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Isolation and Characterization of a Bacillus spp. Against Vibrio Parahaemolyticus from Shrimp Culture Ponds
Mengfan Peng,
Ye Zhang,
Zengfu Song
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
29-37
Received:
23 February 2019
Accepted:
6 May 2019
Published:
4 June 2019
Abstract: Pathogenic Vibrio species is one of the major factors affecting the development of aquaculture and the safety of seafood. Using the antagonistic activity of probiotics against pathogens offers a promising alternative to fish and shrimp aquaculture. In the present study, nine strains of bacteria were isolated from the shrimp culture ponds and screened for their directly antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vp1. Strain G, showing significant antimicrobial and non-hemolytic activity, was selected for further assays. The results of biochemical and 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that strain G highly related to Bacillus licheniformis. The present study also evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antagonistic effect of strain G against the Vibrios. Strain G exhibited significant inhibitory activity of Vibrio fluvialis FX-2, Vibrio parahaemolyticus K, and V. parahaemolyticus Vp1 in vitro. The inhibition diameter of strain G against Vibrio spp. ranged from 16 to 20 mm on Nutrient Agar. Under in vivo conditions, strain G was non-toxic to zebrafish and effectively protected zebrafish against V. parahaemolyticus Vp1. The non-toxicity of strain G showed final survival rate of 100% in zebrafish at inoculation densities up to 5.6×1010 CFU/ml at 96 h postchallenge. A significant reduction in mortality (P<0.001) was found by addition of 1.5×108 CFU/ml or 1.5×107 CFU/ml strain G in zebrafish against V. parahaemolyticus Vp1. In conclusion, the present study result reveals that strain G is a promising probiotic candidate and has potential applications for controlling pathogenic Vibrios in aquaculture practices.
Abstract: Pathogenic Vibrio species is one of the major factors affecting the development of aquaculture and the safety of seafood. Using the antagonistic activity of probiotics against pathogens offers a promising alternative to fish and shrimp aquaculture. In the present study, nine strains of bacteria were isolated from the shrimp culture ponds and screen...
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Production of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on Substrate Composed from Wheat Straw, Waste Paper and Cotton Seed Waste
Abera Getachew,
Asefa Keneni,
Mosisa Chawaka
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
38-44
Received:
17 April 2019
Accepted:
31 May 2019
Published:
26 June 2019
Abstract: Due to the recent insights of the mushroom nutritional and medicinal advantages, interests in mushroom production and consumption have been increasing. The main aim of this paper is to report the effect of substrates’ composed from different mix ratio of wheat straws, waste paper and cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters of oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushroom. The experiment was conducted from December 20017 to March 2018. There were five treatments (T1-T5) with two replications in randomized complete design. The quantitative data were collected and analyzed. The results of this experiments indicated that, the fastest mycelia run was recorded from T4 (19.5 days) for complete colonization and the slowest from T1 (28 days) for complete colonization. Fewer days from colonization to primordial formation was taken for treatment T3 and T4 (2.5 days), while more days taken for T5 (4 days. Larger cap diameter (11.19 cm) was recorded for the mushroom grown on T1. While smaller cap diameter 96.23) was recorded for the mushroom grown on T4, shortest stipe length was recorded from the mushroom on T5 while longest stipe length was recorded for T2, (4.11); highest number of fruits recorded for T3 (41.44) while lowest number of fruits recorded for T5 (22.07). Highest number of aborts recorded for T2 (18.78, while the lowest was recorded for T5 (10.37); Highest number of bunches recorded for T4, (4) while the lowest number of bunches recorded for T5 (1.38). Maximum number of fruits 41.44 (T3), highest biological efficiencies 191.745 (T5), were produced from the different substrate composed from wheat straw, waste paper supplemented with cotton seed waste. Treatments T3 and T4 of this experiment gave maximum total biomass and Biological efficiency so that it could be recommended for pilot or large scale production of oyster mushroom.
