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Study on the Variation Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment in Taizihe Watershed, Liaoning Province
Liu Heping,
Wang Xiuying,
Feng Lin,
Liang Fengguo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
444-454
Received:
7 November 2018
Accepted:
Published:
8 November 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.21
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Abstract: Based on runoff and suspended sediment of 9 stream gauging stations and precipitation of 31rainfall statsions from 1973 to 2011 in Taizihe River watershed, areal composition, temporal trend and relationship of runoff and sediment were analyzed. The results showed that the feature of runoff and sediment came from different areas existed above Benxi hydrometric station, while runoff and sediment came from the same area in the Benxi-Liaoyang section, where the erosion and sediment yield were severe, with the percentages of sediment discharge from tributaries larger than the percentages of area and runoff, however, because of reservoirs, a large amount of sediment deposited in this section. The feature of runoff and sediment came from different areas also existed in Liaoyang-Tangmazhai section, with Liaoyang and Lishan as the source of runoff and other areas of sediment. For the 9 hydrometric stations, the average correlation coefficient between precipitation and runoff depth, modulus of sediment yield, and sediment concentration was 0.895, 0.607, and 0.315, respectively, indicating a decreasing correlation. The Mann-Kendall trend test showed there was no trend in precipitation, and insignificant decreasing trends in runoff depth and runoff coefficient. There were 5 hydrometric stations showed significant decreasing trend in modulus of sediment yield and 1 station significant increasing trend. There were 6 hydrometric stations showed significant decreasing trend in sediment concentration and 1 station significant increasing trend. The double mass curves analysis showed that under the same precipitation, the runoff depth of only 3 hydrometric stations decreased from 1997, and under the same runoff depth, decreasing trend in the modulus occurred for 6 hydrometric stations, increasing trend for 1 station, and no trend for 2 stations.
Abstract: Based on runoff and suspended sediment of 9 stream gauging stations and precipitation of 31rainfall statsions from 1973 to 2011 in Taizihe River watershed, areal composition, temporal trend and relationship of runoff and sediment were analyzed. The results showed that the feature of runoff and sediment came from different areas existed above Benxi ...
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Study of Hydrodynamic Characteristics for Planing Craft in Regular Wave of Self-Navigation Mode
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
455-464
Received:
7 November 2018
Accepted:
Published:
8 November 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.22
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Abstract: Based on the computational fluid dynamics software FINE/Marine numerical simulation is performed to study hydrodynamic characteristics of the high speed planning craft in self-navigation mode, where the wave height(H) is 0.2 meters and the value setfor wave lengths(λ) are 0.5L, 1L, 1.5L, 2L. According to the relation between planing craft’s motion response and different wave periods, analysis of the distribution of pressure, velocity and water in the bottom of the boat was done. And the variation of the parameters such as lift, resistance, heave, pitch and wet area with wave period was studied. The results show that hydrodynamic characteristics of planing craft changes periodically with time, and the peak of the resistance reaches its maximum when the wave length is equal to the captain. The heave and pitch angles reach dynamic equilibrium, and the oscillation period is about the encounter period of planning craft in the wave. There is often a slamming phenomenon, the fluid from the bottom of the boat and diffuses toward the tail, can catch the obvious spray phenomenon. In addition, the FINE/Marine software is proved to be feasible for the numerical simulation of planing craft in regular waves, which provides the theoretical foundation for the later study of spray resistance of planing craft.
Abstract: Based on the computational fluid dynamics software FINE/Marine numerical simulation is performed to study hydrodynamic characteristics of the high speed planning craft in self-navigation mode, where the wave height(H) is 0.2 meters and the value setfor wave lengths(λ) are 0.5L, 1L, 1.5L, 2L. According to the relation between planing craft’s motion ...
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Analysis of Housing Construction Performance of Farmers and Herdsmen in Severe Cold Regions
Zhang Chenghua,
Sun Qianqian,
Qiu Jisheng
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
465-470
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.24
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Abstract: On the occasion of the severe situation of global energy crisis, energy consumption and environmental pollution have become the focus of increasing attention. Under the situation of underdeveloped economy in Western China, exploring the construction of low-energy and low-cost low-energy housing for farmers and herdsmen has become an important issue in the development of human settlements environment construction in Western China. Firstly, this paper explores the type of local residential buildings -Zhuangke in Qinghai province, and analyses them from the aspects of interior space, construction materials and construction structure, extracting the inspiration points for the design of new modern farmer and herdsman housing. On the basis of studying the traditional residential village steamed buns, based on ECOTECT ecological analysis software, combining with the construction needs of farmers and herdsmen in cold areas and the experience of traditional ecological residential buildings, the climate conditions in cold areas are analyzed, and renewable energy technologies such as solar energy are fully applied to explore low cost from different types of building space. The construction performance of new high-performance, green, low-carbon and healthy farmer and herdsman housing is compared and analyzed, and the low-energy consumption farmer and herdsman housing type suitable for local alpine climate conditions is selected. Focus on the architectural design itself, through comparing the energy-saving ways of different single building space forms, design the farmer and herdsman housing which can reflect the local architectural style and adapt to the local residents'lifestyle.
Abstract: On the occasion of the severe situation of global energy crisis, energy consumption and environmental pollution have become the focus of increasing attention. Under the situation of underdeveloped economy in Western China, exploring the construction of low-energy and low-cost low-energy housing for farmers and herdsmen has become an important issue...
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The Reference of Singapore ABC Water Plan to China's Sponge City: A Case Study of Singapore Interlaced Building
Hu Jiayu,
Fan Xiaohui,
Shu Yang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
471-476
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.25
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Abstract: In order to solve the increasingly serious water environment problems in Chinese cities, the concept of sponge city in China is being gradually applied in the process of urban construction, and needs to be optimized in practice. ABC water project in Singapore integrates three elements (water gathering elements, water treatment elements, transportation and water storage elements) into the source, path and direction of rain flood management in line with the water management strategy in the overall storm flood management. The site development of ABC water project includes urban surface environment such as circulation facilities, structures, vegetation, waterways, water bodies and other water collecting elements. Water treatment elements and water collecting elements complement each other and can be used to slow down, hold up and purify the initial rainwater. Water transport and storage elements mainly refer to water facilities such as waterways and water bodies, covering Singapore rainwater management network. Due to the different urban planning parameters and space configuration, each site will have different planning strategies. This paper takes the Singapore intersecting building as an example to study the coordination and reference role of ABC water plan in sponge city, and thus provides some enlightenment for the construction of China's sponge city.
Abstract: In order to solve the increasingly serious water environment problems in Chinese cities, the concept of sponge city in China is being gradually applied in the process of urban construction, and needs to be optimized in practice. ABC water project in Singapore integrates three elements (water gathering elements, water treatment elements, transportat...
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Research on Design of Power Generation Breakwater
Han Xiaonan,
Sun Shuhong,
Gu Jianyong,
Hu Yinan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
477-480
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.26
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Abstract: Tidal energy is a kind of new renewable energy with abundant potential and clean and pollution-free, and its exploitation and utilization can effectively alleviate the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution in China. The utilization of modern tidal energy is mainly reflected in the generation of tidal power. This design aims to study a kind of power generation breakwater, to utilize tidal energy and reduce the erosion damage of wave on the breakwater. It provides reasonable reference for the future study of tidal energy development and utilization. The knowledge of hydraulics and wave energy generation is used for calculation. The wave impact force is calculated and the power generation device structure is optimized. Tidal energy is transformed into electric energy by installing a generating unit on the breakwater, and at the same time，the turbine of the unit is used to slow down the wave washing, which plays a protective role on the breakwater, and can be applied in the breakwater project. In this study, innovative new design concept is proposed for the deficiencies in the research and development of power generation breakwater in China, and the future development trend of power generation breakwater is prospected. The development of wave energy according to local conditions will become the future research and development direction of China in this field.
Abstract: Tidal energy is a kind of new renewable energy with abundant potential and clean and pollution-free, and its exploitation and utilization can effectively alleviate the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution in China. The utilization of modern tidal energy is mainly reflected in the generation of tidal power. This design aims to stud...
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Secondary Minerals and Their Significance from AMD
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
481-488
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.27
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Abstract: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most important research subjects of mine environmental treatment and remediation. In recent years, quite a little scholars, at home and abroad, have studied the types, characteristics, formation sequence and assemblages of a majority of secondary mineral resources in acid mine drainage, and so on. And on this basis the secondary minerals, such as jarosite and schwertmannite, were experimentally tested, and the adsorption and passivation ability of several main secondary minerals to heavy metal ion was tested as well. In this paper, the types of secondary minerals found in the acid mine drainage which formed in different environments were summarized systematically and elaborately. In the past a dozen years, the formation sequence and assemblages of these secondary minerals were made a preliminary study. The formation conditions, chemical synthesis methods and conditions of jarosite and schwertmannite, Basaluminite, goethite, hematite, and other main secondary minerals which may have the application value were elaborately discussed and analyzed. And furthermore, the adsorption capacity and passivation of heavy metal ions was analyzed. In the end, the application prospects and application ways of these typical main secondary minerals in acid mine drainage were summed up.
Abstract: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most important research subjects of mine environmental treatment and remediation. In recent years, quite a little scholars, at home and abroad, have studied the types, characteristics, formation sequence and assemblages of a majority of secondary mineral resources in acid mine drainage, and so on. And on this ...
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Parameter Identification Method Based on Model Degradation
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
489-494
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.28
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Abstract: Vortex-induced resonance is a complex coupling phenomenon. Vortex-induced vertical force (VIVF) model describes the characteristics of the vortex-induced force in resonance. Improper parameters can distort the model, so accurately identifying the parameters of the model is a current research hotspot. In this paper, a parameter identification method based on model degradation is proposed. A constant term is used to replace the harmonic force term in the model. The degenerated model is a linear combination of the nonlinear basis functions. Therefore, the linear fitting method is used to identify the model parameters. Based on the fit of VIVF, the performance of identification algorithm is evaluated. The results of Wilcoxon’s and Friedman’s nonparametric tests show that the identification algorithm is the best.
Abstract: Vortex-induced resonance is a complex coupling phenomenon. Vortex-induced vertical force (VIVF) model describes the characteristics of the vortex-induced force in resonance. Improper parameters can distort the model, so accurately identifying the parameters of the model is a current research hotspot. In this paper, a parameter identification method...
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Application of BIM Technology in the Expansion and Reconstruction of Municipal Projects
Guo Linsheng,
Liu Bo,
Fan Xuening
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
495-499
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.29
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Abstract: With the development of society, the roads planned and designed in the past can't meet the daily traffic demand nowadays. Traffic congestion has become a common problem in urban development. The existing roads also involve the urban waterlogging in the rainy season in the south, so the existing road reconstruction and expansion projects are imminent. In the municipal renovation and expansion projects, the traditional design method has been unable to meet the actual construction requirements. At the same time, the emergence and application of building information model (hereinafter referred to as "BIM") technology has brought new opportunities and vitality to the development of engineering construction industry. However, the application of BIM technology in municipal roads can not be better developed and promoted in this field due to its less application and scarcity of actual combat projects. Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional pipeline integrated design, this paper introduces BIM technology into the actual project, and optimizes the design scheme by using the functions of three-dimensional visualization information, information sharing, collision inspection and scheme optimization of BIM technology, which reduces the design changes of the project, guarantees the project schedule and saves the project cost. At the same time, in the process of building the three-dimensional model, the process of virtual construction is realized, the problems that may arise in the construction are found in advance, and solved to make the design more reasonable.
Abstract: With the development of society, the roads planned and designed in the past can't meet the daily traffic demand nowadays. Traffic congestion has become a common problem in urban development. The existing roads also involve the urban waterlogging in the rainy season in the south, so the existing road reconstruction and expansion projects are imminen...
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Research on Optimization Design of Railway Bridge Damping Tenon in High-intensity Seismic Area
Pang Lin,
Zeng Yongping,
Dong Jun
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
500-505
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.30
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Abstract: The railway bridge damping tenon device can not only provide lateral, longitudinal and vertical stiffness, which means that the displacement of main beam will be effectively limited under earthquakes. The energy dissipation system formed by shock-absorbing bearing-damping tenon also has significant energy consumption performance, which can meet the seismic demand of the bridge in the high seismic intensity zone of the southwest mountainous area. However, the gap and yield force of the damping tenon and the design parameters of shock-absorbing bearing have a significant impact on the seismic isolation effect and on the limitation of the main beam displacement. Therefore, this paper takes the typical high-speed railway bridge in the southwest mountainous near-fault zones as research object, and a refined finite element analysis model of the bridge system considering the nonlinear dynamic coupling effects such as geometry, material and contact is established to study the most suitable design parameters of damping tenon. In general, the shock absorption rate of the pier bottom bending moment increases with the increases of the tenon’s gap and decreases with the increase of the tenon’s yield force. However, the determination of the damping tenon’s design parameters requires a comprehensive consideration of displacement limitation of the main beam. The research results can provide a basis for the optimization design of railway bridge damping tenon device in the future.
Abstract: The railway bridge damping tenon device can not only provide lateral, longitudinal and vertical stiffness, which means that the displacement of main beam will be effectively limited under earthquakes. The energy dissipation system formed by shock-absorbing bearing-damping tenon also has significant energy consumption performance, which can meet the...
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Deformation and Force Numerical Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit in Soil-Rock Dualistic Stratum
Guo Kang,
Huang Cong,
Zhang Huang,
Ding Jianwen
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
506-513
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.31
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Abstract: Based on the finite element calculation software Plaxis, the numerical simulation of the deep foundation pit of the Nanjing Metro Engineering Second-Bridge-Park Station was carried out. The calculation results were in good agreement with the monitoring values of the surface settlement 5m away from the foundation pit as well as two typical horizontal displacement of the pile, indicating the reliability of the model. The model was used to analyze the soil deformation, surface settlement, pile displacement and pile stress in the soil-rock combination stratum. The results showed that the pile deformation mainly occured in the soil part in the deep foundation pit of soil and rock combination stratum. Moreover, the maximum displacement was below the middle part of the soil part; the maximum surface settlement was located 0.35H away from the pile (H was of excavation depth); the sudden change of the pile body was basically at the boundary between the soil and the rock as well as the bottom part of the pit, which showed that the deformation of the foundation pit of the soil-rock combination stratum was closely related to the thickness of the soil layer and the excavation depth of the foundation pit. Numerical simulation using Plaxis software could provide a proof for the design and construction of foundation pits.
Abstract: Based on the finite element calculation software Plaxis, the numerical simulation of the deep foundation pit of the Nanjing Metro Engineering Second-Bridge-Park Station was carried out. The calculation results were in good agreement with the monitoring values of the surface settlement 5m away from the foundation pit as well as two typical horizonta...
