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Analysis on the Physicochemical Properties of Palm Oil Within Isialangwa Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria
Nwosu-Obieogu Kenechi,
Aguele Felix,
Chiemenem Linus,
Adekunle Kayode
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017
Pages:
159-162
Received:
9 February 2017
Accepted:
7 April 2017
Published:
20 May 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbc.20170204.11
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Abstract: Physichochemical analysis of palm oil purchased from some markets in Isiala-Ngwa local government area was carried out to determine the level of adulteration and compared with SON standard for palm oil. The results obtained showed that the palm oil samples from Umuihie had the lowest moisture content value of 0.14 %, though none of the sample exceeded the SON standard of 0.29%, the flash point, fire point, smoke point and specific gravity conformed within same standard. The sample from Umuihie had the closest iodine value of 44.60mg/g and 203.50mg/g for saponification value as compared to 45-53mg/g for iodine value and 195-205 mg/g for saponfication value given by SON also the peroxide value and free fatty acid, all conformed with the standard. Though, the level of conformity of Umuihie sample to SON standard was the closest, other samples were still close, hence there is likelihood that most of oil sold in the markets within Isialangwa Local Government Area are not adulterated.
Abstract: Physichochemical analysis of palm oil purchased from some markets in Isiala-Ngwa local government area was carried out to determine the level of adulteration and compared with SON standard for palm oil. The results obtained showed that the palm oil samples from Umuihie had the lowest moisture content value of 0.14 %, though none of the sample excee...
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Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni Phytotoxicity Assessment as Function of Its Substance Polarity Shift
Nataliia O. Ryzhenko,
Sergiy V. Kavetsky,
Volodymyr M. Kavetsky
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017
Pages:
163-173
Received:
11 February 2017
Accepted:
25 April 2017
Published:
20 June 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbc.20170204.12
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Abstract: In this paper we investigate the use of probit analysis for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni) toxicity for spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in sod -podzolic sandy loam soil and chernozem soil. Toxicity of studied reduced in the following order: Cd>Cu>Ni>Co>Zn>Pb (chernozem soil). Tight correlation between studied metals phytotoxicity for plants of spring barley and polarity shift caused by adding to organic matrix - diphenilthiocarbazone (Ditizone) the metals under study was observed. It approach may be prominent for metals risk assessment.
Abstract: In this paper we investigate the use of probit analysis for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni) toxicity for spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in sod -podzolic sandy loam soil and chernozem soil. Toxicity of studied reduced in the following order: Cd>Cu>Ni>Co>Zn>Pb (chernozem soil). Tight correlation between studied metals phytoto...
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Effect of Some Traditional Processing Methods on Nutritional Composition and Alkaloid Content of Lupin Bean
Yadesa Abeshu,
Biadge Kefale
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017
Pages:
174-179
Received:
26 July 2017
Accepted:
7 August 2017
Published:
30 August 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbc.20170204.13
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Abstract: Sweet and bitter lupin bean were processed by traditional common processing methods soaking, cooking, fermenting and germinating techniques. The proximate, mineral and alkaloid content of unprocessed, soaked, fermented, germinated and cooked sweet as well as bitter lupin were determined. According to the results crude protein and carbohydrate were significantly highest in soaked and cooked than in fermented and germinated lupin bean. Fiber content, fat content and total ash were significantly reduced in cooked, soaked and fermented bean, but fiber and total ash significantly increased for the germinated sweet and bitter lupin. In the sweet lupin K, Zn, Fe levels were significantly reduced in soaked, fermented and cooked bean, but Na level was significantly highest in germinated, soaked and cooked except in fermented lupin bean. For the bitter lupin K level was significantly increased in soaked, cooked, fermented and germinated bean. But Ca and Na level significantly increased in cooked bean only. Fe and Zn significantly reduced in, cooked, soaked, fermented and germinated. Alkaloid content of the bean was significantly reduced in soaked, cooked, fermented and germinated, but it was highly influenced by cooking and soaking methods. The results indicated that cooking and soaking enhanced the nutrient contents and drastically reduced the lupin bean alkaloid content.
Abstract: Sweet and bitter lupin bean were processed by traditional common processing methods soaking, cooking, fermenting and germinating techniques. The proximate, mineral and alkaloid content of unprocessed, soaked, fermented, germinated and cooked sweet as well as bitter lupin were determined. According to the results crude protein and carbohydrate were ...
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Physical Properties Changes Accompanies Treating Gasoline Fraction of Petroleum with Synthetic Zeolite
Mutaz Mohamed Ahmed Elshiekh,
Nazar Abdulaziz Elnasri
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017
Pages:
180-184
Received:
20 August 2017
Accepted:
7 September 2017
Published:
30 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbc.20170204.14
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Abstract: The main aim of this work is to study the physical changes in the gasoline portion of the Sudanese petroleum upon treating with synthetic zeolite. Treating gasoline with zeolites usually performed in order to enhance the octane number of the oil. The octane number measures the degree of the gasoline resist to self-ignition prior to combustion. Gasoline with higher octane number has higher tendency to resist self-ignition. Gasoline containing branched and aromatic hydrocarbons resists self-ignition rather than gasoline containing straight chain hydrocarbons. 2,2,4 trimethyl pentane name disooctane (has octane number 100) and n-heptane (has octane number 0) are used to measure the octane number of the oil under the test. Zeolites are frame work of tetrahedral silicates (TO4), with a net negative charge balanced by a positive cation. Zeolite/Li indicating that the Li cation is used to neutralized the frame work. Zeolite/refinery refers to an industrial zeolite brought from Sudanese Petroleum Company. The gasoline portion used before treatment with any zeolites is considered to be a standard and is called a blank. Physical properties (distillation, density, S.G@15OC, Reid vapor pressure and the degree of corrosion) were carried out for the blank, the mixture of zeolite/Li with the gasoline and the mixture of zeolite/refinery with the gasoline. The density of the gasoline after treatment with zeolite/Li was found to be higher than the density of the blank. The Reid vapor pressure of the gasoline after treatment with zeolite/Li was found to be lower than the Reid vapor pressure of the blank. The distillate properties (the initial boiling point IBP and the final boiling point FBP) for the blank, gasoline after treatment with zeolite/Li and zeolite/refinery were not found to change considerably. The blank and the blank after treatment with zeolite/refinery were found to possess the same degree of corrosion (1b) which is the slightly corrosive whereas the blank after treatment with zeolite/Li has a (2c) degree which is moderate corrosive.
Abstract: The main aim of this work is to study the physical changes in the gasoline portion of the Sudanese petroleum upon treating with synthetic zeolite. Treating gasoline with zeolites usually performed in order to enhance the octane number of the oil. The octane number measures the degree of the gasoline resist to self-ignition prior to combustion. Gaso...
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Effect of Foliar Applied Urea on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum Aestivium L.)
Zohaib Ahmed Wagan,
Mahmooda Buriro,
Tufail Ahmed Wagan,
Zahoor Ahmed Wagan,
Sikandar Ali Jamro,
Qurat Ul Ain Memon,
Shoaib Ahmed Wagan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2017
Pages:
185-191
Received:
17 October 2017
Accepted:
2 November 2017
Published:
1 December 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijbc.20170204.15
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Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess effect of foliar application of urea on growth and yield of wheat crop. The field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of foliar applied urea on growth and yield of wheat. The experiment was laid out in a three replicated randomized complete block design (RCBD) having net plot size 5×4m= (20 m2). The wheat verity TJ-83 (Tando Jam-83) was tested against six treatments of foliar applied urea such as (T1= control (sole water), T2=1%, T3= 2%, T4=3%, T5=4%, and T6=5%). Basal dose of phosphorus @ 84 kg ha-1 and nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 was applied at the time of sowing. The results indicated that the maximum plant height (97.1 cm), number of tillers plant-1 (10.0), spike length (12.4 cm), spikeletes spike-1 (22.5) number of grains spike-1 (65.4), grain weight spike-1 (26.4) seed index (73.2 g), straw yield (6275.3 kg ha-1) andgrain yield (5774.6 kg ha-1) was observed in foliar applied urea @ 5%. The results were statistically significant. However, foliar applied urea @ 4% was ranked 2nd and it was recorded the plant height (96.2 cm), number of tillers plant-1 (20.4), spike length (12.0 cm), spikeletes spike-1 (21.8) number of grains spike-1 (63.9), grain weight spike-1 (25.3) seed index (71.7 g), straw yield (6035.3 kg ha-1) and grain yield (5534. 6 kg ha-1). However the foliar applied urea @ 3%, 2% and 1% were also significantly affected on all the growth and yield traits of wheat, whereas, the lowest values were also recorded in control treatment in all the yield traits of wheat.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess effect of foliar application of urea on growth and yield of wheat crop. The field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of foliar applied urea on growth and yield of wheat. The experiment was laid out in a three replicated randomized complete block design (RCBD) having net plot size 5×4m= (20 m2). The whe...
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