Abstract: Due to the recent insights of the mushroom nutritional and medicinal advantages, interests in mushroom production and consumption have been increasing. The main aim of this paper is to report the effect of substrates’ composed from different mix ratio of wheat straws, waste paper and cotton seed waste on growth, yield and yield related parameters o...
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Use of Oil Palm Bunch and Plantain Peel Extracts as Alternative Stimulants in Crude Oil Bioutilization by Species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
45-48
Received:
9 May 2019
Accepted:
10 June 2019
Published:
2 July 2019
Abstract: The potentials of oil palm bunch and plantain peels extracts in the enhancement of crude oil utilization by Bacillus and Pseudomonas species were evaluated. The average concentration of nutrients obtained from the extracts was: Mg = 20.4mg, N2 = 20.7mg, K =63.5mg, Ca = 480.5mg, P =276.5mg and Na = 106.5mg, at pH 6.6 to 8.1 oil palm bunch extract was a better stimulant than plantain peel in the order; MSM > OPB > PP at a correlation of r = 0.55. After 24 hours of incubation, bacillus-LSI utilized the crude oil for carbon and energy better in MSM (91.4%), OPB (52.9%) and PP (50.5%) than Pseudomonas-LSI with 82.6%, 49.4% and 41.5% respectively. The difference in utilization between these test organisms is significantly positive at p > 0.05. Generally, the result imply that organic extract of oil palm bunch and plantain peel are excellent stimulants to crude oil hydrocarbon degrades relative to MSM as control and can be deployed in a cleanup campaign of oil involving less than 10% pollution level in soil and aquatic ecosystems.
Abstract: The potentials of oil palm bunch and plantain peels extracts in the enhancement of crude oil utilization by Bacillus and Pseudomonas species were evaluated. The average concentration of nutrients obtained from the extracts was: Mg = 20.4mg, N2 = 20.7mg, K =63.5mg, Ca = 480.5mg, P =276.5mg and Na = 106.5mg, at pH 6.6 to 8.1 oil palm bunch extract wa...
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Resistant Plasmid Profile Analysis of Shigella spp Isolated from Stool Samples of School Children from Selected Communities in Odeda Local Government, Ogun State
Ajayi Olufunke,
Akinrotoye Kehinde Peter,
Akinduti Paul Akinniyi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2019
Pages:
49-54
Received:
23 May 2019
Accepted:
20 June 2019
Published:
10 July 2019
Abstract: Shigellosis is a worldwide health concern especially in developing countries with poor sanitation, lack of personal hygiene and use of contaminated water supplies especially for young children. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Shigella strains incidence imply that shigellosis is an unsolved global health problem causing diarrhoea. This study therefore was carried out to determine the resistant plasmids of multidrug resistant serotypes of Shigella species isolated from stool samples of school children among selected communities in Odeda Local government with their biodata. A total of 10 Shigella spp isolates were obtained from stool samples collected from school children. Antibiotics susceptibility was performed and multi-drug resistant isolates were selected for plasmid profiling. Plasmid profiling of multi-drug resistant Shigella isolates was done by alkaline lysis method. Molecular characterization for identification of the bacterial isolates was carried out using 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Data obtained were analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Somatic serotyping characterized the isolates to be Shigella flexneri (2.02%), Shigella boydii (1.2%) and Shigella sonnei (0.81%). Plasmid profile analysis showed detectable plasmids with estimated sizes between 100bp to 1200bp. Genomic characterization revealed the isolates belonging to Shigella sonnei strain M-X2D, Shigella flexneri strain MHW4.1 and Shigella boydii strain 3052-94. This study confirmed the emergence of multidrug resistant R-plasmids among Shigella spp causing diarrhoea amongst school children in Abeokuta environs, Nigeria.
Abstract: Shigellosis is a worldwide health concern especially in developing countries with poor sanitation, lack of personal hygiene and use of contaminated water supplies especially for young children. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Shigella strains incidence imply that shigellosis is an unsolved global health problem causing diarrhoea. This study th...
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