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A Review of Acupuncture in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Dong Sha,
Li Qi,
Zhao Dongjie,
Wang Yuhua,
Xin Suicheng
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
514-520
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.32
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Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an incurable inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system around the world, which damages motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function, and has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and disability rate. Treatment strategy of MS in the world is dominated by glucocorticoid and disease-modify treatments (DMTs). However, due to the shortage of drugs, expensive price, poor response to treatment, obvious side effects and so on, it gradually becomes a common goal of Chinese and Western medicine research, that we must actively explore more effective and optimal treatment strategies to control the recurrence of MS, improve neurological function disability and patient’s quality of life. Clinical reports in recent years have demonstrated that acupuncture has these characteristics of improving neurological disability, reducing fatigue, improving gait abnormality and spasm, alleviating pain, improving bladder function damage, preventing recurrence and improving whole health status in treating MS. It may become a potential ideal complementary and alternative therapy for MS. However, there are relatively few studies on the mechanism of acupuncture treatment of MS and lack of high grade evidence to support it. Undoubtedly, it’s clinical application is limited. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model is a common animal model to study the pathophysiological mechanism of MS and evaluate the efficacy of drugs. Experimental evidences show that acupuncture intervention EAE can regulate the secretion of related immune cells and inflammatory factors, alleviate nerve injury and promote nerve rehabilitation. Therefore, in this review, we will retrospect and summarize the recent advances in acupuncture treatment of MS and EAE. So that we can understand the mechanism of acupuncture intervention in MS/EAE better, as well as provide evidence and new perspective for further clinical and scientific research in the future.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an incurable inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system around the world, which damages motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function, and has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and disability rate. Treatment strategy of MS in the world is dominated by glucocorticoid and disease-m...
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Flexible Workshop Scheduling Decision Based on Heuristic Algorithm
Xuanzheng Wang,
Haoyang Luo,
Juntang Zhang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
521-528
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.33
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Abstract: In view of the realistic scenes in the flexible shop scheduling problem, the models are abstracted from different machining processes and machine tool failures. For this NP-hard problem, consider a variety of flexible scheduling heuristics, compare their global search and local search performance and discuss the adaptability of different scenarios. Scenario 1 uses a tabu search algorithm and defines the scope of each decision based on analysis and practice.;Scenario 2 analyzes the problems of CNC tool change, loading and unloading matching, process information preservation, etc. The algorithm selection is based on the comparative discussion of model one, and innovatively applies the tabu search algorithm idea to the recombination and mutation part of the genetic algorithm. The model can better encode the process information while ensuring strong local search ability, and adjust the search range of the model to solve the planning time convergence problem, and adjust the order to solve the "circular decision" problem in the model; Scenario 3 adds CNC random fault simulation, re-plans the decision model call time, and redesigns the process save decision of model two. In the model promotion, the algorithm of multi-RGV scheduling problem is discussed, and the applicability and efficiency of the model are clarified.
Abstract: In view of the realistic scenes in the flexible shop scheduling problem, the models are abstracted from different machining processes and machine tool failures. For this NP-hard problem, consider a variety of flexible scheduling heuristics, compare their global search and local search performance and discuss the adaptability of different scenarios....
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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Rv1987, TB7.7 Protein's Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Identification
Xiangru Li,
Jifu Ma,
Ying Xu,
Lijie Chen,
Jinmeng Song,
Feng Shi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
529-534
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.34
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Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogen of tuberculosis and has relatively high epideictic and mortality among human. It is the second most life-threatening infectious disease second only to AIDS，so it is very important for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. In our experiment, RV1987 and TB7.7 recombinant plasmids of mycobacterium tuberculosis were constructed. The specific protein RV1987 and TB7.7 of mycobacterium tuberculosis were prokaryotic expressed, purified and identified in Escherichia coli. Our experiment lay a sound foundation for the subsequent serological diagnosis of tuberculosis as to obtain the high-purity target protein. Methods: use the genome of H37Rv as template to amplify the target gene and cloned it into prokaryotic expression vector, then transformed it into E. coli C43 (DE3) strain. After that, go through induced, expressed and purified in order to obtain recombinant protein.Results: the recombinant plasmid of RV1987 protein and TB7.7 protein was successfully constructed and expressed to obtain purified products, which were purified by affinity chromatography with a purity greater than 90%. The concentrations of RV1987 and TB7.7 proteins were 413 microns /mL and 1693 microns /mL. Rv1987 protein was expressed in inclusion body. TB7.7 protein was expressed in both supernatant and inclusion body, and the expression in supernatant was slightly higher than In inclusion body. Western Blot showed that all the above proteins could react with the positive serum of tuberculosis and had good reactivity. Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the most common system for gene engineering to express heterogenous proteins and widely used by researchers because of its relatively high expression efficiency. The experimental results showed that we obtained by prokaryotic expression and purification of two specific protein has good response to the original, in the subsequent experiments is obtained by testing several protein specificity and sensitivity, we can on the basis of the existing stimulus antigen screen is suitable for our country crowd IGRAs stimulus antigen, as rapid auxiliary diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), thus improve the serum antibody detection of TB case detection and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.
Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogen of tuberculosis and has relatively high epideictic and mortality among human. It is the second most life-threatening infectious disease second only to AIDS，so it is very important for the prevention and control of tuberculosis. In our experiment, RV1987 and TB7.7 recombinant plasmids of mycobacterium tubercu...
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Health Management for the Aged: Status, Problems and Countermeasures - A Case Study of Q Community
Changhong Liu,
Liping Yang,
Hong Fu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
535-541
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.35
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Abstract: Taking the Q community in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province as an example, this paper examines the elderly health management and its service status on the basis of qualitative research. On the basis of the purposeful sampling, the researchers selected three elderly people as the respondents in a combination of intensity sampling and stratified sampling. Each respondents was interviewed approximately 45 minutes interview twice by semi-structured interviews. After obtaining the consent of the respondents, the researchers recorded and transcribed the interviews, and based on this, they used open coding combined with generic analysis and situational analysis to conduct in-depth analysis, refinement and induction of the interview data. All subjects read and signed the Informed Consent Form of the study, and the entire research process strictly followed the ethical principles of qualitative research. The study found that: (1) The current health management model for the elderly is mainly self-management, family management and community management. The services provided by the government are mainly realized through community, and will gradually deepen family and self-management; (2) The problems existing in the health management of the elderly include errors of personal health concept and lack of health behaviors, abandon family health management for children, low level of the quality and efficiency of community health management and insufficient attention of mental health. (3) Health management of the elderly requires self-family-community tripartite collaboration: in self In management, develop good living habits, create a healthy environment, improve health awareness and health beliefs, and regularly seek medical treatment. In family management, children pay attention to, promote home-based care and family beds, promote family doctors' contracting services, and carry out chronic disease follow-up and development. And try smart software such as family health management terminals; increase the support of third-tier cities in community management, update medical equipment and improve the technical level of medical staff, increase social workers and other professional positions and benefits, pay attention to mental health and carry out cultural and sports activities. The results show that there are still many problems in the current elderly health management services, and they are going to be improved through self-family-community health management collaboration.
Abstract: Taking the Q community in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province as an example, this paper examines the elderly health management and its service status on the basis of qualitative research. On the basis of the purposeful sampling, the researchers selected three elderly people as the respondents in a combination of intensity sampling and stratified sampling. Ea...
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Chair-Shaped Sheet-Pile Retaining Wall and Its Design Calculation Method
Wubin Wang,
Hao Bai,
Yali Cui
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
542-550
Received:
11 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
12 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.36
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Abstract: New-type chair-shaped sheet-pile retaining wall has achieved good effect recently, when it was used on steep slope subgrade and deep overburden soil slope subgrade section. However, its theoretical research is seriously lagging behind, which needs to carry out appropriate research. In the paper, chair-shaped pile is classified according to its set position and structure measure, some key issues and applicable conditions of design calculations are discussed when this structure is used under different circumstances and the working mechanism of chair-shaped pile is comparative analysis, through data research and laboratory model experiments and other methods. The results show that the synergistic effect between chair-shaped pile frame structure and slope can resist larger lateral thrust and vertical loads to meet the requirements of stability and deformation of embankment slope. Besides, chair-shaped sheet-pile retaining wall can be used in slope retaining engineering because of its retaining, resisting, bearing characters, when the geological conditions are complex, such as steep slope, deep overburden soil slope, etc. On this basis,the working mechanism of bearing capacity, anti-slide and retaining is discussed considering soil-pile interaction and the design calculation method of chair-shaped pile is proposed based on the elastic foundation beam method under the lateral restraint, which has a good effect on engineering application.
Abstract: New-type chair-shaped sheet-pile retaining wall has achieved good effect recently, when it was used on steep slope subgrade and deep overburden soil slope subgrade section. However, its theoretical research is seriously lagging behind, which needs to carry out appropriate research. In the paper, chair-shaped pile is classified according to its set ...
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Progress in Establishment of Endometriosis in Vitro Histological Models
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
551-554
Received:
26 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
27 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.37
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Abstract: The etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis are hotspots in the field of obstetrics and gynecology today.With the rapid development of experimental studies of endometriosis, the establishment of in vitro histological models is increasingly important.The establishment and application of in vitro histological model provides a new research platform for exploring the pathogenesis and treatment of endometriosis. It is an important method to study endometriosis. Recently a variety of models have been successfully constructed, but still have many deficiencies. Up to now, studies on in vitro histological models have been qualitative, and no studies have involved quantitative analysis. Whether peritoneal mesothelial defect is the cause or result of adhesion, that is, peritoneal mesothelial defect itself exists in the patient, or the damage of the mesothelial during operation, or the destruction of the mesothelial by some cytokines secreted by implanted endometrial tissue? These problems have not yet been decided. Therefore, the choice of appropriate histological model to establish a method is conducive to further reveal the etiology of endometriosis, pathogenesis and evaluation of treatment. This paper reviews the research progress about the development of endometriosis with establishment of in vitro histological models, to further explore the best and stable culture conditions of human endometriosis histological model, and to establish a good model basis for further study of endometriosis.
Abstract: The etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis are hotspots in the field of obstetrics and gynecology today.With the rapid development of experimental studies of endometriosis, the establishment of in vitro histological models is increasingly important.The establishment and application of in vitro histological model provides a new research platform...
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The Integration of Courtyards Parks, and Communities Under the Background of "Danwei Community"—In Case of Hanzhoung Road- West Beijing Road Area in Nanjing
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
555-573
Received:
26 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
27 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.38
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Abstract: "Danwei community" is a land use mode and social form formed by the land policy of state-owned land and free allocation in the planned economy era in China, which includes science, education, culture and ancillary facilities. Up to now, "Danwei community" provides public services for the city, however because of its unique traditional land use patterns, it has brought the state of partition of patches and blocks. Taking the Hanzhong Road-Beijing West Road area in Nanjing as an example, this paper finds that there are many types of unit courtyards with long history and various functions in the site, showing different block texture from the traditional old urban area in Nanjing. The independent state of development and the function of continuous development and change of unit courtyard bring about the space of differentiation and closure between plots. Because the resource endowment has not been fully utilized and the development state of overall spatial differentiation, the self-organization law of urban space has been greatly interfered, and the function of urban spatial location has been seriously affected. The process of exertion and evolution will eventually affect the normal development and comprehensive effects. This paper chooses the most representative "Danwei community" area in Nanjing as the research object, takes "The integration of courtyards parks, and communities" as the goal, analyses and summarizes the characteristics of the unique social and ecological elements of the site, and puts forward a new healthy community service mode relying on the advantages of comprehensive medical services and University resources, and taking the open space as the media promotes the spatial integration of three office units, residential communities and parks.
Abstract: "Danwei community" is a land use mode and social form formed by the land policy of state-owned land and free allocation in the planned economy era in China, which includes science, education, culture and ancillary facilities. Up to now, "Danwei community" provides public services for the city, however because of its unique traditional land use patt...
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Exploration of "Urban Contraction" from the Perspective of Urban Development—In the Case of Nantong
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
574-582
Received:
26 December 2018
Accepted:
Published:
27 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.39
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Abstract: Under the background of the rapid revitalization of the country, the urban population in some parts of China is declining, which is called "urban contraction". With the universalization of the phenomenon of "urban contraction", it is a link of polarization and structure in the process of urban reconstruction, which also affects urban and social development. Different from the absolute contraction under the background of recession in traditional industrial cities and the adjustment contraction under the background of functional spillovers in metropolises, the urban contraction of small and medium-sized cities in non-core cities of urban agglomeration is more manifested in the liquidity contraction under the background of competition. This paper, taking Nantong, Jiangsu Province,China, as an example , from the perspective of "urban development concept" ,tries to analyze the extent and duration of population contraction and the trend of population structure change in the medium-sized cities .Then summarize the characteristics of shrinkage phenomena in small and medium-sized cities in non-core cities of urban agglomeration and explore the formation mechanism of shrinkage phenomena according the reasearch results on urban contraction and the incremental results of its economy and land use. Finally, Combining with the research results of scholars at home and abroad, this paper considers the opportunities for the transformation of urban values and methodology behind the phenomenon of "urban shrinkage" and seeks the sustainable development of cities behind the crisis.
Abstract: Under the background of the rapid revitalization of the country, the urban population in some parts of China is declining, which is called "urban contraction". With the universalization of the phenomenon of "urban contraction", it is a link of polarization and structure in the process of urban reconstruction, which also affects urban and social dev...
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Analogy Analysis of Eco City Planning and Design Based on Case Analysis
Huang Peifu,
Gao Xiaoming
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
583-592
Received:
4 January 2019
Accepted:
Published:
5 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.40
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Abstract: After the industrial revolution, the global economy has developed rapidly and the society has made rapid progress. The process of urbanization is also accelerated, but because people blindly pursue rapid urban construction and neglect the protection of resources and environment, environmental pollution, ecological deterioration, abnormal climate and other ecological environment problems, as well as traffic congestion, environmental deterioration and other urban diseases.Eco-city was first put forward in the "Man and Biosphere" project initiated by UNESCO. After decades of theoretical development and practice, eco-city has become an accepted model for solving urban diseases and promoting sustainable urban development. This article first briefly reviews the background and traceability of eco-city formation, and reviews the domestic and foreign eco-city related research; selects China-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City, Tangshan Caofeidian Eco-City, Chongqing Yuelai Eco-City, Sweden Malmö Eco-City and Kazakhstan. Mabi Ecology, as a case study, analyzed and summarized these five typical ecological cities in terms of spatial shape planning and ecological technology applications. Finally, on the basis of case studies, we proposed the construction of ecological cities in the application of urban spatial forms and ecological technologies. Can refer to the planning and design model to explore the implications for our ecological city construction.
Abstract: After the industrial revolution, the global economy has developed rapidly and the society has made rapid progress. The process of urbanization is also accelerated, but because people blindly pursue rapid urban construction and neglect the protection of resources and environment, environmental pollution, ecological deterioration, abnormal climate an...
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Safety Risk Assessment of Highway Tunnel Deep Shaft Construction
Zhang Xuan,
Wang Chengbing
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2018
Pages:
593-598
Received:
6 January 2019
Accepted:
Published:
7 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.sd.20180606.41
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Views:
Abstract: Construction process conversion of highway tunnel deep shaft is complex, little experience in design and construction, the construction process there is a big safety hazard. In the current there is no corresponding guideline and norm basis for domestic shaft construction risk assessment, and there are few researches on the safety risk assessment of highway tunnel shaft construction. Based on the investigation and analysis, this paper for a highway tunnel deep shaft engineering establishes risk assessment index systems and methods for the wellhead instability risk and the high-altitude fall risk of hoisting system, obtains the safety risk grade of the above two risks, and puts forward targeted risk control measures. These results provide a reference for similar risk assessment projects in the future.
Abstract: Construction process conversion of highway tunnel deep shaft is complex, little experience in design and construction, the construction process there is a big safety hazard. In the current there is no corresponding guideline and norm basis for domestic shaft construction risk assessment, and there are few researches on the safety risk assessment of...
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