Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center

Asela Kesho; Worku Abebe

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center

Asela Kesho, Worku Abebe

Received: 11 February 2020 Accepted: 25 February 2020 Published: 25 August 2020

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Abstract

Fungi are a major cause of postharvest deterioration of cereals and legumes. The current work was carried out using sixteen samples of eight crops wheat, barley, Teff, oat, lentil, fababean, mungbean and chickpea samples were collected to investigate the presence and incidence of seed borne fungi associated with them using PDA media. Results of the mycological analysis revealed that a total of 14 fungi belonging to 11 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Eppicocum sp., Sclerotium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium graminaerum, Fusarium moniliformae, Fusarium oxysporium, Trichoderma sp., Tilletia sp. and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples of the different crop seeds obtained from seed multiplication store, EIAR, HARC. Infection percentage varied from 5-100% in samples of seed multiplication store. In wheat variety wane and limu, in oat variety CI8237, CI8238, CI8239 and CI8240, in chickpea variety Natoli, Habru and Arerti, and in fababean variety Dosha showed 100% infection followed by Wolki of Fababean (97.5%), and one variety of Mungbean showed infection of 80%. One variety Iboni of Barley showed 75% infection and Dagem and Kora of Teff showed 37.5% and 12.5% infection. Bekoji variety of Lentil showed least infections of 5%. The obtained results revealed that seed-borne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and legume crops. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease management strategies.

DOI	10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11
Published in	American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 5, October 2020)
Page(s)	91-95
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Crops, Incidence, Postharvest Deterioration, Seed Borne Fungi, Seed Health

References

[1]	Duan CX, Wang XM, Zhu AD, Xiao F. 2007. Testing of seedborne fungi in wheat germplasm conserved in the national crop genebank of China. Agric Scien China. 6: 682-687.
[2]	Neergaard P. 1977. Seed pathology. The McMillan Press Ltd. England 1079.
[3]	Bateman GL and Kwasna H. 1999. Effect of number of winter wheat crops grown successively on fungi communities on wheat roots. J Applied Soil Ecol. 13: 271-282.
[4]	Khanzada KA, Rajput MA, Shah GS, Lodhi AM and Mehboob F. 2002. Effect of seed dressing fungicides for the control of seed borne mycoflora of wheat. Asian J Plant Sci. 1: 441-444.
[5]	Hasan MM, Chowdhury SP, Alam S, Hussain B and Alam MS. 2005. Antifungal effects of plant extracts on seed-borne fungi of wheat seed regarding seed germination, seedling health and vigour index. Pak J Biol Sci. 8: 1284-1289.
[6]	Barnett H. L. and Hunter B. B. 1987. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. 4th ed. Minneapolis: Burgess. 244pp.
[7]	Singh K. 1991. An illustrated manual on identification of some seed-borne Aspergilli, Fusaria, Penicillia and their mycotoxins. Danish Government Institute of Seed Pathology for Developing Countries.
[8]	Cotty P. J. 1994. Influence of field application of a toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus on the populations of Aspergillus flavus infecting cotton bolls and on the aflatoxin content of cotton seed. Phytopathology. 84: 1270-1277.
[9]	Klich M. A. 2002. Identification of Aspergillus species. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans. 69pp.
[10]	Asela Kesho, Alemayehu Chala and Elfinesh Shikur. 2019. Storage Fungi Associated with Wheat (Triticum Spp.) in South East Ethiopia and Their Reaction to Essential Oils (Msc Thesis, Hawassa University).
[11]	Abdi Mohammed and Alemayehu Chala. 2014. Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiological Research. 8 (8): 759-765.
[12]	Prasada R. and Prabhu A. S. 1962. Leaf blight of Wheat caused by a new species of Alternaria. Indian Phytopathology. 15 (3-4): 292-293.
[13]	Zafar m., Jamal A. and Tahira R. 2014. Incidence of Seed-Borne Mycoflora in Wheat and Rice Germplasm. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research. 2 (5): 2319-1473.
[14]	Butt AR, Yaseed SI and JAvaid A. 2011. Seed borne mycoflora of stored rice grain and its chemical control. J Animal & Plant Sci, 21: 193-196.
[15]	Asela Kesho, Alemayehu Chala and Elfinesh Shikur. 2019. Determination of major factors associated with fungal contamination of wheat under storage conditions. International Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. 3 (2): 21-26.
[16]	Tsedaley Binyam. 2016. Detection and identification of major storage fungal pathogens of maize (Zea mays l.) in Jimma Southwestern Ethiopia. European Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Research. 4 (2): 38-49.

