Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Bekele Gutema Waye; Getahun Megersa

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Bekele Gutema Waye, Getahun Megersa

Published in International Journal of Dental Medicine (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 5 October 2020 Accepted: 20 October 2020 Published: 23 November 2020

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Abstract

Anemia is a condition which results from a reduction in hemoglobin concentration or reduction in red blood cell number or both which resulting in lower ability of oxygen delivery to support the body’s activities. It is a wide spread public health problem and has a significant cause of childhood mortality and (WHO) considers anemia prevalence over 40% as a major public health problem, between 20 and 40% as a moderate public health problem, and between 5 and 20% as a mild public health problem. The high prevalence of anemia has its negative consequences for children’s health, especially for their growth and development of their mental, physical and social development. It also causes negative behavioral and cognitive effects which resulting in poor school performance and work capacity in later years as different studies indicated. The Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among under five children attending pediatrics outpatient department in Asella teaching and referral Hospital June 2018 to September 30 2018. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by non- probability convenience sampling technique, 338 children was selected. The results of the study showed that, the overall prevalence of anemia among under five children were 36.3%, around 21 (6.2%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas 37 (10.9%) were moderately anemic. Factors like child’s age [AOR=2.00, 95%CI (1.15, 2.61)], birth intervals [AOR=2.25, 95%CI (1.91, 6.94)], sex of the children, being stunting [AOR=2.50, 95%CI (2.00, 3.10)] and wasting [AOR=1.52, 95%CI (1.40, 3.66)], infected with malaria parasites [AOR=1.12, 95%CI (1.00, 1.40)], were associated with anemia. Anemia remains a common health problem in the study area among under five children and further studies are needed to focus on etiologies and interventions.

Published in	International Journal of Dental Medicine (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
Page(s)	13-18
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anemia, Under Five Children, AsellaTeaching, Referral Hospital

References

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[3]	Schellenberg D, Schellenberg JRMA, Muchi A, et al. The silent burden of anemia in Tanzanian children: a community-based study. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2003; 81: 581–590.
[4]	Cornet M, Le Hesran JY, Fievet N, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for anemia in young children in southern Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 58: 606–611
[5]	Micronutrient Initiative/UNICEF. Vitamin and mineral deficiency: A global progress report. Ottawa, 2004. Available at: http://micronutrient.org/CMFiles/PubLib/VMd-GPR-English1KWW-3242008-4681.pdf.
[6]	Adish A, Esrey S, Gyorkos T, Johns T. Risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in preschool children in Northern Ethiopia. Public Health Nutr 1999; 2: 243-252.
[7]	WHO. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention, and Control. A guide for programmer managers. Geneva: World Heal Organ; 2001. 114
[8]	Benoist B de, McLean E, Egll I, Cogs well M. Worldwide prevalence of anemia 1993–2005. Geneva: WHO Global Database on Anemia; 2008. VI+41pp.
[9]	Mclean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, De Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public Health Nutr. 2009; 12 (4): 444–54.
[10]	R. J. S. Magalhaes, “Archie CA Clements: spatial variation in childhood anemia in Africa,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 89, pp. 459–468, 2011.
[11]	Cape Verde. Ministerio da Saude. Inquerito Demografico e de Saude Reprodutiva (IDSR) 2005. Praia: Instituto Nacional de Estatistica, Ministerio da Saude, Republica De Cabo Verde, 2008. 312 p. (http://www.ine.cv/actualise/publicacao March 2008).
[12]	C. S. A. Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2016 Key Indicators Report. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2016 [Accessed: 01 Feb 2017].
[13]	Grantham-McGregor S, Ani C: A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. J Nutr 2001, 131 (2): 649–666.
[14]	Nokes C, van den Bosch C, Bundy DAP: The Effects of Iron Deficiency and Anemia on Mental and Motor Performance, Educational Achievement, and Behaviors in Children. An Annotated Bibliography. Washington, DC: INACG and ILSI Press; 1998
[15]	Central Statistical Agency [Ethiopia] and ORC Macro, Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011, Central Statistical Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; ORC Macro, Calverton, Md, USA, 2011.
[16]	A Steel N. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet. 2017; 390 (10100): 1151–210.
[17]	Central Statistical Agency. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2012. Available at: https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR255/FR255.pdf. Accessed date: 18/10/2017.

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APA Style

Bekele Gutema Waye, Getahun Megersa. (2020). Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. International Journal of Dental Medicine, 6(2), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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ACS Style

Bekele Gutema Waye; Getahun Megersa. Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Int. J. Dent. Med. 2020, 6(2), 13-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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AMA Style

Bekele Gutema Waye, Getahun Megersa. Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Int J Dent Med. 2020;6(2):13-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11,
  author = {Bekele Gutema Waye and Getahun Megersa},
  title = {Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Dental Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {13-18},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  abstract = {Anemia is a condition which results from a reduction in hemoglobin concentration or reduction in red blood cell number or both which resulting in lower ability of oxygen delivery to support the body’s activities. It is a wide spread public health problem and has a significant cause of childhood mortality and (WHO) considers anemia prevalence over 40% as a major public health problem, between 20 and 40% as a moderate public health problem, and between 5 and 20% as a mild public health problem. The high prevalence of anemia has its negative consequences for children’s health, especially for their growth and development of their mental, physical and social development. It also causes negative behavioral and cognitive effects which resulting in poor school performance and work capacity in later years as different studies indicated. The Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among under five children attending pediatrics outpatient department in Asella teaching and referral Hospital June 2018 to September 30 2018. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by non- probability convenience sampling technique, 338 children was selected. The results of the study showed that, the overall prevalence of anemia among under five children were 36.3%, around 21 (6.2%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas 37 (10.9%) were moderately anemic. Factors like child’s age [AOR=2.00, 95%CI (1.15, 2.61)], birth intervals [AOR=2.25, 95%CI (1.91, 6.94)], sex of the children, being stunting [AOR=2.50, 95%CI (2.00, 3.10)] and wasting [AOR=1.52, 95%CI (1.40, 3.66)], infected with malaria parasites [AOR=1.12, 95%CI (1.00, 1.40)], were associated with anemia. Anemia remains a common health problem in the study area among under five children and further studies are needed to focus on etiologies and interventions.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia
AU  - Bekele Gutema Waye
AU  - Getahun Megersa
Y1  - 2020/11/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
T2  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
SP  - 13
EP  - 18
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1387
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
AB  - Anemia is a condition which results from a reduction in hemoglobin concentration or reduction in red blood cell number or both which resulting in lower ability of oxygen delivery to support the body’s activities. It is a wide spread public health problem and has a significant cause of childhood mortality and (WHO) considers anemia prevalence over 40% as a major public health problem, between 20 and 40% as a moderate public health problem, and between 5 and 20% as a mild public health problem. The high prevalence of anemia has its negative consequences for children’s health, especially for their growth and development of their mental, physical and social development. It also causes negative behavioral and cognitive effects which resulting in poor school performance and work capacity in later years as different studies indicated. The Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among under five children attending pediatrics outpatient department in Asella teaching and referral Hospital June 2018 to September 30 2018. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by non- probability convenience sampling technique, 338 children was selected. The results of the study showed that, the overall prevalence of anemia among under five children were 36.3%, around 21 (6.2%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas 37 (10.9%) were moderately anemic. Factors like child’s age [AOR=2.00, 95%CI (1.15, 2.61)], birth intervals [AOR=2.25, 95%CI (1.91, 6.94)], sex of the children, being stunting [AOR=2.50, 95%CI (2.00, 3.10)] and wasting [AOR=1.52, 95%CI (1.40, 3.66)], infected with malaria parasites [AOR=1.12, 95%CI (1.00, 1.40)], were associated with anemia. Anemia remains a common health problem in the study area among under five children and further studies are needed to focus on etiologies and interventions.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Bekele Gutema Waye

