with probiotic fertilization. The results showed that the pattern of methane emission varies in each treatment. The average methane emission was highest in treatment A1B1 with 338.50 kg ha-1 per season, and lowest in A2B6 treatment with 63.25 kg ha-1 per season. A2B6 treatment that used fertilization according to laboratory analysis with probiotic fertilization experienced intermittent irrigation process. The higher dosage of fertilizer N in treatment A1B1 led to higher methane emission than treatment A2B6. N fertilizer in rice fields can increase methane emissions due to increased rice growth, which was the source of methane biomass that increased the emission lines. Interaction between flooding and fertilization treatments that gave the highest emission during the four planting seasons was A1B1 and the lowest was A2B6. Comparison between the interaction of A1B1 and A2B6 on methane emission results was significantly different (DMRT test, P = 0.05).

DOI 10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13
Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 3, Issue 3, June 2014)
Page(s) 155-162
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Methane Emission, Intensive Rice Cultivation, Intermittent and Fertilization

References
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[2] Balasubramanian, V. 2006. Integrated Crop Management (ICM): Field evaluation and lesssons learnt In Sumarno, Suparyono, A.M. Fagi, M.O. Adnyana (Eds.). Rice Industry, Culture and Environment. Book 1. Indonesian Center for Rice Research. p. 33-42.
[3] Cheng-Fang, L., Dan-Na, Z., Zhi-Kui, K., Zhi-Sheng. Z., Jin-Ping, W., Ming-Li. C., and Cao Cou-Gui, C. 2011. Effects of Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizers on methane and CO2 Emissions and Soil Organic Carbon in Paddy Fields of Central China. National Tecnology Project for High Food Yield of China. On line : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3344821/
[4] Cicerone, R. J., And J. D. Shetter. 1981. Sources of atmospheric methane: measurements in rice paddies and a discussion. Journal of Geophysics Research 86C: 7203–7209.
[5] Conrad, r., and f. Rothfuss. 1991. Methane oxidation in the soil surface layer of a flooded rice field and the effect of ammonium. Biology and Fertility of Soils 12: 28–32. (Cicerone & Shetter, 1981; Cicerone et al., 1983)
[6] Gomez, A.K. And A.A. Gomez. 1994. Statistical Procedures For Agricultural Research. Translation. Sjamsuddin, E and S. B. Yustika (1995). Prosedure Statistics to Research. Puslisher University of Indonesia Press. Jakarta. 689 p.
[7] Holzapfel-P Schorn A, Conrad & Seiler W, 1986. Production of Methane in rice Padies. Fems icrobiol. Ecol 31: 343-351
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[17] Seiler, W., A. Holzapfel-Pschorn, R. Conrad And D. Scharfe (1984). Methane Emission From Rice Paddies. Journal Of Atmospheric Chemistry 1: 241-268.
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[19] Setyanto, P. 2004. Methane emission and its mitigation in rice field under different management practices in Central Java. Disertasi Fakultas Pascasarjana University Putra Malaysia.
[20] Setyanto P and Rina K, 2008. Management systems rice field low metan emissions. A Journal. A Journal Agricultural Reseach Food Crop. Volume 27.
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[22] Toha, H.M., Permadi K., Prayitno, and I. Yuliardi. 2005. The increase production of upland rice with integrated crop management and integrated resources. Indonesian Center for Food Crops Reseach and Development. Seminar. Bogor. July, 2005
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[24] Wang M, Shangguan X& Ding A (1996). Methane in riceagriculture in from Cicerone et al., 1983 Atmosphericcirculation to Global Change. The Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, p 647-659. China Meteorological Press Beijing.
[25] Yagi, K. and K. Minami. 1990. Effects of organic matter applications on methane emisión from Japanese paddy fields. In A.F. Bouwan (Eds.). Soil and the greenhouse effect. John Wiley and Sons. New York. p.467-473.
[26] Aulakh, M.S., R. Wassamann, H. Rennenberg, and S. Fink. 2000. Pattern and amount of Aerenchyma realate to variable methane transport capacity of different rice cultivars. Plant Biology 2: 182-194.
[27] Bouwman, A. F., Boumans L.J.M., Batjes N.H., 2002. Emissions of N2O and from fertilized fields: summary of available measurement data. Global Biogeochem Cycles, 16: art.no. 1058
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Author Information
  • Study Program of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Graduate School, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Maas, Medan, Indonesia; Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT), North Sumatera, and the Indonesian Agency For Agricultural Research And Development (IAARD), Ministry Of Agriculture

  • Study Program of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Graduate School, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Maas, Medan, Indonesia; Departement of Agroecotechnolgy, Faculty of Agriculture University of Sumatera Utara, jln Prof A. Sofyan No 3, Medan Indonesia, 20155

  • Study Program of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Graduate School, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Maas, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathemathics and Natural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, Indonesia

