American Journal of Life Sciences

| Peer-Reviewed |

Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers

Received: 08 October 2016    Accepted: 10 November 2016    Published: 12 December 2016
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Nigella sativa is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2016)
Page(s) 175-180
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nigella Sativa, Kalongi, Genetic Diversity, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

References
[1] Al-Bukhari. MI. Division (71) on medicine. In Sahi Al-Bukhari, the collection of authentic sayings of Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him). 2nd ed. Hilal Yayinlari, Ankara, Turkey, 1976.
[2] Zahra Gholamnezhad, Rana Keyhanmanesh, Mohammad Hossien Boskabady, Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory aspects of Nigella sativa for its preventive and bronchodilatory effects on obstructive respiratory diseases: A review of basic and clinical evidence, Journal of Functional Foods, Volume 17, August 2015, Pages 910-927, ISSN 1756-4646, http: //dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.032. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464615003266).
[3] Padmaa, M. and Paarakh (2010). Nigella sativa.Linn.A comprehensive review. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources 1(4): 409-429.
[4] Dermatological effects of Nigella sativa, Salih H. M. Aljabrea, Omar M. Alakloby a, Mohammad A. Randhaw, Journal of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery 19 (2015) 92–98.
[5] Ghanya N. Al-Naqeep, Maznah M. Ismail, Adel S. Al-Zubairi and Norhaizan M. Esa, 2009. Nutrients Composition and Minerals Content of Three Different Samples of Nigella sativa L. Cultivated in Yemen. Asian Journal of Biological Sciences, 2: 43-48. DOI: 10.3923/ajbs.2009.43.48, http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajbs.2009.43.48.
[6] Mohamed Ezzat Abd El-Hack, Mahmoud Alagawany, Mayada Ragab Farag, Ruchi Tiwari, Kumaragurubaran Karthik and Kuldeep Dhama, 2016. Nutritional, Healthical and Therapeutic Efficacy of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) in Animals, Poultry and Humans. International Journal of Pharmacology, 12: 232-248.
[7] Handbook of herbs and spices, Volume 2,2004, Edited by,K. V. Peter,CRC Press Boca Raton Boston New York Washington, DC. Page 225-226.
[8] Rania Mubarak AwadObaid, Anti-Mycetoma, anti-oxidant and Phytochemical Screening of Nigella sativa seeds, A thesis for Master Degree in pharmacy (pharmacognosy),The National Ribat University Faculty of Graduate studies & Scientific Research, May 2015.
[9] Elham Fadaei Heidari, Mehdi Rahimmalek, Shahram Mohammadi, Mohammad Hossein Ehtemam, Genetic structure and diversity of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) populations based on molecular, morphological markers, and volatile oil content, Industrial Crops and Products, Volume 92, 15 December 2016, Pages 186-196, ISSN 0926-6690, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.08.014. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669016305271).
[10] Xiao-min ZHANG, Zheng-hai ZHANG, Xiao-zhen GU, Sheng-li MAO, Xi-xiang LI, Joël Chadœuf, Alain Palloix, Li-hao WANG, Bao-xi ZHANG, Genetic diversity of pepper (Capsicum spp.) germplasm resources in China reflects selection for cultivar types and spatial distribution, Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Volume 15, Issue 9, September 2016, Pages 1991-2001, ISSN 2095-3119, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61364-3. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311916613643).
[11] Haixia Tang, Shiyan Xing, Jihong Li, Xuan Wang, Limin Sun, Shuhui Du, Xiaojing Liu, Genetic diversity of Ginkgo biloba half-sib families based on AFLP technology, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 68, October 2016, Pages 58-65, ISSN 0305-1978, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.06.009. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197816301533).
[12] Xing-Xing Xu, Fang-Yun Cheng, Hong-Li Xian, Li-Ping Peng, Genetic diversity and population structure of endangered endemic Paeonia jishanensis in China and conservation implications, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 66, June 2016, Pages 319-325, ISSN 0305-1978, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.05.003. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197816301016).
[13] Li Liu, Wei Chen, Xin Zheng, Jing Li, Dong-Ting Yan, Lin Liu, Xin Liu, Yi-Ling Wang, Genetic diversity of Ulmus lamellosa by morphological traits and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 66, June 2016, Pages 272-280, ISSN 0305-1978, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.04.017. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197816300965).Norgen’s Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit Product Insert Product # 26200.
