| Peer-Reviewed

A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks

Received: 15 September 2019    Accepted: 29 September 2019    Published: 15 October 2019
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The center of gravity (CG) of the human body is a hypothetical point around which the force of gravity appears to act. CG need not lie within the physical bounds of an object. Human beings do not remain fixed in the anatomical position and the precise location of the CG changes constantly with every new position of the body and limbs. CG plays an important role in maintaining balance, equilibrium, and breaking inertia during the performance of a sports technique. Purpose of this study is to discover the pattern and make the comparison of CG height and CG velocity changes in the execution of frequently used soccer kicks within and between the kicks by the male players. Five male players played for the Bangladesh National Football teams were selected as subject and their age was between 16-19 years. A Cannon EOS7D with the capacity of 55 f/sec camera placed on sagittal plane at the backside of the kick 5.00 meters away and at 1.13 meter of height to capture kicking actions of the players on Coronal/Frontal plane. The best frame was selected out of 3 trials. 2D motion Analysis Software Kinovea 0.8.25 was employed for the quantitative analysis of the video clips. Changing of the CG height position in percentage was studied in three different phases i.e. Ground contact, Ball contact, and Follow-through in reference to erect standing CG height of the players. In addition, CG velocity changes were also studied in ball contact and follow-through phases. This study demonstrates that the male soccer players demonstrate inconsistency in CG height reduction in performing all three phases (Ground Contact, Ball Contact, & Follow-through) in all selected five kicks (Push Pass, Instep Kick, Lofted Kick, Chip Shot, and In-swerve Kick), but highest reductions have been located in the ball contact phase of all the kicks. Players change CG height in the same manner among the five selected kicks in each of the phases distinctly. Players experience CG height drop in Instep Kick differently between ball contact and ground contact phases. Players display higher mean CG velocity in ball contact phase than follow-through phase in Push Pass but remaining other kicks exhibit opposite actions. Players display CG velocity in all selected soccer kicks in the same manner at ball contact and follow-through phases. Players change CG velocity differently between Push Pass and Instep Kick, In-swerve Kick, Lofted Kick at follow-through phase.

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12
Page(s) 75-82
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Center of Gravity Height, Soccer Kick, Center of Gravity Velocity

References
[1] P. M. McGinnis, BIOMECHANICS OF SPORT AND EXERCISE, Human Kinetics, Champaingn, United States of America, 1999. http://www.humankinetics.com/.
[2] Dictionary.com, Definition of centre of gravity | Dictionary.com, Www.dictionary.com. (n. d.). https://www.dictionary.com/browse/centre-of-gravity (accessed August 30, 2019).
[3] R. Rai, Biomechanics Mechanical Aspects of Human Motion, Agrim Publication, Mohali, Punjab, 2003.
[4] C. Hobbs, Importance of Balance and Stability to Mastery of Sport Skills | The Sport Digest, (2010). http://thesportdigest.com/archive/article/importance-balance-and-stability-mastery-sport-skills (accessed August 30, 2019).
[5] S. Boukhenous, M. Attari, Y. Remram, An Easy Platform for Postural Balance Analysis by the Evaluation of Instantaneous Center of Gravity | Elsevier Enhanced Reader, APCBEE Procedia. 7 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2013.08.004.
[6] C. Woodford, Center of gravity - A basic explanation of balancing weight, Explain Stuff. (2018). http://www.explainthatstuff.com/center-of-gravity.html (accessed August 31, 2019).
[7] S. A. Khadir, R. Lowe, L. Ritchie, S. Buxton, T. Lowe, Centre of Gravity, Physiopedia. (2018). https://www.physio-pedia.com/Centre_of_Gravity (accessed March 19, 2018).
[8] T. Nakamura, T. Miyoshi, M. Takagi, Y. Kamada, Synchronized lower limb kinematics with pelvis orientation achieves the non-rotational shot, Sports Eng. Springer Sci. Bus. Media BV. 19 (2016) 71.
[9] K. Sakamoto, G. Geisler, M. Nakayama, T. Asai, Kinematic analysis of the ball impact in female soccer players, Procedia Eng. 13 (2011) 182–187. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.05.070.
[10] E. Çetin, S. Muratlı, Analysis of Jump Shot Performance among 14-15 Year Old Male Basketball Player, Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci. 116 (2014) 2985–2988. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.693.
[11] D. V. M. Spathopoulos, AN INTRODUCTION TO THE PHYSICS OF SPORTS, 2013. https://www.topendsports.com/biomechanics/center-of-gravity.htm (accessed August 31, 2019).
[12] M. Maeda, Effects of baseball bat mass and position of center of gravity on batting, Procedia Eng. 2 (2010) 2675–2680. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2010.04.050.
[13] G. Martens, D. Deflandre, C. Schwartz, N. Dardenne, T. Bury, Reproducibility of the Evolution of Stride Biomechanics During Exhaustive Runs, J. Hum. Kinet. 64 (2018) 57.
[14] T. Tanaka, H. Takeda, T. Izumi, S. Ino, T. Ifukube, Effects on the location of the centre of gravity and the foot pressure contribution to standing balance associated with ageing, Ergonomics. (1999) 997.
[15] D. Ö. Kaplan, Evaluating the Effect of 12 Weeks Football Training on the Posture of Young Male Basketball Players, J. Educ. Train. Stud. 6 (2018) 47–53.
[16] G. Pahnabi, M. Ahmadi, M. Akbari, N. N. Ansari, M. Mardani, M. Rostami, Comparison of the postural control between football players following ACL reconstruction and healthy subjects, Med. J. Islam. Repub. Iran. 28 (2014) 1.
[17] K. Sakamoto, N. Numazu, S. Hong, T. Asai, Kinetic Analysis of Instep and Side-foot Kick in Female and Male Soccer Players, Procedia Eng. 147 (2016) 214–219. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.216.
[18] H. Nunome, T. Asai, Y. Ikegami, S. Sakurai, Three-dimensional kinetic analysis of side-foot and instep soccer kicks, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 34 (2002) 2028.
[19] P. Teerikorpi, M. Valtonen, K. Lehto, H. Lehto, G. Byrd, A. Chernin, eds., Newton, in: Evol. Universe Orig. Life Search Our Cosm. Roots, Springer New York, New York, NY, 2009: pp. 103–109. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09534-9_10.
[20] A. SAITO, K. Miyawaki, S. Kizawa, A study on estimating the center of gravity velocity using lower limb joint power during squatting, Trans. JSME Jpn. (2017). doi: 10.1299/transjsme.17-00234.
[21] A. SAITO, Y. NARA, K. Miyawaki, Center of gravity velocity estimation using lower limb joint power during walking, Research Gate. (2019). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335353940_Center_of_gravity_velocity_estimation_using_lower_limb_joint_power_during_walkingbuxingdongzuoniokeruxiazhiguanjiepawawoyongitashentizhongxinsudunotuidingniguansuruyanjiu (accessed September 27, 2019).
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Shaybal Chanda, Sumanta Kumar Mondal. (2019). A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks. American Journal of Life Sciences, 7(4), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Shaybal Chanda; Sumanta Kumar Mondal. A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks. Am. J. Life Sci. 2019, 7(4), 75-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Shaybal Chanda, Sumanta Kumar Mondal. A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks. Am J Life Sci. 2019;7(4):75-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12,
      author = {Shaybal Chanda and Sumanta Kumar Mondal},
      title = {A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {75-82},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20190704.12},
