Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Jean Missa Ehouman; Yafigui Traore; Magloire Gnahoua Okou; Juste-Geraud Boni; Ossey Bernard Yapo; Nahosse Ziao

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Jean Missa Ehouman, Yafigui Traore, Magloire Gnahoua Okou, Juste-Geraud Boni, Ossey Bernard Yapo, Nahosse Ziao

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 5)

Received: 8 September 2021 Accepted: 24 September 2021 Published: 29 September 2021

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Abstract

The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situation could lead to environmental, health and socio-economic disaster. Consequently, the evaluation of the quality of these effluents in anionic surfactants constitutes the starting point for the effect of identifying suitable ways for an efficient management of their use and their future. Four effluent sampling campaigns of ten units from this area were carried out over a period of one year. Anionic surfactants were analyzed by the methylene blue method. The analysis of the concentrations determined and the spatio-temporal analysis of the quality of the effluents according to the analysis of variance with repeated measures were carried out. It appears that all the effluents are very loaded with anionic surfactants and are grouped into two classes. Units Y2, Y6 and Y9 have an average concentration of anionic surfactants varying between 203,740 ± 157,544 (mg/L. EASL) and 275,323 ± 255,811 (mg/L. EASL). The group (Y1, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y7, Y8 and Y10) records an average concentration in this parameter oscillating between 8.305 ± 6,508 (mg/L. EASL) and 71.750 ± 91,485 (mg/L. EASL).

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14
Page(s)	129-135
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Effluents, Cosmetic Soap Factories, Anionic Surfactants, Spatio-temporal Variation, Analysis of Variance, Repeated Measures

References

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APA Style

Jean Missa Ehouman, Yafigui Traore, Magloire Gnahoua Okou, Juste-Geraud Boni, Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. (2021). Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(5), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Jean Missa Ehouman; Yafigui Traore; Magloire Gnahoua Okou; Juste-Geraud Boni; Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(5), 129-135. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Jean Missa Ehouman, Yafigui Traore, Magloire Gnahoua Okou, Juste-Geraud Boni, Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(5):129-135. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14,
  author = {Jean Missa Ehouman and Yafigui Traore and Magloire Gnahoua Okou and Juste-Geraud Boni and Ossey Bernard Yapo and Nahosse Ziao},
  title = {Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {129-135},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210905.14},
  abstract = {The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situation could lead to environmental, health and socio-economic disaster. Consequently, the evaluation of the quality of these effluents in anionic surfactants constitutes the starting point for the effect of identifying suitable ways for an efficient management of their use and their future. Four effluent sampling campaigns of ten units from this area were carried out over a period of one year. Anionic surfactants were analyzed by the methylene blue method. The analysis of the concentrations determined and the spatio-temporal analysis of the quality of the effluents according to the analysis of variance with repeated measures were carried out. It appears that all the effluents are very loaded with anionic surfactants and are grouped into two classes. Units Y2, Y6 and Y9 have an average concentration of anionic surfactants varying between 203,740 ± 157,544 (mg/L. EASL) and 275,323 ± 255,811 (mg/L. EASL). The group (Y1, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y7, Y8 and Y10) records an average concentration in this parameter oscillating between 8.305 ± 6,508 (mg/L. EASL) and 71.750 ± 91,485 (mg/L. EASL).},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
AU - Jean Missa Ehouman
AU - Yafigui Traore
AU - Magloire Gnahoua Okou
AU - Juste-Geraud Boni
AU - Ossey Bernard Yapo
AU - Nahosse Ziao
Y1 - 2021/09/29
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14
T2 - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP - 129
EP - 135
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7667
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14
AB - The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situation could lead to environmental, health and socio-economic disaster. Consequently, the evaluation of the quality of these effluents in anionic surfactants constitutes the starting point for the effect of identifying suitable ways for an efficient management of their use and their future. Four effluent sampling campaigns of ten units from this area were carried out over a period of one year. Anionic surfactants were analyzed by the methylene blue method. The analysis of the concentrations determined and the spatio-temporal analysis of the quality of the effluents according to the analysis of variance with repeated measures were carried out. It appears that all the effluents are very loaded with anionic surfactants and are grouped into two classes. Units Y2, Y6 and Y9 have an average concentration of anionic surfactants varying between 203,740 ± 157,544 (mg/L. EASL) and 275,323 ± 255,811 (mg/L. EASL). The group (Y1, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y7, Y8 and Y10) records an average concentration in this parameter oscillating between 8.305 ± 6,508 (mg/L. EASL) and 71.750 ± 91,485 (mg/L. EASL).
VL - 9
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Jean Missa Ehouman

Thermodynamic Physico-Chemistry Laboratory of the Medium, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Yafigui Traore

Thermodynamic Physico-Chemistry Laboratory of the Medium, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Magloire Gnahoua Okou

Thermodynamic Physico-Chemistry Laboratory of the Medium, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Juste-Geraud Boni

Central Environment Laboratory, Ivorian Anti-pollution Center, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Ossey Bernard Yapo

Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Nahosse Ziao

Thermodynamic Physico-Chemistry Laboratory of the Medium, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

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APA Style

Jean Missa Ehouman, Yafigui Traore, Magloire Gnahoua Okou, Juste-Geraud Boni, Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. (2021). Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(5), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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ACS Style

Jean Missa Ehouman; Yafigui Traore; Magloire Gnahoua Okou; Juste-Geraud Boni; Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(5), 129-135. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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AMA Style

Jean Missa Ehouman, Yafigui Traore, Magloire Gnahoua Okou, Juste-Geraud Boni, Ossey Bernard Yapo, et al. Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(5):129-135. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14,
  author = {Jean Missa Ehouman and Yafigui Traore and Magloire Gnahoua Okou and Juste-Geraud Boni and Ossey Bernard Yapo and Nahosse Ziao},
  title = {Spatio-temporal Evaluation of the Quality of Effluents in Anionic Surfactants from the Soap and Cosmetics Units of the Industrial Area of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {129-135},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210905.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210905.14},
  abstract = {The anionic surfactants used in the soap industry and cosmetics appear as indicators of pollution of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, these industries have experienced rapid growth in Côte d'Ivoire in recent years. Most of them are located in the Yopougon industrial area, thus continuously discharging their effluents into the Ebrié lagoon. This situation could lead to environmental, health and socio-economic disaster. Consequently, the evaluation of the quality of these effluents in anionic surfactants constitutes the starting point for the effect of identifying suitable ways for an efficient management of their use and their future. Four effluent sampling campaigns of ten units from this area were carried out over a period of one year. Anionic surfactants were analyzed by the methylene blue method. The analysis of the concentrations determined and the spatio-temporal analysis of the quality of the effluents according to the analysis of variance with repeated measures were carried out. It appears that all the effluents are very loaded with anionic surfactants and are grouped into two classes. Units Y2, Y6 and Y9 have an average concentration of anionic surfactants varying between 203,740 ± 157,544 (mg/L. EASL) and 275,323 ± 255,811 (mg/L. EASL). The group (Y1, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y7, Y8 and Y10) records an average concentration in this parameter oscillating between 8.305 ± 6,508 (mg/L. EASL) and 71.750 ± 91,485 (mg/L. EASL).},
 year = {2021}
}

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