The Cascade heat pump system is commonly used to overcome the high temperature lift problem of the system. In the present investigation eight refrigerant pairs were studied including R717/R134a, R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a, and R717/R600a, R744/R134a, R744/R290, R744/R600a, and R744/R717 at HT condenser of (70)°C and (75)°C. Hot water is to be produced at temperature range (60 to 65)°C with a proper flow demand. The evaporator temperature at the LT cycle side was ranged between (-10)°C and (-2)°C. The intermediate temperatures at the cascade heat exchanger were (20, 22.5, 33, and 35)°C depending on the refrigerant pairs implemented in the Cascade heat pump. Sea water at (7)°C was used as a sustainable low temperature heat source and 30% ethylene glycol-water brine as a thermal fluid carrier for heat extraction. The evaluation of the thermal performance of the refrigerant pairs was based on a fixed heat pump extraction load at the LT cycle evaporator. The R744/R134a and R744/R290 systems revealed the highest heat pump heating load production and highest compressors power consumption accompanied with the lowest COP at (20)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (75)°C. R717/R600a showed the highest COP and lowest power consumption at (35)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (70)°C. The results also revealed that a band of refrigerant pairs occupied the central zone of COP range with acceptable value; they are R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a and R744/R717.
| Published in | International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 2, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12 |
| Page(s) | 36-47 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Sustainable Energy, Green Environment, Low Temperature Heat Source, Halogen Free Refrigerants
| [1] | Bhattacharyya, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Kumar, A., Khurana, R. K. and Sarkar, J., “Optimization of a CO2-C3H8 Cascade system for refrigeration and heating”, Int. J. Ref., 28, (2005). |
| [2] | Lee, T. S., Liu, C. H. and Chen, T. W., “Thermodynamic analysis of optimal condensing temperature of cascade condenser in CO2/NH3 Cascade refrigeration systems”, Int. J. Ref., 29, pp. 1100-1108, (2006). |
| [3] | Bansal, P. K. and Jain, S., “Cascade systems: past, present, and future”, ASHRAE Trans., 113 (1) 245-252, (2007). |
| [4] | Bingming, W., Huagen, W., Jianfeng, L. and Ziwen, X., “Experimental investigation on the performance of NH3/CO2 Cascade refrigeration system with twin-screw compressor”, Int. J. Refrigeration 32, pp. 1358-1365, (2009). |
| [5] | Dopazo, J. A. and Fernández-Seara, J., “Experimental evaluation of a Cascade refrigeration system prototype with CO2 and NH3 for freezing process applications”, Int. J. Refrigeration 34, pp. 257-267, (2011). |
| [6] | Kim, D. H., Park, H. S. and Kim, M. S., “Characteristics of R134a/R410A Cascade heat pump and optimization”, international refrigeration and air conditioning conference at Purdue, Paper n. 2425, pp 1-7, (2012). |
| [7] | Kim, D. H., Park, H. S. and Kim, M. S., “Optimal temperature between high and low stage cycles for R134a/R410A Cascade heat pump based water heater system”, Exp. Thermal and Fluid Sci., 47, 172-179, (2013). |
| [8] | Baker, A. and Schaefermeyer, D., “Sea water heat pump project”, ACEP Rural Energy Conference Forum, (2013). |
| [9] | Kim D. H. and Kim M. S., “The effect of water temperature lift on the performance of Cascade heat pump system”, Appl Therm Eng; 67: 273-282, (2014). |
| [10] | Uhlmann, M., Bertsch, S., and Heldstab, A., "Heat pump with two heat sources on different temperature levels", International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper no. 1372, (2014), http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/1372. |
| [11] | Chae J. H and Choi J. M., “Evaluation of the impacts of high stage refrigerant charge on Cascade heat pump performance”, Renew Energ; 79: 66-71, (2015). |
| [12] | Kim, J., Lee, J. Choi, H, Lee S., Oh, S. and Park, W., “Experimental study of R134a/R410A Cascade cycle for variable refrigerant flow heat pump systems”, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 29 (12), pp. 5447-5458, (2015), DOI 10.1007/s12206-015-1146-2. |
| [13] | Yrjölä, J. and Laaksonen, E., “Domestic hot water production with ground source heat pump in apartment buildings”, Energies, 8, 8447-8466, (2015), doi: 10.3390/en8088447. |
| [14] | Minglu, Q., Yanan, F., Jianbo, C., Tianrui, L., Zhao, L., and He, L., “Experimental study of a control strategy for a Cascade air source heat pump water heater”, Applied Thermal Engineering, (2016), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.08.176. |