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Collage of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
Getahun Megersa

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Bekele Gutema Waye, Getahun Megersa. (2020). Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. International Journal of Dental Medicine, 6(2), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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ACS Style

Bekele Gutema Waye; Getahun Megersa. Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Int. J. Dent. Med. 2020, 6(2), 13-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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AMA Style

Bekele Gutema Waye, Getahun Megersa. Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Int J Dent Med. 2020;6(2):13-18. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11,
  author = {Bekele Gutema Waye and Getahun Megersa},
  title = {Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Dental Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {13-18},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdm.20200602.11},
  abstract = {Anemia is a condition which results from a reduction in hemoglobin concentration or reduction in red blood cell number or both which resulting in lower ability of oxygen delivery to support the body’s activities. It is a wide spread public health problem and has a significant cause of childhood mortality and (WHO) considers anemia prevalence over 40% as a major public health problem, between 20 and 40% as a moderate public health problem, and between 5 and 20% as a mild public health problem. The high prevalence of anemia has its negative consequences for children’s health, especially for their growth and development of their mental, physical and social development. It also causes negative behavioral and cognitive effects which resulting in poor school performance and work capacity in later years as different studies indicated. The Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among under five children attending pediatrics outpatient department in Asella teaching and referral Hospital June 2018 to September 30 2018. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by non- probability convenience sampling technique, 338 children was selected. The results of the study showed that, the overall prevalence of anemia among under five children were 36.3%, around 21 (6.2%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas 37 (10.9%) were moderately anemic. Factors like child’s age [AOR=2.00, 95%CI (1.15, 2.61)], birth intervals [AOR=2.25, 95%CI (1.91, 6.94)], sex of the children, being stunting [AOR=2.50, 95%CI (2.00, 3.10)] and wasting [AOR=1.52, 95%CI (1.40, 3.66)], infected with malaria parasites [AOR=1.12, 95%CI (1.00, 1.40)], were associated with anemia. Anemia remains a common health problem in the study area among under five children and further studies are needed to focus on etiologies and interventions.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Anemia and Associated Factors Among Under Five Children at AsellaTeachingand Referral Hospital, Ethiopia
AU  - Bekele Gutema Waye
AU  - Getahun Megersa
Y1  - 2020/11/23
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
T2  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Dental Medicine
SP  - 13
EP  - 18
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-1387
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdm.20200602.11
AB  - Anemia is a condition which results from a reduction in hemoglobin concentration or reduction in red blood cell number or both which resulting in lower ability of oxygen delivery to support the body’s activities. It is a wide spread public health problem and has a significant cause of childhood mortality and (WHO) considers anemia prevalence over 40% as a major public health problem, between 20 and 40% as a moderate public health problem, and between 5 and 20% as a mild public health problem. The high prevalence of anemia has its negative consequences for children’s health, especially for their growth and development of their mental, physical and social development. It also causes negative behavioral and cognitive effects which resulting in poor school performance and work capacity in later years as different studies indicated. The Objectives of the study is to assess the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among under five children attending pediatrics outpatient department in Asella teaching and referral Hospital June 2018 to September 30 2018. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by non- probability convenience sampling technique, 338 children was selected. The results of the study showed that, the overall prevalence of anemia among under five children were 36.3%, around 21 (6.2%) of them were found to be severely anemic, whereas 37 (10.9%) were moderately anemic. Factors like child’s age [AOR=2.00, 95%CI (1.15, 2.61)], birth intervals [AOR=2.25, 95%CI (1.91, 6.94)], sex of the children, being stunting [AOR=2.50, 95%CI (2.00, 3.10)] and wasting [AOR=1.52, 95%CI (1.40, 3.66)], infected with malaria parasites [AOR=1.12, 95%CI (1.00, 1.40)], were associated with anemia. Anemia remains a common health problem in the study area among under five children and further studies are needed to focus on etiologies and interventions.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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