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Obstructing Sleep Apnea in Pregnancy
Waseem Qureshi,
M. Ismail,
G. Hassan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
6-9
Received:
24 January 2018
Accepted:
11 February 2018
Published:
3 April 2018
Abstract: Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most important and treatable form of sleep disordered breathing is common in significant proportion of general population, and also in pregnant women. Method: our study including 1000 population based study and was question wear based. During the periods of apnea there is fall in oxygen saturation because of collapse of upper airways. In pregnant females, this process I.e. exaggerated by hormonal influence. Result: There is significant literature demonstrating adverse effects of maternal and fetal outcome, and, treatment of OSA has demonstrated remarkable improvement in the maternal and fetal well being. Conclusion: So keeping public health in view, the article emphasizes basic concepts addressing this issue and management strategies for better maternal and fetal outcome.
Abstract: Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the most important and treatable form of sleep disordered breathing is common in significant proportion of general population, and also in pregnant women. Method: our study including 1000 population based study and was question wear based. During the periods of apnea there is fall in oxygen saturation beca...
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Neuropilins - Past, Present and Future: A Review of Its Anti-Neoplastic Potential
Ekpe E. L.,
Okorie Elsie,
Emin Emin,
Ekpe Victor
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
10-14
Received:
10 February 2018
Accepted:
25 February 2018
Published:
3 April 2018
Abstract: Recently, cancer progression has been linked to a trans-membrane receptor, neuropilin. Studies show that neuropilins are widely distributed in the body and these receptors appear to control the vasculirization of tumors. Neuropilins 1 and 2 are known to be involved in angiogenesis and vascular development and are receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the class 3 semaphorins. Angiogenesis, which is a feature of many malignancies, is aided by increased neuropilin expression. Hence, high neuropilin expression correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Attempts are being made to suppress tumor growth and invasion by employing agents that suppress angiogenesis. This is of great interest, because blockade or inhibition of these molecules may be used as therapeutic agents in cancer therapy. In this review, the molecular biology and current knowledge of neuropilins are explored with a view to identifying their therapeutic potentials. In conclusion, neuropilin targeted intervention may be relevant as anti-cancer therapy.
Abstract: Recently, cancer progression has been linked to a trans-membrane receptor, neuropilin. Studies show that neuropilins are widely distributed in the body and these receptors appear to control the vasculirization of tumors. Neuropilins 1 and 2 are known to be involved in angiogenesis and vascular development and are receptors for vascular endothelial ...
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Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review
Rabiu Musa Kutama,
Safiyya Abdulkadir,
Sani Ahmad Kwalli,
Gambo Chiroma
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
15-25
Received:
3 February 2018
Accepted:
9 March 2018
Published:
14 April 2018
Abstract: Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible for various pharmacological activities in Nigerian medicinal plants. This paper discussed the meaning and historical development of medicinal plants. A brief account of phytochemicals (alkaloids and flavonoids) were also given. The plants presented in this paper confirmed the pharmacological activities of these plants and includes; anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antibacterial, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antithypoid, antitumor, antileishmanial, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antituberculosis, analgesic as well as others.
Abstract: Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible f...
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Evaluation of Low Tidal Volume During General Anesthesia in Prone Position on Respiratory Functions
Mohamed Shahat Badawy,
Marwa Nasr Eldin Hamed,
Ahmed El-Saied Abdel Rahman,
Salman Osama Hamdy,
Ahmed Yosef Abdel Zaher
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
26-32
Received:
20 April 2018
Accepted:
8 May 2018
Published:
1 July 2018
Abstract: Background: Surgery is accompanied by postoperative pulmonary functions impairment especially in the prone position. There is evidence suggested that using low tidal volume during general anesthesia may decrease post-operative lung injury. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low tidal volume on lung functions during mechanical ventilation for general anesthesia while patients lying in the prone position. A prospective clinical trial was performed on 88 patients ASA I&II scheduled for elective surgery while patients lying prone and were randomly assigned to either protective ventilation group A with tidal volume; 5-7 ml/kg, 10 cm H2O positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) with recruitment maneuver (RM) or conventional group B with Tidal Volume; 10-12 ml/kg, without both PEEP and RM. The primary efficacy variables were assessed by pulmonary function tests, performed before surgery, and 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. Improvement of lung functions were found in the first post-operative 6 and 12 hours in the low tidal volume group and significant difference was found in all parameters P value 0.001 except PaO2/FIO2 ratio P value 0.4. After 24 hours there were significant difference in the FVC, predicted FEV1 and FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio being higher in the low tidal volume group with P value 0.001. Patients in both groups showed similar rates of postoperative chest complications without significant difference. Lung protective ventilation improved lung functions in the first post-operative 24 hours. There was no significant postoperative chest complications difference between the two groups.