[14] N. Senthil Kumar1 and G. Gurusubramanian, Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and its applications,Proceedings of the “National Level Workshop on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers and It’s Applications”organized on 20-21 May 2011 by the Departments of Biotechnology & Zoology, Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility & State Biotech Hub, Mizoram University.
[15] Ailan Wang, Ping Zhang, Xiao Liu, Jianguang Liang, Weiwei Li, Genetic structure and diversity of Glehnia littoralis, an endangered medicinal plant in China, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 66, June 2016, Pages 265-271, ISSN 0305-1978, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2016.04.019. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197816300989).
[16] Kamran Ashraf, Altaf Ahmad, Anis Chaudhary, Mohd. Mujeeb, Sayeed Ahmad, Mohd. Amir, N. Mallick, Genetic diversity analysis of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe by RAPD collected from subcontinent of India, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Volume 21, Issue 2, April 2014, Pages 159-165, ISSN 1319-562X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.09.005.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X1300082X).
[17] Kamal Fouad Abdellatif, Hanaa Mahdy AbouZeid, Assessment of genetic diversity of Mediterranean bread wheat using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 2, December 2011, Pages 157-163, ISSN 1687-157X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2011.10.002.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687157X11000321).
[18] Punit Kumar Khanna, Ratna Chandra, Arun Kumar, Nidhi Dogra, Heena Gupta, Gourav Gupta, Vijeshwar Verma. Correlation between morphological, chemical and RAPD markers for assessing genetic diversity in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. (2014) 17: 27. doi:10.1007/s12892-013-0104-8.
[19] Linus I. Masumbuko, Salama Sinje, Alois Kullaya, Genetic Diversity and Structure of East African Tall Coconuts in Tanzania Using RAPD Markers, Open Journal of Genetics, 2014, 4, 175-181, Published Online April 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojgen,http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojgen.2014.42018.
[20] Kapteyn J, Simon JE (2002) Th e use of RAPDs for assessment of identity, diversity and quality of Echinacea. In. Trends in new crops and new uses. (Eds. J Janick, A Whipkey), ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA. pp. 509-513.
[21] IQBAL, Muhammad Sajjad, Shahid NADEEM, Shahid MEHBOOB, and Abdul GHAFOOR. Exploration of Genotype Specific Fingerprinting of Nigella Sativa L. Using RAPD Markers. TUBITAK, 2011. doi:10.3906/tar-1001-622.
[22] Korzun V, Malyshev S, Voylokov AV, Borner A (2001) A genetic map of rye (Scale cereale L.) combining RFLP, isozyme, microsatellite and gene loci. Th eor Appl Genet 102: 709-717. doi:10.1007/s001220051701.
Author Information
  • Department of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India

  • Department of Microbiology, Marine Biology, and Virology, University of Modern Sciences, Dubai, UAE

  • Department of Science, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, India

  • Department of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. (2016). Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. American Journal of Life Sciences, 4(6), 175-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Sudhir S. P.; Alagappan Kumarappan; Jainendra Malakar; H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am. J. Life Sci. 2016, 4(6), 175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am J Life Sci. 2016;4(6):175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15,
      author = {Sudhir S. P. and Alagappan Kumarappan and Jainendra Malakar and H. N. Verma},
      title = {Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers},
      journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
      volume = {4},
      number = {6},
      pages = {175-180},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20160406.15},
      abstract = {Nigella sativa  is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa  seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa  from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa  to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa  seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers
    AU  - Sudhir S. P.
    AU  - Alagappan Kumarappan
    AU  - Jainendra Malakar
    AU  - H. N. Verma
    Y1  - 2016/12/12
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
    T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
    SP  - 175
    EP  - 180
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
    AB  - Nigella sativa  is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa  seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa  from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa  to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa  seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections