Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)

Alain Ibikunle Ague; Cyr Gervais Etene; Somiyabalo Pilabina; Ibouraima Yabi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)

Alain Ibikunle Ague, Cyr Gervais Etene, Somiyabalo Pilabina, Ibouraima Yabi

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 3)

Received: 9 April 2021 Accepted: 5 May 2021 Published: 20 May 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the availability of surface water resources in the Mékrou sub-basin at the Yakrigourou outlet in northern Benin. To achieve this objective, descriptive statistical methods were applied to hydro-climatological data. The historical data were taken from the Météo-Bénin database and from the General Directorate of Water in Benin. The simulation data are those of the HadGEM2-ES climate model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and then at horizons 50 (2041 to 2060) and 70 (2061 to 2080). The results show that the period from 1965 to 2018 is globally characterised by a strong irregularity of rainfall with a decreasing trend and a multiplication of dry years estimated at 54%. In the same way, the runoff decrease about 5.8 m³/s during the decade 2007-2016. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5) and compared to the reference period (1971-1990), the HadGEM2-ES model predicts an increase in annual precipitation estimated at 8.29% by 2041-2060 and 13.83% by 2061-2080. As regards temperature, there could be an increase of 2.4°C by 2041-2060 and 3.7°C by 2061-2080. These climatic events affect the availability of surface water resources in the sub-basin.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
Page(s)	60-66
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Climate Change, Sensitivity, Water Resources, Mekrou Sub-basin

References

[1]	Coalision Eau (2014). Water and climate change. Research note. France. p. 60.
[2]	Bates, B. C., Kundzewicz, Z. W. Wu, S. et Palutikof, J. P. (2008). Climate Change and Water, technical paper published by the intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC Secretariat, Genève, 2008.
[3]	GIEC, (2019). IPCC Special Report on the Consequences of Global Warming of 1.5°c Relative to Pre-industrial Level ond Associated Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trajectories, Against the Context of Strengthening the Global Response to Climate Change, sustainable development and the fight against poverty. ISBN 978-92-9169-253-8. P. 110.
[4]	Ogouwalé E. (2006). Climate Change in southern and central Benin: indicators, scenarios and foresight of food security. «Thèse présentée pour obtenir le Diplôme de Doctorat Unique de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi». P. 302.
[5]	MEPN, (2010). Study of the vulnerability, impacts and adaptation of water resources to climat change in Benin, Cotonou, Bénin p. 97.
[6]	Chédé F. (2012). Vulnerability and adaptation strategies to climate change of farmers in the collines department in Benin, «mémoire de Mastère changement climatique», Niamey, Agrhymet. p. 65.
[7]	Boko M., Kosmowski F. et Vissin E. W. (2012). The issues of climate change in Benin, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Program for Political Dialogue in West Africa, Cotonou, Bénin. p. 72.
[8]	Yabi I. and Afouda F. (2012). Extreme rainfall years in Benin (West Africa), Quaternary International, 262 (7): 39-43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2010.12.010.
[9]	Issa M. S. (2012). Climate Change and agro-systems in middles Benin: Impacts and adaptation strategies, «Thèse de doctorat unique de géographie», UAC/FLASH/EDP, p.278.
[10]	Lawin A. E., Akponikpè P. B., Irénikatché, Jalloh A., Nelson C., Gerald and Thomas S. T. (2013). Chapter 3: Benin, pp, 53 – 77, In West African Agriculture and climate change: A comprehensive analysis, Edited by Abdulai Jalloh, Gerald C, Nelson, Timothy S, Thomas, Robert Zougmoré, and Harold Roy-Macauley. P. 408.
[11]	Allé C. S. U. Y., Guibert H., Agbossou K, E., Gozé E. et Afouda A. (2013). Climate Change, perceptions and adaptations of producers on the Allada Plateau in southern Benin, European Journal of Scientific Research, 107 (4), pp, 530-545.
[12]	MDAEP-Bénin, 2014, Modeling of the economic impact of climate change by development sector: water resources sector, Report commissioned by the Ministry of Development, Economic Analysis and Foresight, Cotonou, Bénin. p. 36.
[13]	Vissin E. W. (2007). Impact of climate variability and the dynamics of surface conditions on the flows of the Benin watershed of the Niger River. «Thèse de doctorat, Université de Bourgogne». Dijon, France. p. 285.
[14]	Obada E., Alamou A. E., Zandagba J., Chabi A. and Afouda A. (2017). Change in Future Rainfall Characteristics in the Mekrou Catchment (Benin), from an Ensemble of 3 RCMs (MPI-REMO, DMI-HIRHAM5 and SMHI-RCA4). Hydrology, 4, 14; doi: 10.3390/hydrology4010014.
[15]	Yabi I. (2018). Rainfull drought in the Sudanese zone in Benin: Events and implications for climate-resilient agriculture. «Dynamiques Spatiales et Développement: Revue semestrielle du Laboratoire d’Etudes des Dynamiques Urbaines et Régionales.» numéro spécial 002: 115-134.
[16]	Pilabina E. S. (2019). Climate dynamics in central and northern Togo «Thèse de doctorat. Université de Lomé». p. 320.
[17]	Koumassi D. H. (2014). Hydroclimatic risks and vulnerabilities of Ecosystems in the Sota watershed at the Coubéri outlet. «Thèse de doctorat unique de Géographie physique. Université d’Abomey-Calavi. Laboratoire Pierre PAGNEY. Climats. Eau. Ecosystèmes et Développement (LACEEDE)». p. 246.
[18]	Pilabina S., Yabi I. et Kola E. (2019). Climate change and sensitivity of water resources in the Kara watershed in North Togo. «XXXII^ème Colloque Internationale de l’AIC, Thessaloniki – Grèce».
[19]	Aghrab A. (2003). Characterization of drought and development of climatic indicator for its early warming in the Sais region. «Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Maroc». p. 109.
[20]	Ardoin-Bardin S. (2004). Hydro-climatic variability and impacts on the water resources of large hydrographic basins in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. «Thèse de doctorat. Université de Montpellier II». p. 440.
[21]	Totin V. H. S. 2010. Sensitivity of groundwater in the coastal sedimentary basin of Benin to climate change and exploitation methods: sustainable management strategies. «Thèse de doctorat unique de Géographie physique. Université d’Abomey-Calavi. Laboratoire Pierre PAGNEY. Climats. Eau. Ecosystèmes et Développement (LACEEDE)». p. 283.
[22]	West C. T., Roncoli C. and Ouattara F. (2008). Local perceptions and regional climate trends on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso. Land Degradation & Development, pp. 289-304.
[23]	Sarr B., Atta S., Ly M., Salack S., Ourback T., Subsol S. and Alan George D. (2015). Adapting to climate variability and change in smallholder farming communities: A case study from Burkina Faso, Chad and Niger (CVCADAPT). Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development. Vol. 7 (1), pp. 418-428, DOI: 10.5897/ JAERD 14.0595.
[24]	Badjana H. M., Renard B., Helmschrot J., Edjamé K. S., Afouda A. and Wala K. (2017). Bayesian trend analysis in annual rainfall total, duration and maximum in the Kara River basin (West Africa). J Hydrol, 255-273.
[25]	CILSS Agrhymet (2015). Climate-smart agriculture: a winning solution to meet the challenge of food insecurity and the fight against desertification in the sahel and West Africa. Note to decision makers. Niamey. Niger. p. 9.
[26]	Ogouwalé R. (2009). Hydro-pluviometric resources: state and trend in the upper Okpara watershed. « Mémoire du Diplôme d’Etudes approfondies (DEA) ». p. 75.
[27]	Jouilil I., Bitar K., Salama H., Amaraoui, Momssit A. et Tahiri M. (2013). Meteorological drought in the Oum Er Rbia hydraulic basin during the last decades. Larhyss Journal, ISSN 1112-3680, n° 12, pp. 109-127.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague, Cyr Gervais Etene, Somiyabalo Pilabina, Ibouraima Yabi. (2021). Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(3), 60-66. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague; Cyr Gervais Etene; Somiyabalo Pilabina; Ibouraima Yabi. Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(3), 60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague, Cyr Gervais Etene, Somiyabalo Pilabina, Ibouraima Yabi. Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(3):60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12,
  author = {Alain Ibikunle Ague and Cyr Gervais Etene and Somiyabalo Pilabina and Ibouraima Yabi},
  title = {Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-66},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210903.12},
  abstract = {The present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the availability of surface water resources in the Mékrou sub-basin at the Yakrigourou outlet in northern Benin. To achieve this objective, descriptive statistical methods were applied to hydro-climatological data. The historical data were taken from the Météo-Bénin database and from the General Directorate of Water in Benin. The simulation data are those of the HadGEM2-ES climate model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and then at horizons 50 (2041 to 2060) and 70 (2061 to 2080). The results show that the period from 1965 to 2018 is globally characterised by a strong irregularity of rainfall with a decreasing trend and a multiplication of dry years estimated at 54%. In the same way, the runoff decrease about 5.8 m3/s during the decade 2007-2016. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5) and compared to the reference period (1971-1990), the HadGEM2-ES model predicts an increase in annual precipitation estimated at 8.29% by 2041-2060 and 13.83% by 2061-2080. As regards temperature, there could be an increase of 2.4°C by 2041-2060 and 3.7°C by 2061-2080. These climatic events affect the availability of surface water resources in the sub-basin.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)
AU  - Alain Ibikunle Ague
AU  - Cyr Gervais Etene
AU  - Somiyabalo Pilabina
AU  - Ibouraima Yabi
Y1  - 2021/05/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 60
EP  - 66
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
AB  - The present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the availability of surface water resources in the Mékrou sub-basin at the Yakrigourou outlet in northern Benin. To achieve this objective, descriptive statistical methods were applied to hydro-climatological data. The historical data were taken from the Météo-Bénin database and from the General Directorate of Water in Benin. The simulation data are those of the HadGEM2-ES climate model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and then at horizons 50 (2041 to 2060) and 70 (2061 to 2080). The results show that the period from 1965 to 2018 is globally characterised by a strong irregularity of rainfall with a decreasing trend and a multiplication of dry years estimated at 54%. In the same way, the runoff decrease about 5.8 m3/s during the decade 2007-2016. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5) and compared to the reference period (1971-1990), the HadGEM2-ES model predicts an increase in annual precipitation estimated at 8.29% by 2041-2060 and 13.83% by 2061-2080. As regards temperature, there could be an increase of 2.4°C by 2041-2060 and 3.7°C by 2061-2080. These climatic events affect the availability of surface water resources in the sub-basin.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Alain Ibikunle Ague

Multidisciplinary Doctoral School "Spaces, Cultures and Development", University of Abomey-Calavi, Godomey, Benin
Cyr Gervais Etene

Pierre PAGNEY Laboratory on Climate, Water, Ecosystem and Development, Department of Geography and Land Management, University of Abomey-Calavi, Godomey, Benin
Somiyabalo Pilabina

Laboratory of Research on Spaces, Exchanges and Human Security (LaREESH), Department of Geography, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Ibouraima Yabi

Pierre PAGNEY Laboratory on Climate, Water, Ecosystem and Development, Department of Geography and Land Management, University of Abomey-Calavi, Godomey, Benin

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague, Cyr Gervais Etene, Somiyabalo Pilabina, Ibouraima Yabi. (2021). Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(3), 60-66. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague; Cyr Gervais Etene; Somiyabalo Pilabina; Ibouraima Yabi. Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(3), 60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Alain Ibikunle Ague, Cyr Gervais Etene, Somiyabalo Pilabina, Ibouraima Yabi. Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa). Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(3):60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12,
  author = {Alain Ibikunle Ague and Cyr Gervais Etene and Somiyabalo Pilabina and Ibouraima Yabi},
  title = {Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-66},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210903.12},
  abstract = {The present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the availability of surface water resources in the Mékrou sub-basin at the Yakrigourou outlet in northern Benin. To achieve this objective, descriptive statistical methods were applied to hydro-climatological data. The historical data were taken from the Météo-Bénin database and from the General Directorate of Water in Benin. The simulation data are those of the HadGEM2-ES climate model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and then at horizons 50 (2041 to 2060) and 70 (2061 to 2080). The results show that the period from 1965 to 2018 is globally characterised by a strong irregularity of rainfall with a decreasing trend and a multiplication of dry years estimated at 54%. In the same way, the runoff decrease about 5.8 m3/s during the decade 2007-2016. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5) and compared to the reference period (1971-1990), the HadGEM2-ES model predicts an increase in annual precipitation estimated at 8.29% by 2041-2060 and 13.83% by 2061-2080. As regards temperature, there could be an increase of 2.4°C by 2041-2060 and 3.7°C by 2061-2080. These climatic events affect the availability of surface water resources in the sub-basin.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Change and Sensitivity of Surface Water Resources in the Mekrou Sub-Watershed at the Yakrigourou Outlet (North Benin / West Africa)
AU  - Alain Ibikunle Ague
AU  - Cyr Gervais Etene
AU  - Somiyabalo Pilabina
AU  - Ibouraima Yabi
Y1  - 2021/05/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 60
EP  - 66
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210903.12
AB  - The present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the availability of surface water resources in the Mékrou sub-basin at the Yakrigourou outlet in northern Benin. To achieve this objective, descriptive statistical methods were applied to hydro-climatological data. The historical data were taken from the Météo-Bénin database and from the General Directorate of Water in Benin. The simulation data are those of the HadGEM2-ES climate model under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and then at horizons 50 (2041 to 2060) and 70 (2061 to 2080). The results show that the period from 1965 to 2018 is globally characterised by a strong irregularity of rainfall with a decreasing trend and a multiplication of dry years estimated at 54%. In the same way, the runoff decrease about 5.8 m3/s during the decade 2007-2016. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5) and compared to the reference period (1971-1990), the HadGEM2-ES model predicts an increase in annual precipitation estimated at 8.29% by 2041-2060 and 13.83% by 2061-2080. As regards temperature, there could be an increase of 2.4°C by 2041-2060 and 3.7°C by 2061-2080. These climatic events affect the availability of surface water resources in the sub-basin.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download