      abstract = {The center of gravity (CG) of the human body is a hypothetical point around which the force of gravity appears to act. CG need not lie within the physical bounds of an object. Human beings do not remain fixed in the anatomical position and the precise location of the CG changes constantly with every new position of the body and limbs. CG plays an important role in maintaining balance, equilibrium, and breaking inertia during the performance of a sports technique. Purpose of this study is to discover the pattern and make the comparison of CG height and CG velocity changes in the execution of frequently used soccer kicks within and between the kicks by the male players. Five male players played for the Bangladesh National Football teams were selected as subject and their age was between 16-19 years. A Cannon EOS7D with the capacity of 55 f/sec camera placed on sagittal plane at the backside of the kick 5.00 meters away and at 1.13 meter of height to capture kicking actions of the players on Coronal/Frontal plane. The best frame was selected out of 3 trials. 2D motion Analysis Software Kinovea 0.8.25 was employed for the quantitative analysis of the video clips. Changing of the CG height position in percentage was studied in three different phases i.e. Ground contact, Ball contact, and Follow-through in reference to erect standing CG height of the players. In addition, CG velocity changes were also studied in ball contact and follow-through phases. This study demonstrates that the male soccer players demonstrate inconsistency in CG height reduction in performing all three phases (Ground Contact, Ball Contact, & Follow-through) in all selected five kicks (Push Pass, Instep Kick, Lofted Kick, Chip Shot, and In-swerve Kick), but highest reductions have been located in the ball contact phase of all the kicks. Players change CG height in the same manner among the five selected kicks in each of the phases distinctly. Players experience CG height drop in Instep Kick differently between ball contact and ground contact phases. Players display higher mean CG velocity in ball contact phase than follow-through phase in Push Pass but remaining other kicks exhibit opposite actions. Players display CG velocity in all selected soccer kicks in the same manner at ball contact and follow-through phases. Players change CG velocity differently between Push Pass and Instep Kick, In-swerve Kick, Lofted Kick at follow-through phase.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Study of Center of Gravity in Different Phases of Selected Soccer Kicks
    AU  - Shaybal Chanda
    AU  - Sumanta Kumar Mondal
    Y1  - 2019/10/15
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12
    T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    SP  - 75
    EP  - 82
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20190704.12
    AB  - The center of gravity (CG) of the human body is a hypothetical point around which the force of gravity appears to act. CG need not lie within the physical bounds of an object. Human beings do not remain fixed in the anatomical position and the precise location of the CG changes constantly with every new position of the body and limbs. CG plays an important role in maintaining balance, equilibrium, and breaking inertia during the performance of a sports technique. Purpose of this study is to discover the pattern and make the comparison of CG height and CG velocity changes in the execution of frequently used soccer kicks within and between the kicks by the male players. Five male players played for the Bangladesh National Football teams were selected as subject and their age was between 16-19 years. A Cannon EOS7D with the capacity of 55 f/sec camera placed on sagittal plane at the backside of the kick 5.00 meters away and at 1.13 meter of height to capture kicking actions of the players on Coronal/Frontal plane. The best frame was selected out of 3 trials. 2D motion Analysis Software Kinovea 0.8.25 was employed for the quantitative analysis of the video clips. Changing of the CG height position in percentage was studied in three different phases i.e. Ground contact, Ball contact, and Follow-through in reference to erect standing CG height of the players. In addition, CG velocity changes were also studied in ball contact and follow-through phases. This study demonstrates that the male soccer players demonstrate inconsistency in CG height reduction in performing all three phases (Ground Contact, Ball Contact, & Follow-through) in all selected five kicks (Push Pass, Instep Kick, Lofted Kick, Chip Shot, and In-swerve Kick), but highest reductions have been located in the ball contact phase of all the kicks. Players change CG height in the same manner among the five selected kicks in each of the phases distinctly. Players experience CG height drop in Instep Kick differently between ball contact and ground contact phases. Players display higher mean CG velocity in ball contact phase than follow-through phase in Push Pass but remaining other kicks exhibit opposite actions. Players display CG velocity in all selected soccer kicks in the same manner at ball contact and follow-through phases. Players change CG velocity differently between Push Pass and Instep Kick, In-swerve Kick, Lofted Kick at follow-through phase.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India

  • Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India

  • Sections