| Peer-Reviewed

Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films

Received: 2 March 2022    Accepted: 21 March 2022    Published: 29 March 2022
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Translation is the process of transferring information from one book to another. Language is a tool that is used to move information from one book to the other. Textual and paratextual translations are two types of translation. Textual translation is a book translation, whereas paratextual translation is a non-book translation, sometimes, known as an audiovisual translation. There are two parts to this audiovisual: dubbing and subtitling. This study is focused on subtitling that addresses written information on the screen of television or cinema. Generally, translation as a type of information transfer, has aided many people and the entertainment industry in communicating information to various target audiences through language. Oral and written communication, as well as paralinguistic, such as body language gestures, are all examples of how language can be represented. Language is the tool by which man conveys his thoughts and ideas, meaning that it is the most efficient form of communication for man, and it is vital to humanity. The component of communication that occurs outside of the words themselves is known as paralinguistic. This study aims to determine the efficacy of paralinguistic communication in subtitles. In order to make the point of discourse apparent, examples of gesture were taken from two Nollywood films, Aka Azụ Dị Ya and Ụmụ Afrịka. A descriptive methodology approach of data used for the study was employed. This study discovered that paralinguistic is significant in presenting information to audiences, particularly, specific audiences because, it aids in the understanding of a certain expression. This study suggests that paralinguistic is extremely important in communicating information in subtitled films, both in Nollywood and in other film industries throughout the world. In order to generate a communicative Nollywood Igbo films, the study finds that sufficient attention should be paid to film subtitling and editing throughout production, as well as the expertise of the film editors.

Published in Arabic Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Language, Paralinguistic, Communication, Translation and Subtitles

