Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel; Mane Mane Jeannot; Mengata Mengounou Ghislain; Moukouri Mikano Jonas; Asse Jean Bernard

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel, Mane Mane Jeannot, Mengata Mengounou Ghislain, Moukouri Mikano Jonas, Asse Jean Bernard

Published in American Journal of Nanosciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 29 August 2021 Accepted: 24 September 2021 Published: 10 November 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

From the technological point of view, the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aims at optimizing their field emission properties. Among all the synthesis methods, the CVD method is the most suitable for the growth of carbon nanotubes. In this method, transition metal atoms (Fe, Ni, Co) are used. The carbon nanotubes obtained with these transition metals present some major defects associated with some rather complex purification conditions. Starting from the fact that the electronegative atom (oxygen) participates in the promotion of the adsorption of the alkenes on the dense faces of the transition metals, this leads to think that the deposition of oxygen on transition metal catalyst before the CVD synthesis would weaken the bond between the graphitic surfaces and the transition particles. The interaction of electronegative atoms (oxygen) with transition metal particles prior to the CVD process results in a removal of charge from the metal atoms that results in a change in the d-band surface density, thereby lowering the amount of charge density in the mixed catalyst formed. This charge density could have interacted further with donation, and retro-donation of the alkene and back to the alkyne atoms during and after the CVD process. This oxygen-transition metal interaction is described in the framework of the Dewar-Chatt- Duncanson (DCD) model. It is expected that the carbon nanotubes thus obtained will have minor defects, have a somewhat reduced height, be of better quality compared to those obtained without promotion and allow easier purification conditions, while considering a popcorn model to lift the catalyst particles by thermal stirring. The expected experimental results can be verified using surface analysis techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy through the shifts of the band transitions that occur, photoelectron spectroscopy for resonance line position shifts.

Published in	American Journal of Nanosciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
Page(s)	66-81
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Carbon Nanotube, Electronegative Promotion, DC HF CCVD Synthesis, DCD Model, Transition Metal

References

[1]	S. Iijima, "Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon," nature, vol. 354, n°. 6348, pp. 56-58, 1991.
[2]	A. V. Melechko et al., "Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers and related structures: Controlled synthesis and directed assembly," Journal of applied physics, vol. 97, n°. 4, p. 3, 2005.
[3]	O. Gröning, O. Küttel, C. Emmenegger, P. Gröning, and L. Schlapbach, "Field emission properties of carbon nanotubes," Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, vol. 18, n°. 2, pp. 665-678, 2000.
[4]	Y. Wei, C. Xie, K. A. Dean, and B. F. Coll, "Stability of carbon nanotubes under electric field studied by scanning electron microscopy," Applied physics letters, vol. 79, n°. 27, pp. 4527-4529, 2001.
[5]	J. Mane Mane, J. M. Nyangono Kouma, B. Thiodjio Sendja, "Electropositive Promotion of DC HF CCVD Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review," Journal of Materials Sciences and Applications, vol. n°. 6, pp. 1-23, 2020.
[6]	J. Mane. Mane, B. Thiodjio. Sendja, and R. Eba. Medjo, "Charge Transfer Transition Metal-Carbon at the Tips of CCVD Carbon Nanotubes Within the DCD Model," Materials Sciences and Applications, vol. 1, n°. 5, pp. 239-255, 2015.
[7]	J. Chiou et al., "Electronic structure of the carbon nanotube tips studied by x-ray-absorption spectroscopy and scanning photoelectron microscopy," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 81, no. 22, pp. 4189-4191, 2002.
[8]	J. Mane. Mane et al., "Alignment of vertically grown carbon nanostructures studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy," Materials Sciences and Applications, vol. 5, n°. 13, p. 966, 2014.
[9]	R. Eba Medjo, J. Mane. Mane, B. Thiodjio Sendja, "XANES and Complementary Microscopy Studies of Carbon Nanostructure," LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2015.
[10]	G. Comelli, J. Stöhr, W. Jark, and B. Pate, "Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure studies of diamond and graphite," Physical Review B, vol. 37, n°. 9, p. 4383, 1988.
[11]	L. Fayette et al., "Local order in CVD diamond films: Comparative Raman, x-ray-diffraction, and x-ray-absorption near-edge studies," Physical Review B, vol. 57, n° 22, p. 14123, 1998.
[12]	N. Mubumbila et al., "EELS and NEXAFS structural investigations on the effects of the nitrogen incorporation in a-CNx films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering," Diamond and related materials, vol. 13, n°. 4-8, pp. 1433-1436, 2004.
[13]	A. Cassuto, J. Mane. Mane, M. Hugenschmidt, P. Dolle, and J. Jupille, "The effect of K, Cs and O atoms on ethylene adsorption on the Pt(111) surface," Surface science, vol. 237, n°. 1-3, pp. 63-71, 1990.
[14]	J. Mane. Mane, B. Thiodjio. Sendja, and R. E. Medjo, "Contribution of Carbon Nanotubes Cap to XAS Signal: A Review."
[15]	R. Eba. Medjo., "Carbon Nanotubes. Applications on Electron Devices," pp. 4-36, 01 August 2011.
[16]	Z. Yoshida and E. Osawa, "Aromaticity Kagakudojin," ed: Kyoto, 1971.
[17]	E. Scerri, "The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance," 2007.
[18]	P. Wiles and J. J. C. Abrahamson, "Carbon fibre layers on arc electrodes I: their properties and cool-down behaviour," vol. 16, n°. 5, pp. 341-349, 1978.
[19]	D. Babonnenau, Thesis, University of Poitiers, 1999.
[20]	W. Krätschmer, L. D. Lamb, K. Fostiropoulos, and D. R. J. N. Huffman, "Solid C₆₀: a new form of carbon," vol. 347, n°. 6291, pp. 354-358, 1990.
[21]	H. W. Kroto, J. R. Heath, S. C. O’Brien, R. F. Curl, and R. E. J. n. Smalley, "C₆₀: buckminsterfullerene," vol. 318, n°. 6042, pp. 162-163, 1985.
[22]	R. Eba. Medjo, B. Thiodjio. Sendja, J. Mane. Mane, and Applications, "Curvature, hybridization and contamination of carbon nanostructures analysis using electron microscopy and XANES spectroscopy," vol. 2014, 2014.
[23]	S. Decossas, Thesis, University of Grenoble I - Joseph Fourier, 2001.
[24]	N. Wang, Z. Tang, G. Li, and J. J. N. Chen, "Materials science: Single-walled 4 A carbon nanotube arrays," vol. 408, n°. 6808, pp. 50-52, 2000.
[25]	J. Mane Mane, C. S. Cojocaru, A. Barbier, J. P. Deville, B. Thiodjio Sendja, and F. Le Normand, "GISAXS study of the alignment of oriented carbon nanotubes grown on plain SiO₂/Si(100) substrates by a catalytically enhanced CVD process," physica status solidi (a), vol. 204, n°. 12, pp. 4209-4229, 2007.
[26]	G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus, and R. Saito, Physical properties of carbon nanotubes. World scientific, 1998.
[27]	V. Dravid et al., "Buckytubes and derivatives: their growth and implications for buckyball formation," vol. 259, n°. 5101, pp. 1601-1604, 1993.
[28]	Dewar, M. Bull. "A review of the pi-complex theory," vol. 18, n°. 3-4, pp. C71-C79, 1951.
[29]	J. Chatt and L. A. Duncanson, "586. Olefin co-ordination compounds. Part III. Infra-red spectra and structure: attempted preparation of acetylene complexes," pp. 2939-2947, 1953.
[30]	J. Chatt, L. A. Duncanson, and L. M. Venanzi, J. Chem. "Directing effects in inorganic substitution reactions. Part I. A hypothesis to explain the trans-effect," pp. 4456-4460, 1955.
[31]	J. Mane Mane, "Adsorption des hydrocarbures insaturés (éthylène et propylène) sur la surface Pt(111) nue et en présence de coadsorbats (alcalins, oxygène, alcalins “oxydés”): étude par AES, TDS, UPS, XPS et NEXAFS.," PhD, SCIENCES ET GENIE DES MATERIAUX, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy-I, 1993.
