Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia

Tamirayehu Legesse; Amare Tadesse

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia

Tamirayehu Legesse, Amare Tadesse

Published in Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 10, Issue 5)

Received: 25 August 2021 Accepted: 30 September 2021 Published: 28 October 2021

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Abstract

Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.

Published in	Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science (Volume 10, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
Page(s)	129-144
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Conveyance Efficiency, Equity and Adequacy, Gatto Small Scale Irrigation Scheme, Performance, Water Delivery

References

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[3]	Binoy, M. A., Varghese, S. and Paul, K. (2013). Paul Irrigation system assessment farmers and manager's view. International Journal ofEngineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT), 2, Issue 2, Kothamangalam, India, p 148-159.
[4]	Boss, M. G., Burton, M. A, and Molden, D. J. (2005). Irrigation and drainage performance assessment practical guidelines. Journalof Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, 22, Wallingford, UK, p 28-59.
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[6]	Boss, R. (2000). ICID Guidelines on Performance Assessment. Working Group on Performance Indicators and Benchmarking. Rme, Italy: Report on a Workshop 3 and 4 August 200. FAO.
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[14]	Korkmaz, N. and Avci, M. (2012.). Evaluation of water delivery and irrigation performances at field level: The case of menemen Left Bank irrigation district in Turky. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5 (2), pp 2079-2089.
[15]	Kuper, M. and Kijne, J. M.. (1992). Irrigation managment in th Fordwash branch command area South East Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of IWMI, Colombo, Sir Lanka.
[16]	Mamuye, T. and Mekonnen, A., 2015. Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of Hare Communi Managed Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia.
[17]	Mohsen, A., Kiamura, Y. and Shimizu, K.. (2012). Assessment of irrigation practices at mainIrrigation Network in the Nile Delta. Internationa Journal of Biological, Veternary, Agricultural and Food Engineering, 16 (9). World Academy of Science. Engineering and Technology.
[18]	Molden, D. J., & Gates, T. K. (1990). Performance measures for evaluation of irrigationwater-water-deliverysystems. Journal of irrigationand drainage engineering, 116 (6).
[19]	Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK.
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[21]	Woldeab, Teshome. (2003). Irrigation Practices, State Intervention and Farmers’ Life-Worlds in Drought -Prone Tigray; Ethiopa.
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APA Style

Tamirayehu Legesse, Amare Tadesse. (2021). Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 10(5), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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ACS Style

Tamirayehu Legesse; Amare Tadesse. Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2021, 10(5), 129-144. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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AMA Style

Tamirayehu Legesse, Amare Tadesse. Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2021;10(5):129-144. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16,
  author = {Tamirayehu Legesse and Amare Tadesse},
  title = {Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {129-144},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20211005.16},
  abstract = {Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia
AU  - Tamirayehu Legesse
AU  - Amare Tadesse
Y1  - 2021/10/28
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 129
EP  - 144
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
AB  - Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Tamirayehu Legesse

Faculty of Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering, Arbaminch Water Technology Institute, Arbaminch, Ethiopia
Amare Tadesse

Faculty of Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering, Arbaminch Water Technology Institute, Arbaminch, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Tamirayehu Legesse, Amare Tadesse. (2021). Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science, 10(5), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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ACS Style

Tamirayehu Legesse; Amare Tadesse. Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. J. Water Resour. Ocean Sci. 2021, 10(5), 129-144. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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AMA Style

Tamirayehu Legesse, Amare Tadesse. Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia. J Water Resour Ocean Sci. 2021;10(5):129-144. doi: 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16

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@article{10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16,
  author = {Tamirayehu Legesse and Amare Tadesse},
  title = {Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {129-144},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wros.20211005.16},
  abstract = {Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia
AU  - Tamirayehu Legesse
AU  - Amare Tadesse
Y1  - 2021/10/28
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
T2  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JF  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
JO  - Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science
SP  - 129
EP  - 144
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20211005.16
AB  - Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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