  • Study Program of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Graduate School, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Maas, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathemathics and Natural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara, Jln. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, Indonesia

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    Khadijah EL Ramija, Zulkifly Nasution, M. Zarlis, Retno Widiastuti. (2014). Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(3), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13

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    ACS Style

    Khadijah EL Ramija; Zulkifly Nasution; M. Zarlis; Retno Widiastuti. Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera. Agric. For. Fish. 2014, 3(3), 155-162. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13

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    AMA Style

    Khadijah EL Ramija, Zulkifly Nasution, M. Zarlis, Retno Widiastuti. Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera. Agric For Fish. 2014;3(3):155-162. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13,
      author = {Khadijah EL Ramija and Zulkifly Nasution and M. Zarlis and Retno Widiastuti},
      title = {Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera},
      journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {155-162},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20140303.13},
      abstract = {Rice cultivation during four planting seasons by using cultivation system improvements, especially in the management provision of water and fertilizer, other than increasing rice production can also reduce methane emission which is often rumored as a cause of global warming. Efforts to reduce methane emission from paddy fields must be done because of the impact of ecological damage caused by climate change due to global warming. It is estimated that by the year 2100 the average surface temperature of the earth will increase up 2 to 3° C. The experiment was conducted in the village of Purbaganda, Pematang Bandar District, Simalungun over four planting seasons from July 2011 until June 2012. The research design used in the study was split plot design which was organized into groups based on the difficulty of obtaining an ideal environmental uniformity in the field. Watering System treatment as main plot factor (A) and fertilization as subplot factor (B), with three replications. The treatments in the main plot were intermittent and continuous irrigation system, conducted to determine the amount of methane emissions in each planting season. For subplot, the fertilization treatments were based on laboratory analysis of soil, and Fertilization Recommendation of the Minister of Agriculture regulation No. 40 OT.140/2007. These were then combined with probiotic fertilization. The results showed that the pattern of methane emission varies in each treatment. The average methane emission was highest in treatment A1B1 with 338.50 kg ha-1 per season, and lowest in A2B6 treatment with 63.25 kg ha-1 per season. A2B6 treatment that used fertilization according to laboratory analysis with probiotic fertilization experienced intermittent irrigation process.  The higher dosage of fertilizer N in treatment A1B1 led to higher methane emission than treatment A2B6. N fertilizer in rice fields can increase methane emissions due to increased rice growth, which was the source of methane biomass that increased the emission lines. Interaction between flooding and fertilization treatments that gave the highest emission during the four planting seasons was A1B1 and the lowest was A2B6. Comparison between the interaction of A1B1 and A2B6 on methane emission results was significantly different (DMRT test, P = 0.05).},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Methane Emission on Intensive rice Farming with Water Frequency and Fertilizer Management in North Sumatera
    AU  - Khadijah EL Ramija
    AU  - Zulkifly Nasution
    AU  - M. Zarlis
    AU  - Retno Widiastuti
    Y1  - 2014/05/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13
    T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
    SP  - 155
    EP  - 162
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5648
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20140303.13
    AB  - Rice cultivation during four planting seasons by using cultivation system improvements, especially in the management provision of water and fertilizer, other than increasing rice production can also reduce methane emission which is often rumored as a cause of global warming. Efforts to reduce methane emission from paddy fields must be done because of the impact of ecological damage caused by climate change due to global warming. It is estimated that by the year 2100 the average surface temperature of the earth will increase up 2 to 3° C. The experiment was conducted in the village of Purbaganda, Pematang Bandar District, Simalungun over four planting seasons from July 2011 until June 2012. The research design used in the study was split plot design which was organized into groups based on the difficulty of obtaining an ideal environmental uniformity in the field. Watering System treatment as main plot factor (A) and fertilization as subplot factor (B), with three replications. The treatments in the main plot were intermittent and continuous irrigation system, conducted to determine the amount of methane emissions in each planting season. For subplot, the fertilization treatments were based on laboratory analysis of soil, and Fertilization Recommendation of the Minister of Agriculture regulation No. 40 OT.140/2007. These were then combined with probiotic fertilization. The results showed that the pattern of methane emission varies in each treatment. The average methane emission was highest in treatment A1B1 with 338.50 kg ha-1 per season, and lowest in A2B6 treatment with 63.25 kg ha-1 per season. A2B6 treatment that used fertilization according to laboratory analysis with probiotic fertilization experienced intermittent irrigation process.  The higher dosage of fertilizer N in treatment A1B1 led to higher methane emission than treatment A2B6. N fertilizer in rice fields can increase methane emissions due to increased rice growth, which was the source of methane biomass that increased the emission lines. Interaction between flooding and fertilization treatments that gave the highest emission during the four planting seasons was A1B1 and the lowest was A2B6. Comparison between the interaction of A1B1 and A2B6 on methane emission results was significantly different (DMRT test, P = 0.05).
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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