BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review

Demessa Negessu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review

Demessa Negessu

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 1)

Received: 14 November 2022 Accepted: 4 January 2023 Published: 6 February 2023

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Abstract

Major histocompatibility complex is the gene complex that exists in all vertebrae like humans (HLA), dogs (DLA), bovine (BLA), ovine (OLA), swine (SLA), and equine (ELA). MHC possesses three regions (I, II, III) that control major specific immune responses and contain variety of genes which influence growth, development, reproduction, odor, and olfaction. Measuring levels of polymorphism of these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. As humans and mice, cattle have three MHC gene classes (class I, II, and III). Both BoLA class I and II play a role in antigen presentation, however the function of BoLA class III has been releated with components of the complement system. BoLA class II region is extra separated into class IIa and class IIb. In this gene, the genetic polymorphism of class II α and β genes occurs predominantly in exon 2 encoding the antigen binding site. The BoLa-A locus has 32 serologically defined alleles and minimum four further putative alleles in addition to a high frequency of null alleles. With association allele hold DRB3.2*8 (DRB3*1201) and DRB3.2*16 (DRB3*1501) genes are associated with mastitis susceptibility, and DRB3.2*22 (DRB3*1101), DRB3.2*23 (DRB3*2703) and DRB3.2*24 (DRB3*0101) with mastitis resistance. The A8 specificity and the EIAY sequence are significant markers of resistance, while the serine residue is a marker of susceptibility to dermatophlosis. According to the report 2004, BoLA-DRB3 alleles with the amino acid residues Glu, Arg, and valine (Val) at positions 74, 77, and 78, respectively, give resistance to tumor development by BLV infection. On the other hand, HaeIII CC and HaeIII BC genotypes were actually associated with resistance to FMD in contrast, the HaeIII AA genotype was associated with susceptibility to FMD. Another report on infected Egyptian buffaloes with serotype O FMDV genotype AA for FMD resistance while genotype AC for susceptibility to FMD.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
Page(s)	6-10
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Major Histocompatibility Complex, Bovine lymphocyte Antigen, Polymorphism, Susceptibility and Resistivity

References

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[38]	Wei L., Qinglong L., Luo J., Chengmin W., Xiaobing W. and Hongxuan H. (2012): BoLA-DRB3 gene polymorphism and FMD resistance or susceptibility in Wanbei cattle. Mol Biol Rep., 39: 9203–9209.
[39]	Xu A., van Eijk M. J., Park C. and Lewin H. A. (1993): Polymorphism in BoLA-DRB3 exon 2 correlates with resistance to persistent lymphocytosis caused by bovine leukemia virus. J Immunol, 151: 6977–6985.
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APA Style

Demessa Negessu. (2023). BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 11(1), 6-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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Demessa Negessu. BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2023, 11(1), 6-10. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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AMA Style

Demessa Negessu. BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Anim Vet Sci. 2023;11(1):6-10. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12,
  author = {Demessa Negessu},
  title = {BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20231101.12},
  abstract = {Major histocompatibility complex is the gene complex that exists in all vertebrae like humans (HLA), dogs (DLA), bovine (BLA), ovine (OLA), swine (SLA), and equine (ELA). MHC possesses three regions (I, II, III) that control major specific immune responses and contain variety of genes which influence growth, development, reproduction, odor, and olfaction. Measuring levels of polymorphism of these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. As humans and mice, cattle have three MHC gene classes (class I, II, and III). Both BoLA class I and II play a role in antigen presentation, however the function of BoLA class III has been releated with components of the complement system. BoLA class II region is extra separated into class IIa and class IIb. In this gene, the genetic polymorphism of class II α and β genes occurs predominantly in exon 2 encoding the antigen binding site. The BoLa-A locus has 32 serologically defined alleles and minimum four further putative alleles in addition to a high frequency of null alleles. With association allele hold DRB3.2*8 (DRB3*1201) and DRB3.2*16 (DRB3*1501) genes are associated with mastitis susceptibility, and DRB3.2*22 (DRB3*1101), DRB3.2*23 (DRB3*2703) and DRB3.2*24 (DRB3*0101) with mastitis resistance. The A8 specificity and the EIAY sequence are significant markers of resistance, while the serine residue is a marker of susceptibility to dermatophlosis. According to the report 2004, BoLA-DRB3 alleles with the amino acid residues Glu, Arg, and valine (Val) at positions 74, 77, and 78, respectively, give resistance to tumor development by BLV infection. On the other hand, HaeIII CC and HaeIII BC genotypes were actually associated with resistance to FMD in contrast, the HaeIII AA genotype was associated with susceptibility to FMD. Another report on infected Egyptian buffaloes with serotype O FMDV genotype AA for FMD resistance while genotype AC for susceptibility to FMD.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review
AU  - Demessa Negessu
Y1  - 2023/02/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 6
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
AB  - Major histocompatibility complex is the gene complex that exists in all vertebrae like humans (HLA), dogs (DLA), bovine (BLA), ovine (OLA), swine (SLA), and equine (ELA). MHC possesses three regions (I, II, III) that control major specific immune responses and contain variety of genes which influence growth, development, reproduction, odor, and olfaction. Measuring levels of polymorphism of these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. As humans and mice, cattle have three MHC gene classes (class I, II, and III). Both BoLA class I and II play a role in antigen presentation, however the function of BoLA class III has been releated with components of the complement system. BoLA class II region is extra separated into class IIa and class IIb. In this gene, the genetic polymorphism of class II α and β genes occurs predominantly in exon 2 encoding the antigen binding site. The BoLa-A locus has 32 serologically defined alleles and minimum four further putative alleles in addition to a high frequency of null alleles. With association allele hold DRB3.2*8 (DRB3*1201) and DRB3.2*16 (DRB3*1501) genes are associated with mastitis susceptibility, and DRB3.2*22 (DRB3*1101), DRB3.2*23 (DRB3*2703) and DRB3.2*24 (DRB3*0101) with mastitis resistance. The A8 specificity and the EIAY sequence are significant markers of resistance, while the serine residue is a marker of susceptibility to dermatophlosis. According to the report 2004, BoLA-DRB3 alleles with the amino acid residues Glu, Arg, and valine (Val) at positions 74, 77, and 78, respectively, give resistance to tumor development by BLV infection. On the other hand, HaeIII CC and HaeIII BC genotypes were actually associated with resistance to FMD in contrast, the HaeIII AA genotype was associated with susceptibility to FMD. Another report on infected Egyptian buffaloes with serotype O FMDV genotype AA for FMD resistance while genotype AC for susceptibility to FMD.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Demessa Negessu

Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia

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Demessa Negessu. (2023). BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 11(1), 6-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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ACS Style

Demessa Negessu. BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2023, 11(1), 6-10. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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AMA Style

Demessa Negessu. BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review. Anim Vet Sci. 2023;11(1):6-10. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12,
  author = {Demessa Negessu},
  title = {BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-10},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20231101.12},
  abstract = {Major histocompatibility complex is the gene complex that exists in all vertebrae like humans (HLA), dogs (DLA), bovine (BLA), ovine (OLA), swine (SLA), and equine (ELA). MHC possesses three regions (I, II, III) that control major specific immune responses and contain variety of genes which influence growth, development, reproduction, odor, and olfaction. Measuring levels of polymorphism of these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. As humans and mice, cattle have three MHC gene classes (class I, II, and III). Both BoLA class I and II play a role in antigen presentation, however the function of BoLA class III has been releated with components of the complement system. BoLA class II region is extra separated into class IIa and class IIb. In this gene, the genetic polymorphism of class II α and β genes occurs predominantly in exon 2 encoding the antigen binding site. The BoLa-A locus has 32 serologically defined alleles and minimum four further putative alleles in addition to a high frequency of null alleles. With association allele hold DRB3.2*8 (DRB3*1201) and DRB3.2*16 (DRB3*1501) genes are associated with mastitis susceptibility, and DRB3.2*22 (DRB3*1101), DRB3.2*23 (DRB3*2703) and DRB3.2*24 (DRB3*0101) with mastitis resistance. The A8 specificity and the EIAY sequence are significant markers of resistance, while the serine residue is a marker of susceptibility to dermatophlosis. According to the report 2004, BoLA-DRB3 alleles with the amino acid residues Glu, Arg, and valine (Val) at positions 74, 77, and 78, respectively, give resistance to tumor development by BLV infection. On the other hand, HaeIII CC and HaeIII BC genotypes were actually associated with resistance to FMD in contrast, the HaeIII AA genotype was associated with susceptibility to FMD. Another report on infected Egyptian buffaloes with serotype O FMDV genotype AA for FMD resistance while genotype AC for susceptibility to FMD.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - BOLA Gene Polymorphism and Determination of Disease Severity and Susceptibility: Review
AU  - Demessa Negessu
Y1  - 2023/02/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 6
EP  - 10
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20231101.12
AB  - Major histocompatibility complex is the gene complex that exists in all vertebrae like humans (HLA), dogs (DLA), bovine (BLA), ovine (OLA), swine (SLA), and equine (ELA). MHC possesses three regions (I, II, III) that control major specific immune responses and contain variety of genes which influence growth, development, reproduction, odor, and olfaction. Measuring levels of polymorphism of these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. As humans and mice, cattle have three MHC gene classes (class I, II, and III). Both BoLA class I and II play a role in antigen presentation, however the function of BoLA class III has been releated with components of the complement system. BoLA class II region is extra separated into class IIa and class IIb. In this gene, the genetic polymorphism of class II α and β genes occurs predominantly in exon 2 encoding the antigen binding site. The BoLa-A locus has 32 serologically defined alleles and minimum four further putative alleles in addition to a high frequency of null alleles. With association allele hold DRB3.2*8 (DRB3*1201) and DRB3.2*16 (DRB3*1501) genes are associated with mastitis susceptibility, and DRB3.2*22 (DRB3*1101), DRB3.2*23 (DRB3*2703) and DRB3.2*24 (DRB3*0101) with mastitis resistance. The A8 specificity and the EIAY sequence are significant markers of resistance, while the serine residue is a marker of susceptibility to dermatophlosis. According to the report 2004, BoLA-DRB3 alleles with the amino acid residues Glu, Arg, and valine (Val) at positions 74, 77, and 78, respectively, give resistance to tumor development by BLV infection. On the other hand, HaeIII CC and HaeIII BC genotypes were actually associated with resistance to FMD in contrast, the HaeIII AA genotype was associated with susceptibility to FMD. Another report on infected Egyptian buffaloes with serotype O FMDV genotype AA for FMD resistance while genotype AC for susceptibility to FMD.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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