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APA Style

Asela Kesho, Worku Abebe. (2020). Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. American Journal of Life Sciences, 8(5), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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ACS Style

Asela Kesho; Worku Abebe. Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. Am. J. Life Sci. 2020, 8(5), 91-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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AMA Style

Asela Kesho, Worku Abebe. Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. Am J Life Sci. 2020;8(5):91-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11,
  author = {Asela Kesho and Worku Abebe},
  title = {Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {5},
  pages = {91-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20200805.11},
  abstract = {Fungi are a major cause of postharvest deterioration of cereals and legumes. The current work was carried out using sixteen samples of eight crops wheat, barley, Teff, oat, lentil, fababean, mungbean and chickpea samples were collected to investigate the presence and incidence of seed borne fungi associated with them using PDA media. Results of the mycological analysis revealed that a total of 14 fungi belonging to 11 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Eppicocum sp., Sclerotium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium graminaerum, Fusarium moniliformae, Fusarium oxysporium, Trichoderma sp., Tilletia sp. and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples of the different crop seeds obtained from seed multiplication store, EIAR, HARC. Infection percentage varied from 5-100% in samples of seed multiplication store. In wheat variety wane and limu, in oat variety CI8237, CI8238, CI8239 and CI8240, in chickpea variety Natoli, Habru and Arerti, and in fababean variety Dosha showed 100% infection followed by Wolki of Fababean (97.5%), and one variety of Mungbean showed infection of 80%. One variety Iboni of Barley showed 75% infection and Dagem and Kora of Teff showed 37.5% and 12.5% infection. Bekoji variety of Lentil showed least infections of 5%. The obtained results revealed that seed-borne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and legume crops. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease management strategies.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center
AU - Asela Kesho
AU - Worku Abebe
Y1 - 2020/08/25
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11
T2 - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP - 91
EP - 95
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5737
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11
AB - Fungi are a major cause of postharvest deterioration of cereals and legumes. The current work was carried out using sixteen samples of eight crops wheat, barley, Teff, oat, lentil, fababean, mungbean and chickpea samples were collected to investigate the presence and incidence of seed borne fungi associated with them using PDA media. Results of the mycological analysis revealed that a total of 14 fungi belonging to 11 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Eppicocum sp., Sclerotium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium graminaerum, Fusarium moniliformae, Fusarium oxysporium, Trichoderma sp., Tilletia sp. and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples of the different crop seeds obtained from seed multiplication store, EIAR, HARC. Infection percentage varied from 5-100% in samples of seed multiplication store. In wheat variety wane and limu, in oat variety CI8237, CI8238, CI8239 and CI8240, in chickpea variety Natoli, Habru and Arerti, and in fababean variety Dosha showed 100% infection followed by Wolki of Fababean (97.5%), and one variety of Mungbean showed infection of 80%. One variety Iboni of Barley showed 75% infection and Dagem and Kora of Teff showed 37.5% and 12.5% infection. Bekoji variety of Lentil showed least infections of 5%. The obtained results revealed that seed-borne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and legume crops. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease management strategies.
VL - 8
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Asela Kesho

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Worku Abebe

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Asela Kesho, Worku Abebe. (2020). Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. American Journal of Life Sciences, 8(5), 91-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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ACS Style

Asela Kesho; Worku Abebe. Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. Am. J. Life Sci. 2020, 8(5), 91-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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AMA Style

Asela Kesho, Worku Abebe. Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. Am J Life Sci. 2020;8(5):91-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11,
  author = {Asela Kesho and Worku Abebe},
  title = {Detection of Seed Borne Fungi Associated with Some Cereals and Legume Crops of Seeds Grown in Main Season at Holetta Agricultural Research Center},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {5},
  pages = {91-95},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20200805.11},
  abstract = {Fungi are a major cause of postharvest deterioration of cereals and legumes. The current work was carried out using sixteen samples of eight crops wheat, barley, Teff, oat, lentil, fababean, mungbean and chickpea samples were collected to investigate the presence and incidence of seed borne fungi associated with them using PDA media. Results of the mycological analysis revealed that a total of 14 fungi belonging to 11 genera viz. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Bipolaris sp., Botrytis sp., Eppicocum sp., Sclerotium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium graminaerum, Fusarium moniliformae, Fusarium oxysporium, Trichoderma sp., Tilletia sp. and Rhizopus sp. were isolated from samples of the different crop seeds obtained from seed multiplication store, EIAR, HARC. Infection percentage varied from 5-100% in samples of seed multiplication store. In wheat variety wane and limu, in oat variety CI8237, CI8238, CI8239 and CI8240, in chickpea variety Natoli, Habru and Arerti, and in fababean variety Dosha showed 100% infection followed by Wolki of Fababean (97.5%), and one variety of Mungbean showed infection of 80%. One variety Iboni of Barley showed 75% infection and Dagem and Kora of Teff showed 37.5% and 12.5% infection. Bekoji variety of Lentil showed least infections of 5%. The obtained results revealed that seed-borne pathogens were present in most seed samples of important cereals and legume crops. Some of the identified fungi are potential producers of mycotoxins, thus their presence is important in terms of reduced food safety for humans and animals. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis and pathogen surveillance will provide time for the development and the application of disease management strategies.},
 year = {2020}
}

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