References
[1] Bartoll, E. (2004). Parameters for the classification of subtitles. In Pilar Orero (ed.), Topics in Audiovisual Translation 53-60. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
[2] Bross, F. (2020). Why do we shake our heads? On the origin of the headshake. Gesture, 19 (2/3). 269–299.
[3] Cintas, J. (2001). La traducción audiovisual: El subtitulado. Salamanca: Almar.
[4] Cintas, J. (2006). Audiovisual translation in the third millennium. In G. Anderman & M. Rogers (eds.). Translation today: Trends and perspectives. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[5] Dayan, L. (2014). On the Classification of Subtitling. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 5 (5). Finland: Academy publisher. Doi: 10.4304/jltr.5.5.1103-1109.
[6] Gottlieb, H. (1997). Subtitles, translation and idioms. Thesis, University of Copenhagen.
[7] Gottlieb, H. (2005). Subtitle. In Mona Baker (ed.). Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, 244-248. Shanghai: Shangahai Foreign Language Education Press.
[8] Hoste, L. & Signer, B. (2014). Criteria, challenges and opportunities for gesture programming languages" In proceedings of 1st international workshop on engineering gestures for multimodal interfaces. Rome, Italy.
[9] Luyken, Georg-Michael, Thomas Herbst, Jo Langham-Brown, Helene Reid and Hermans Spinhof. (1991). Overcoming Language Barriers in Television. Manchester: The European Institute for the Media. In. In L. Bowker et al. (eds.), Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies (pp. 65-75). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[10] MCNEILL, D. (2006). Gesture and Communication. In: BROWN, 58–65.
[11] Nwike, C. C., Agbedo, C. U. & Ndubuisi I. E. (2021). Capitalization Roles in Subtitled Igbo Movies: The Translator’s Aid. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 356-361, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1104.04. Retrieved on 4th of April 2021.
[12] Nwike, C. C. & Agbedo C. U (2021). Correctness of the subtitled expressions in context: The translator in film making process. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 12 (3), pp. 387-394. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/litr.1203.08
[13] Nwike, C. C., Olaide, O. & Obiora, H. C. (2021). Subtitling as a Didactic Tool for Relating Exactness of Information and Cultural Preservation: The Igbo Language Mediascape Example. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 11, No. 8, pp. 901-909.
[14] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1108.05
[15] Nwike, C. C. (2021). Punctuation Relevance in Subtitle: The Foreign Audience Example. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 11 (3), pp. 326-332, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1103.14
[16] Nwike, C. C. (2022). Subtitling in selected Igbo films. A seminar paper presented in partial fulfilment for award of PhD, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
[17] O‘Connell, E. (2007). Choices and constraints in screen translation. In L. Bowker et. al.(Eds.). Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
[18] Schandorf, M. (2013). Mediated gesture paralinguaistic communication and phatic text. The international journal of research into new media technologies, 19 (3) 319-344. Doi: 10.1177/1354856512439501.
[19] Shuttleworth, S. Mark, L. & Moira, C. (2004). Dictionary of Translation Studies. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Roseline Ijeoma Okorji, Augustine Ngozi Eze, Christopher Chinedu Nwike. (2022). Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films. Arabic Language, Literature & Culture, 7(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Roseline Ijeoma Okorji; Augustine Ngozi Eze; Christopher Chinedu Nwike. Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films. Arab. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2022, 7(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Roseline Ijeoma Okorji, Augustine Ngozi Eze, Christopher Chinedu Nwike. Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films. Arab Lang Lit Cult. 2022;7(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11,
      author = {Roseline Ijeoma Okorji and Augustine Ngozi Eze and Christopher Chinedu Nwike},
      title = {Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films},
      journal = {Arabic Language, Literature & Culture},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.allc.20220701.11},
      abstract = {Translation is the process of transferring information from one book to another. Language is a tool that is used to move information from one book to the other. Textual and paratextual translations are two types of translation. Textual translation is a book translation, whereas paratextual translation is a non-book translation, sometimes, known as an audiovisual translation. There are two parts to this audiovisual: dubbing and subtitling. This study is focused on subtitling that addresses written information on the screen of television or cinema. Generally, translation as a type of information transfer, has aided many people and the entertainment industry in communicating information to various target audiences through language. Oral and written communication, as well as paralinguistic, such as body language gestures, are all examples of how language can be represented. Language is the tool by which man conveys his thoughts and ideas, meaning that it is the most efficient form of communication for man, and it is vital to humanity. The component of communication that occurs outside of the words themselves is known as paralinguistic. This study aims to determine the efficacy of paralinguistic communication in subtitles. In order to make the point of discourse apparent, examples of gesture were taken from two Nollywood films, Aka Azụ Dị Ya and Ụmụ Afrịka. A descriptive methodology approach of data used for the study was employed. This study discovered that paralinguistic is significant in presenting information to audiences, particularly, specific audiences because, it aids in the understanding of a certain expression. This study suggests that paralinguistic is extremely important in communicating information in subtitled films, both in Nollywood and in other film industries throughout the world. In order to generate a communicative Nollywood Igbo films, the study finds that sufficient attention should be paid to film subtitling and editing throughout production, as well as the expertise of the film editors.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Paralinguistic Communication in Igbo Nollywood Subtitles: A Case Study of Two Igbo Films
    AU  - Roseline Ijeoma Okorji
    AU  - Augustine Ngozi Eze
    AU  - Christopher Chinedu Nwike
    Y1  - 2022/03/29
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11
    T2  - Arabic Language, Literature & Culture
    JF  - Arabic Language, Literature & Culture
    JO  - Arabic Language, Literature & Culture
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 5
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2639-9695
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.allc.20220701.11
    AB  - Translation is the process of transferring information from one book to another. Language is a tool that is used to move information from one book to the other. Textual and paratextual translations are two types of translation. Textual translation is a book translation, whereas paratextual translation is a non-book translation, sometimes, known as an audiovisual translation. There are two parts to this audiovisual: dubbing and subtitling. This study is focused on subtitling that addresses written information on the screen of television or cinema. Generally, translation as a type of information transfer, has aided many people and the entertainment industry in communicating information to various target audiences through language. Oral and written communication, as well as paralinguistic, such as body language gestures, are all examples of how language can be represented. Language is the tool by which man conveys his thoughts and ideas, meaning that it is the most efficient form of communication for man, and it is vital to humanity. The component of communication that occurs outside of the words themselves is known as paralinguistic. This study aims to determine the efficacy of paralinguistic communication in subtitles. In order to make the point of discourse apparent, examples of gesture were taken from two Nollywood films, Aka Azụ Dị Ya and Ụmụ Afrịka. A descriptive methodology approach of data used for the study was employed. This study discovered that paralinguistic is significant in presenting information to audiences, particularly, specific audiences because, it aids in the understanding of a certain expression. This study suggests that paralinguistic is extremely important in communicating information in subtitled films, both in Nollywood and in other film industries throughout the world. In order to generate a communicative Nollywood Igbo films, the study finds that sufficient attention should be paid to film subtitling and editing throughout production, as well as the expertise of the film editors.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Linguistics, Igbo and Other Nigerian Languages, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Linguistics, Igbo and Other Nigerian Languages, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Linguistics, Igbo and Other Nigerian Languages, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Sections