| [15] | Tarrad, A. H., “Thermodynamic Analysis for Hybrid Low Temperature Sustainable Energy Sources in Cascade Heat Pump Technology”, Asian Journal of Engineering and Technology (AJET), Vol. 5 No. 2, April (2017). |
APA Style
Ali H. Tarrad. (2017). Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation for Low Temperature Heat Source Cascade System Circulating Environment Friendly Refrigerants. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 2(2), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12
ACS Style
Ali H. Tarrad. Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation for Low Temperature Heat Source Cascade System Circulating Environment Friendly Refrigerants. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2017, 2(2), 36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12,
author = {Ali H. Tarrad},
title = {Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation for Low Temperature Heat Source Cascade System Circulating Environment Friendly Refrigerants},
journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
volume = {2},
number = {2},
pages = {36-47},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20170202.12},
abstract = {The Cascade heat pump system is commonly used to overcome the high temperature lift problem of the system. In the present investigation eight refrigerant pairs were studied including R717/R134a, R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a, and R717/R600a, R744/R134a, R744/R290, R744/R600a, and R744/R717 at HT condenser of (70)°C and (75)°C. Hot water is to be produced at temperature range (60 to 65)°C with a proper flow demand. The evaporator temperature at the LT cycle side was ranged between (-10)°C and (-2)°C. The intermediate temperatures at the cascade heat exchanger were (20, 22.5, 33, and 35)°C depending on the refrigerant pairs implemented in the Cascade heat pump. Sea water at (7)°C was used as a sustainable low temperature heat source and 30% ethylene glycol-water brine as a thermal fluid carrier for heat extraction. The evaluation of the thermal performance of the refrigerant pairs was based on a fixed heat pump extraction load at the LT cycle evaporator. The R744/R134a and R744/R290 systems revealed the highest heat pump heating load production and highest compressors power consumption accompanied with the lowest COP at (20)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (75)°C. R717/R600a showed the highest COP and lowest power consumption at (35)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (70)°C. The results also revealed that a band of refrigerant pairs occupied the central zone of COP range with acceptable value; they are R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a and R744/R717.},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic Performance Evaluation for Low Temperature Heat Source Cascade System Circulating Environment Friendly Refrigerants AU - Ali H. Tarrad Y1 - 2017/03/29 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12 T2 - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science JF - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science JO - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science SP - 36 EP - 47 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-9546 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20170202.12 AB - The Cascade heat pump system is commonly used to overcome the high temperature lift problem of the system. In the present investigation eight refrigerant pairs were studied including R717/R134a, R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a, and R717/R600a, R744/R134a, R744/R290, R744/R600a, and R744/R717 at HT condenser of (70)°C and (75)°C. Hot water is to be produced at temperature range (60 to 65)°C with a proper flow demand. The evaporator temperature at the LT cycle side was ranged between (-10)°C and (-2)°C. The intermediate temperatures at the cascade heat exchanger were (20, 22.5, 33, and 35)°C depending on the refrigerant pairs implemented in the Cascade heat pump. Sea water at (7)°C was used as a sustainable low temperature heat source and 30% ethylene glycol-water brine as a thermal fluid carrier for heat extraction. The evaluation of the thermal performance of the refrigerant pairs was based on a fixed heat pump extraction load at the LT cycle evaporator. The R744/R134a and R744/R290 systems revealed the highest heat pump heating load production and highest compressors power consumption accompanied with the lowest COP at (20)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (75)°C. R717/R600a showed the highest COP and lowest power consumption at (35)°C intermediate temperature and HT condensation of (70)°C. The results also revealed that a band of refrigerant pairs occupied the central zone of COP range with acceptable value; they are R410A/R134a, R407C/R134a and R744/R717. VL - 2 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: