The present study aimed to evaluate Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb distribution and the health risks in surface waters and groundwater around artisanal mining areas in the central-western Côte d'Ivoire. Trace metals spatial distributions were assessed using ArGIS method. Waters pollution status were ascertained through water pollution indices. Human health risk was investigated using non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks indices. In surface waters, the same distribution trends were observed for Ni and Cd, and, for Hg and Pb. While, the distribution patterns of Zn and Cr differed from those of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb. Trace metals (Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb) concentrations in groundwater were within their guidelines values. While, the averages total of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations for the surface waters exceeded their guidelines values. The pollution status revealed high and low pollution levels of surface waters and groundwater, respectively. Averages of the total non-carcinogenic risk for Hg, Cd, Ni and Pb in surface waters varied between 1.529±1.162 and 80.507±104.615, indicating adverse effects to human health. The averages total carcinogenic risks for Ni, Cd, Pb, and Cr indicated that the population around the artisanal gold mining area could develop cancer. Therefore, it is important to treat waters for removing trace metals before using for domestic purposes.
| Published in | International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15 |
| Page(s) | 136-151 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Trace Metals, Pollution Assessment, Risks Assessment, Surface Waters, Groundwater
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APA Style
Zoumana Traore, N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi, Alain Stephane Assemian, Konan Edmond Kouassi, Patrick Drogui, et al. (2021). Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(5), 136-151. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15
ACS Style
Zoumana Traore; N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi; Alain Stephane Assemian; Konan Edmond Kouassi; Patrick Drogui, et al. Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(5), 136-151. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15
AMA Style
Zoumana Traore, N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi, Alain Stephane Assemian, Konan Edmond Kouassi, Patrick Drogui, et al. Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(5):136-151. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15,
author = {Zoumana Traore and N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi and Alain Stephane Assemian and Konan Edmond Kouassi and Patrick Drogui and Kouassi Benjamin Yao},
title = {Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
volume = {9},
number = {5},
pages = {136-151},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210905.15},
abstract = {The present study aimed to evaluate Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb distribution and the health risks in surface waters and groundwater around artisanal mining areas in the central-western Côte d'Ivoire. Trace metals spatial distributions were assessed using ArGIS method. Waters pollution status were ascertained through water pollution indices. Human health risk was investigated using non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks indices. In surface waters, the same distribution trends were observed for Ni and Cd, and, for Hg and Pb. While, the distribution patterns of Zn and Cr differed from those of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb. Trace metals (Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb) concentrations in groundwater were within their guidelines values. While, the averages total of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations for the surface waters exceeded their guidelines values. The pollution status revealed high and low pollution levels of surface waters and groundwater, respectively. Averages of the total non-carcinogenic risk for Hg, Cd, Ni and Pb in surface waters varied between 1.529±1.162 and 80.507±104.615, indicating adverse effects to human health. The averages total carcinogenic risks for Ni, Cd, Pb, and Cr indicated that the population around the artisanal gold mining area could develop cancer. Therefore, it is important to treat waters for removing trace metals before using for domestic purposes.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Surface Waters and Groundwater Around Artisanal Gold Mining Areas in Central-western Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa AU - Zoumana Traore AU - N’guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi AU - Alain Stephane Assemian AU - Konan Edmond Kouassi AU - Patrick Drogui AU - Kouassi Benjamin Yao Y1 - 2021/10/15 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15 DO - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15 T2 - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis JF - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis JO - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis SP - 136 EP - 151 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-7667 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.15 AB - The present study aimed to evaluate Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb distribution and the health risks in surface waters and groundwater around artisanal mining areas in the central-western Côte d'Ivoire. Trace metals spatial distributions were assessed using ArGIS method. Waters pollution status were ascertained through water pollution indices. Human health risk was investigated using non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks indices. In surface waters, the same distribution trends were observed for Ni and Cd, and, for Hg and Pb. While, the distribution patterns of Zn and Cr differed from those of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb. Trace metals (Ni, Cr, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb) concentrations in groundwater were within their guidelines values. While, the averages total of Ni, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations for the surface waters exceeded their guidelines values. The pollution status revealed high and low pollution levels of surface waters and groundwater, respectively. Averages of the total non-carcinogenic risk for Hg, Cd, Ni and Pb in surface waters varied between 1.529±1.162 and 80.507±104.615, indicating adverse effects to human health. The averages total carcinogenic risks for Ni, Cd, Pb, and Cr indicated that the population around the artisanal gold mining area could develop cancer. Therefore, it is important to treat waters for removing trace metals before using for domestic purposes. VL - 9 IS - 5 ER -
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