Abstract: Background: Surgery is accompanied by postoperative pulmonary functions impairment especially in the prone position. There is evidence suggested that using low tidal volume during general anesthesia may decrease post-operative lung injury. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low tidal volume on lung functions during mechanical ventilation fo...
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Ringer’S Lactate Versus Sterofundin ® Iso in Paediatric Surgical Patients: The Acid Base and Electrolytes Assessment
Hasyizan Mohamad Hassan,
Nurul Ashikin Hasbullah,
Saedah Ali,
Ruwaida Isa
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
33-39
Received:
14 January 2018
Accepted:
14 May 2018
Published:
4 July 2018
Abstract: The ideal intraoperative intravenous fluid in paediatric anaesthesia and surgery is still debatable. This is essential to overcome physiological changes to maintain safety and wellbeing of the patient. A new isotonic “balanced solution” (Sterofundin ® ISO) has been introduced to replace existing intraoperative fluid of choice (Ringer’s Lactate). The study aimed to observe any changes in electrolytes and acid base after infusion of each study solutions and to evaluate any post infusion electrolytes and acid base differences between both study solutions. The double blinded randomized control trial involved 141 paediatric patients who were subjected to minor surgical procedure of less than 3 hours were randomized into Ringer’s Lactate or Sterofundin ® ISO group. The electrolytes and acid base parameters were assessed at pre-infusion and post-infusion time. There were significant difference in glucose, potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-) level between pre-infusion and post-infusion values with those given Ringer’s Lactate. There were also significant different in pH, base excess, glucose, Calcium (Ca2+), Chloride (Cl) and lactate level between pre-infusion and post-infusion values with Sterofundin ® ISO. When comparing the mean difference (pre-infusion and post-infusion) between Ringer’s Lactate and Sterofundin ® ISO, calcium (Ca2+) is the only electrtolyte which found to be significant (P=0.015) with the values of (Means±SD 0.005±0.07) mmol/L and (Means±SD 0.02±0.06) mmol/L respectively. Both study solutions showed variable effects of electrolytes and acid base parameters and no fluid was found to be superior in paediatric surgical patients underwent minor surgery of less than three hours.
Abstract: The ideal intraoperative intravenous fluid in paediatric anaesthesia and surgery is still debatable. This is essential to overcome physiological changes to maintain safety and wellbeing of the patient. A new isotonic “balanced solution” (Sterofundin ® ISO) has been introduced to replace existing intraoperative fluid of choice (Ringer’s Lactate). Th...
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The Effect of Spinal Anaesthesia on Penile Tumescence
Sotonye Fyneface-Ogan,
Ngozi Onyeanunam Ekeke
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, June 2018
Pages:
40-44
Received:
19 June 2018
Accepted:
3 July 2018
Published:
30 July 2018
Abstract: It is a common observation that following spinal anaesthesia, the penis usually elongates. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of change in penile length following spinal anaesthesia. Consecutive urosurgical patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia were recruited for this study. Those who received general anaesthesia or incomplete spinal blocked were also excluded. The flaccid length of the penis was measured before and after the administration of spinal anaesthesia. Penile length 15 minutes post-spinal anaesthesia was measured and recorded. The change in length was tested for statistical significant difference, the age of patient; diagnosis and type of surgery were also recorded. Forty three patients completed the study. Benign prostatic hypertrophy constituted 41.9% of the surgical indications. While 53.5% of the patients were ASA I, 39.5% and 7.0% of them were ASA II and III respectively. While the mean initial penile length was 12.1 ± 0.53 cm and the mean final length was 15.7 ± 0.53 cm, the mean maximal change in penile length was 3.6±1.5 cm; p<0.0001. There was no statistical correlation between age and mean differential change in length of penis (r= -0.2842, p=0.43). It was therefore concluded that there was a significant change in penile length (tumescence) following successful spinal anaesthesia.
Abstract: It is a common observation that following spinal anaesthesia, the penis usually elongates. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of change in penile length following spinal anaesthesia. Consecutive urosurgical patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia were recruited for this study. Those who received general anaesthesia or incomplete spina...
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