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Factors Affecting Utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets among People Living with HIV/Aids in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia
Yibeltal Berie,
Kasahun Alemu,
Alemayehu Belay,
Zemichale Gizaw
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
147-152
Received:
30 August 2013
Accepted:
Published:
20 October 2013
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria and HIV are among the two most important global health problems of this time. All HIV-positive persons (PLHAs) in the household were encouraged to sleep under insecticide treated nets (ITNs) at all times of year. However, the information on utilization and associated factors on these groups have been limited. Objective: the aim of the study was to assess utilization of ITN and associated factors among PLHA, who are members of the three PLHA associations in Bahir City Administration, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May, 2013. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pre-tested and structured questionnaire and observation check list was used to collect the data. Each variable were analyzed by using bi variate logistic regression to know their significance and to assess the separate effects and multi variate analysis was done using backward stepwise logistic regression to control the possible confounding effect for variables with p-value <0.2 in bi variate analysis. Result: Three hundred four304 (76.8%) of PLHA utilized ITNs properly. The main reasons for those who had not have ITN and not utilized ITN were, they did not know where obtained the ITNs 20 (41.7%), ITNs were expensive 16 (33.3%), and no fear of mosquito bite at this time 60(65.2%). Knowledge about malaria risks and ITNs importance (AOR= 2.3; 95% CI 1.23- 4.40), formal education (AOR= 2.39; 95% CI 1.40- 4.08) and better income was significantly associated with ITN utilizations (AOR= 1.83; 95%CI 1.05- 3.20) Conclusion: The PLHA needs special attention on the utilization of ITN. Free provision of ITNs, awareness creation on the utilization of ITN and participate in Income generating activities are supreme important.
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria and HIV are among the two most important global health problems of this time. All HIV-positive persons (PLHAs) in the household were encouraged to sleep under insecticide treated nets (ITNs) at all times of year. However, the information on utilization and associated factors on these groups have been limited. Objective: the ai...
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Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice among Mothers of Children Age Less Than 6 Month in Bahir Dar City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia; A Community Based Cross-Sectional Survey
Abay Sefene,
Dereje Birhanu,
Worku Awoke,
Tesfaye Taye
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
153-159
Received:
3 September 2013
Accepted:
Published:
20 October 2013
Abstract: Background- Exclusive breastfeeding is the optimal feeding practice to achieve infants’ growth and development. Most mothers breastfeed their children but malnutrition is still prevalent in Ethiopia. Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding practice are less known in the study area. Therefore the study aimed to assess its determinants among mother of children age less than 6 months in Bahir Dar city administration, Ethiopia. Method: Community based cross sectional survey was conducted from Jan to Feb 2013. In Bahir Dar city administration there were a total 20 (12 Urban & 8 Rural) Kebles, of which 6 (4 Urban & 2 Rural) were selected randomly using lottery method. The registration of mothers who had a child age less than 6 months by the local HEW was used as a sampling frame. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Logistic regression was used to identify determinants. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 159 mothers were interviewed (93.5% response rate). Respondent’s mean age was 27.2±4.6 years, 2/3rd of respondents were housewives by occupation, and more than 90% of participants were urban residents and were married. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 49.1%. Mother education level (AOR=2.99), child sex (AOR=2.22), Parity (AOR=2.46), family size (AOR=2.92), and time of postnatal care (AOR=3.44) were independent predictors of exclusive breastfeeding practice in the study area. Conclusion & recommendation: Practice of exclusive breastfeeding was below the WHO recommendation and the target of the fifth Ethiopian Health Sector Development program. Mother education, child sex, parity, family size, and time of postnatal care were the independent predictors of exclusive breast feeding practice. The city administration should work on promoting exclusive breastfeeding practice giving special emphasis to educated mothers. The government should also consider revising the legislation of the two month postpartum maternity leave.
Abstract: Background- Exclusive breastfeeding is the optimal feeding practice to achieve infants’ growth and development. Most mothers breastfeed their children but malnutrition is still prevalent in Ethiopia. Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding practice are less known in the study area. Therefore the study aimed to assess its determinants among mother...
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Alterations in Postmodernity: Setting up Bulimia Nervosa
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
160-165
Received:
9 September 2013
Accepted:
Published:
20 October 2013
Abstract: In Bulimia nervosa, a complex syndrome of clinical symptoms is formed. The patient who will mostly attempt to keep her syndrome hidden is subjected to diverse alterations that can be observed in her, her family and society. Somatic alterations in Bulimia nervosa patients are depicted, family idiosyncrasies in families with a bulimic member are highlighted. The research project on Bulimia nervosa 2007-2010 at the University of Heidelberg is outlined, leading to a pondering of psychodynamic symptom formation. Aspects of oedipality are shown in a case vignette of an 18-year-old female bulimic patient experiencing and restaging guilt and seduction issues. Some leads at mass society´s influence on the way symptom formations appear today are to broaden the perspective by means of I. Hassan´s cultural characteristics of modernity and postmodernity. After a close look at alterations in clinics of bulimic patients that shows how the cultural paradigm of postmodernity is reflected in the patient, Bulimia nervosa, often as a low profile phenomenon in daily gynaecologic and primary care practice, is declared requiring apt intervening in clinical treatment, and conceptualizing of human developmental processes in new ways. Psychosomatic Medicine will benefit from cross-referencing on psyche, body, and society, in order to understand psychosomatic condition even better than before.
Abstract: In Bulimia nervosa, a complex syndrome of clinical symptoms is formed. The patient who will mostly attempt to keep her syndrome hidden is subjected to diverse alterations that can be observed in her, her family and society. Somatic alterations in Bulimia nervosa patients are depicted, family idiosyncrasies in families with a bulimic member are high...
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Comparison of SWL and RIRS in Lower Calyceal Stones
Basri Cakiroglu,
Tuncay Tas,
Seyit Erkan Eyyupoglu,
Aydin Ismet Hazar,
M. Bahadir Can Balci,
Suleyman Hilmi Aksoy,
Bekir Sami Uyanik
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
166-170
Received:
20 September 2013
Accepted:
Published:
10 November 2013
Abstract: Background: The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(SWL) in kidney stones in the lower calices was compared using retrograde intrarenal surgery(RIRS). Methodology And Materials: Between January 2008 and May 2011, 64 patients (40 male and 24 female) undergoing SWL and 60 patients (38 male 22 female) undergoing flexible URS were analyzed retrospectively, and success rates were compared. Using the Storz Medical Modulith SLK, patients underwent the SWL process prior to the induction of anesthesia. On the other hand, the 8 f Storz flex X2 flexible URS was used for URS after general anesthesia and RIRS. During the RIRS process, stones were crushed using the 0.2 mm diameter holmium: YAG laser probe, and stone fragments larger than 2 mm were extracted. In some cases, double J or ureteral catheters were placed in the ureter. Results: In the 64 patients undergoing SWL with lower caliceal stones, the following ranges were noted: stone diameter: 6-35 mm (mean 15.9 mm), age: 16-72 years (mean , sessions required: 1-4 sessions (mean: 1.6), the number of shots: 1000-7650 (mean: 4124.6), fire intensity: 25-75 (mean: 60). Ten percent of patients required analgesia, and the success rate of the procedure was 87.5%. Hematuria occurred in 65% of patients as a minor complication and in 2%,streinstrasse occurred as a major complication. Inpatients undergoing RIRS, the following ranges were noted: stones size: 7-30 mm in diameter (average 15.2 mm), age: 21-60 years (mean 39.75),duration of operation: 30-85 minutes(mean: 48.8 minutes), respectively. An access sheath was used in all 32 patients. Balloon dilation was performed in 8 patients with distal ureteral stenosis, and a double J catheter was placed in 2 patients because of stenosis in the upper ureter and four weeks later, the stones were treated with fURS. Patients were discharged on an average of 1.2 days (1-3 days). A ureteral laceration was noted in 30% of patients while 75% of patients had hematuria. Partial ureteral avulsion occurred in one patient with an overall success rate of 96.4%. Conclusions: During the treatment of lower caliceal stones, the success and complication rate of RIRS is higher than SWL.
Abstract: Background: The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(SWL) in kidney stones in the lower calices was compared using retrograde intrarenal surgery(RIRS). Methodology And Materials: Between January 2008 and May 2011, 64 patients (40 male and 24 female) undergoing SWL and 60 patients (38 male 22 female) undergoing flexible URS were analyze...
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The Efficacy of Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping for Meniscal Tears in the Knee
Volkan Kızılgöz,
Hasan Aydın,
Baki Hekimoğlu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
171-175
Received:
16 October 2013
Accepted:
Published:
20 November 2013
Abstract: Objective : The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of Diffusion Weighted MR Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in the knee. Conclusion : DWI and ADC mapping technique are fast and easily applicable with routine MRI sequences and these new MRI techniques (for the knee) depicts very important information for menisci and cartilages of the knee.
Abstract: Objective : The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of Diffusion Weighted MR Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in the knee. Conclusion : DWI and ADC mapping technique are fast and easily applicable with routine MRI sequences and these new MRI techniques (for the knee) depicts...
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Response to Conventional Nutritional Treatment of Severely Malnourished Hospitalized Children in the Context of HIV Infection at Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tesfaye Taye Gelaw,
Amha Mekasha Wondemagegn
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
176-182
Received:
22 October 2013
Accepted:
Published:
20 November 2013
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to describe the response to nutritional treatment of severely malnourished hospitalized children in relation to HIV infection Methods: The study was conducted in the paediatric wards of Yekatit 12 hospital, which is situated in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia serving as a referral hospital for clinics, health centers and hospitals situated in and out of Addis Ababa. It also serves as a teaching hospital for AAU Medical students and Residents. We studied 300 severely malnourished children (presence of oedema, weight for age < 60% on HC and/ or weight-for-height <70%). At admission, HIV serology was confirmed by ELISA, for children >18 months of age, and PCR (DBS) was performed for those <18 months and CD4+ cells were measured for those who turned out to be positive. Complete blood count (CBC), including differential counts, was determined using a Coulter counter and/or manually. The study is a prospective observational analytic cohort study. Result: Of the 300 children, 75 were HIV Positive (cases) and the remaining 225 were controls (1:3 ratio). There was no significant difference by sex, age group, site of residency, family in come, family educational status, medical illness, hematologic profiles, immune category and presence or absence of edema in the treatment out come of HIV infected children compared to uninfected once. Among HIV infected forty three (43/75) failed to respond to the nutritional intervention when compared to those who are not infected (225/38) (Adjusted OR = 6.61, 95%CI = 0.053, 0.423). Conclusion: HIV infection is a major challenge in addressing nutritional intervention for those children who are severely malnourished admitted in Yekatit 12 hospital. An intervention to alleviate the challenge in managing the problem has to be designed based on further interventional studies.
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to describe the response to nutritional treatment of severely malnourished hospitalized children in relation to HIV infection Methods: The study was conducted in the paediatric wards of Yekatit 12 hospital, which is situated in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia serving as a referral hospital for clinics, health centers and...
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