International Journal of Genetics and Genomics

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Genetic Diversity of Groundnut Rosette Disease Causal Agents Towards Its Management: A Review

Received: 07 March 2019    Accepted: 16 April 2019    Published: 03 June 2019
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Abstract

In this review, the genetic diversity of the three causal agents of Groundnut Rosette Disease (GRD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are discussed. Epidemics of GRD viruses in SSA, often reduce groundnut productivity. The etiology of GRD is a complex, involving three agents; Groundnut rosette assistor luteovirus (GRAV), Groundnut rosette umbravirus (GRV) and a Satellite-RNA (Sat-RNA) of GRV. The complex etiology and lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, are major limitations in understanding the epidemiology of GRD viruses, and developing appropriate management strategies for the disease. Nucleotide identity of 97 to 100% among GRAV isolates from different regions in Kenya have been reported. Sat-RNA sequences from Kenya shared nucleotide identity of 95% with Malawian isolate (M24S) and 89% with Nigerian isolate (NG3a). GRAV CP gene was highly conserved (97-99%) regardless of the geographical distance. However, for GRV and Sat-RNA diversity increased with increase in geographical distance. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates of GRV (ORF3 and 4) and Sat-RNA clustered together depending on the country of origin. Recent study has unveiled a chlorotic variant of Sat-RNA in Kenya with 97% sequence identity to the Malawian chlorotic isolate (M24S). Pathogen derived resistance (PDR) suitable for each diverse regions where the disease occurs is a promising management strategy which mainly depends in studies to deeply understand the genetic diversity of the three GRD causal agents. Currently, GRAV-CP is the best candidate for PDR.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12
Published in International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2019)
Page(s) 12-17
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Arachis hypogaea, GRAV, GRV, Sat-RNA, Sequence Diversity

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences (SONAS), Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST), Kakamega, Kenya

  • Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences (SONAS), Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST), Kakamega, Kenya

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    Benard Mukoye, Anthony Simiyu Mabele. (2019). Genetic Diversity of Groundnut Rosette Disease Causal Agents Towards Its Management: A Review. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 7(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12

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    Benard Mukoye; Anthony Simiyu Mabele. Genetic Diversity of Groundnut Rosette Disease Causal Agents Towards Its Management: A Review. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2019, 7(1), 12-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12

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    Benard Mukoye, Anthony Simiyu Mabele. Genetic Diversity of Groundnut Rosette Disease Causal Agents Towards Its Management: A Review. Int J Genet Genomics. 2019;7(1):12-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12,
      author = {Benard Mukoye and Anthony Simiyu Mabele},
      title = {Genetic Diversity of Groundnut Rosette Disease Causal Agents Towards Its Management: A Review},
      journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {12-17},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20190701.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20190701.12},
      abstract = {In this review, the genetic diversity of the three causal agents of Groundnut Rosette Disease (GRD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are discussed. Epidemics of GRD viruses in SSA, often reduce groundnut productivity. The etiology of GRD is a complex, involving three agents; Groundnut rosette assistor luteovirus (GRAV), Groundnut rosette umbravirus (GRV) and a Satellite-RNA (Sat-RNA) of GRV. The complex etiology and lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, are major limitations in understanding the epidemiology of GRD viruses, and developing appropriate management strategies for the disease. Nucleotide identity of 97 to 100% among GRAV isolates from different regions in Kenya have been reported. Sat-RNA sequences from Kenya shared nucleotide identity of 95% with Malawian isolate (M24S) and 89% with Nigerian isolate (NG3a). GRAV CP gene was highly conserved (97-99%) regardless of the geographical distance. However, for GRV and Sat-RNA diversity increased with increase in geographical distance. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates of GRV (ORF3 and 4) and Sat-RNA clustered together depending on the country of origin. Recent study has unveiled a chlorotic variant of Sat-RNA in Kenya with 97% sequence identity to the Malawian chlorotic isolate (M24S). Pathogen derived resistance (PDR) suitable for each diverse regions where the disease occurs is a promising management strategy which mainly depends in studies to deeply understand the genetic diversity of the three GRD causal agents. Currently, GRAV-CP is the best candidate for PDR.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    AB  - In this review, the genetic diversity of the three causal agents of Groundnut Rosette Disease (GRD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are discussed. Epidemics of GRD viruses in SSA, often reduce groundnut productivity. The etiology of GRD is a complex, involving three agents; Groundnut rosette assistor luteovirus (GRAV), Groundnut rosette umbravirus (GRV) and a Satellite-RNA (Sat-RNA) of GRV. The complex etiology and lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools, are major limitations in understanding the epidemiology of GRD viruses, and developing appropriate management strategies for the disease. Nucleotide identity of 97 to 100% among GRAV isolates from different regions in Kenya have been reported. Sat-RNA sequences from Kenya shared nucleotide identity of 95% with Malawian isolate (M24S) and 89% with Nigerian isolate (NG3a). GRAV CP gene was highly conserved (97-99%) regardless of the geographical distance. However, for GRV and Sat-RNA diversity increased with increase in geographical distance. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates of GRV (ORF3 and 4) and Sat-RNA clustered together depending on the country of origin. Recent study has unveiled a chlorotic variant of Sat-RNA in Kenya with 97% sequence identity to the Malawian chlorotic isolate (M24S). Pathogen derived resistance (PDR) suitable for each diverse regions where the disease occurs is a promising management strategy which mainly depends in studies to deeply understand the genetic diversity of the three GRD causal agents. Currently, GRAV-CP is the best candidate for PDR.
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