[32]	E. Stuve, R. Madix, and G. Brundle, "CO oxidation on Pd(100): A study of the coadsorption of oxygen and carbon monoxide," vol. 146, n°. 1, pp. 155-178, 1984.
[33]	E. Stuve and R. J. Madix, "Bonding and dehydrogenation of ethylene on palladium metal. Vibrational spectra and temperature-programed reaction studies on palladium (100)," vol. 89, n°. 1, pp. 105-112, 1985.
[34]	H. Steininger, H. Ibach, and S. Lehwald, "Surface reactions of ethylene and oxygen on Pt(111)," vol. 117, n°. 1-3, pp. 685-698, 1982.
[35]	U. Seip, M. C. Tsai, J. Küppers, and G. Ertl, "Interaction of acetylene and ethylene with an Fe(111) surface," vol. 147, n°. 1, pp. 65-88, 1984.
[36]	M. Barteau, J. Broughton, and D. Menzel, "Vibrational spectroscopy of hydrocarbon intermediates on Ru(001)," vol. 19, n°. 1-4, pp. 92-115, 1984.
[37]	S. Lehwald, H. Ibach, and H. Steininger, "Overtones and multiphonon processes in vibration spectra of adsorbed molecules," vol. 117, n°. 1-3, pp. 342-351, 1982.
[38]	S. Lehwald and H. Ibach, "Decomposition of hydrocarbons on flat and stepped Ni(111) surfaces," vol. 89, n°. 1-3, pp. 425-445, 1979.
[39]	W. Erley, A. Baro, and H. Ibach, "Vibrational spectra of acetylene and ethylene adsorbed on Fe(110)," vol. 120, n°. 2, pp. 273-290, 1982.
[40]	J. Gates and L. Kesmodel, "EELS analysis of the low temperature phase of ethylene chemisorbed on Pd (111)," vol. 120, n°. 2, pp. L461-L467, 1982.
[41]	D. B. Powell, "JGV Scott and N. Sheppard," vol. 28, p. 327, 1972.
[42]	C. Nyberg and C. G. Tengst, "l, S. Andersson and M. W Holmes," vol. 87, n°. 87, p. 18, 1982.
[43]	C. Back, C. P. M. De Groot, and P. Biloen, "Electron energy loss spectroscopy and its applications," vol. 6, n°. 3-4, pp. 256-272, 1980.
[44]	G. Herzberg, "Molecular spectra and molecular structure. Vol. 2: Infrared and Raman spectra of polyatomic molecules," 1945.
[45]	P. Kizler, "Directory on numerical X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) studies," vol. 172, n°. 1-2, pp. 66-76, 1992.
[46]	V. Briois, C. Brouder, P. Sainctavit, A. San Miguel, J.-P. Itié, and A. Polian, "Full-multiple-scattering calculations on HgTe under high pressure at the mercury L 2, 3 x-ray-absorption edges," vol. 56, n°. 10, p. 5866, 1997.
[47]	J. Phillips, K. Hodgson, H. Winick, S. Doniach, and S. D. Plenum, "Synchrotron Radiation Research," pp. 565-605, 1980.
[48]	C. Cojocaru, A. Senger, F. Le Normand, and nanotechnology, "A nucleation and growth model of vertically-oriented carbon nanofibers or nanotubes by plasma-enhanced catalytic chemical vapor deposition," vol. 6, n°. 5, pp. 1331-1338, 2006.
[49]	C. S. Cojocaru, "Synthèse contrôlée CCVD de films de nanostructures orientées de carbone (nanotubes de carbone, etc..): Applications en l'émission de champ et au magnétisme," PhD, PHYSIQUE DES MATERIAUX, Université Louis Pasteur de Strabourg, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, 2003.
[50]	A. Cassuto, S. Schmidt, and J. Mane Mane, "The interaction of potassium submonolayers adsorbed on Pt(111) with oxygen and the adsorption of ethylene on the resulting modified surfaces: a TDS and UPS study," vol. 284, n°. 3, pp. 273-280, 1993.
[51]	A. Cassuto, J. Mane Mane, V. Kronneberg, and J. Jupille, "Molecular orbital shifts of π-bonded ethylene adsorbed on Pt(111) in the presence of potassium atoms," vol. 251, pp. 1133-1137, 1991.
[52]	A. Cassuto, J. Mane Mane, G. Tourillon, P. Parent, and J. Jupille, "Compared bonding geometries of C₂H₄ and C₃H₆ on K-covered Pt(111) surfaces," vol. 287, pp. 460-464, 1993.
[53]	L. Kesmodel, L. Dubois, and G. Somorjai, "Dynamical LEED study of C₂H₂ and C₂H₄ chemisorption on Pt(111): evidence for the ethylidyne group," vol. 56, n°. 2, pp. 267-271, 1978.
[54]	J. L. Gland, F. Zaera, D. A. Fischer, R. G. Carr, and E. Kollin, "Ethylidyne formation rates on the Pt(111) surface," vol. 151, n°. 3, pp. 227-229, 1988.
[55]	L. Kesmodel, L. Dubois, and G. Somorjai, "LEED analysis of acetylene and ethylene chemisorption on the Pt(111) surface: Evidence for ethylidyne formation," vol. 70, n°. 5, pp. 2180-2188, 1979.
[56]	J. Demuth, "The reaction of ethylene and acetylene with Pt(111) at room temperature: The formation of vinyl-like species," vol. 80, pp. 367-387, 1979.
[57]	J. Demuth, "On the structure of chemisorbed acetylene and ethylene on Ni, Pd and Pt surfaces," vol. 84, n°. 2, pp. 315-328, 1979.
[58]	M. R. Albert, L. G. Sneddon, and W. Eberhardt, "F, Greuter, T. Gustafson and EW Plummer," vol. 120, p. 19, 1982.
[59]	A. M. Baro and H. Ibach, "Thermal evolution and decomposition of ethylene on Pt(111)," vol. 74, n°. 7, pp. 4194-4199, 1981.
[60]	M. Salmeron and G. Somorjai, "Desorption, decomposition, and deuterium exchange reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethylene, acetylene, propylene, and butenes) on the platinum (111) crystal face," vol. 86, n°. 3, pp. 341-350, 1982.
[61]	J. Creighton and J. White, "A SIMS study of the dehydrogenation of ethylene on Pt(111)," vol. 129, n°. 2-3, pp. 327-335, 1983.
[62]	F. Zaera and G. Somorjai, "Hydrogenation of ethylene over platinum (111) single-crystal surfaces," vol. 106, n°. 8, pp. 2288-2293, 1984.
[63]	S. Davis, F. Zaera, B. Gordon, and G. Somorjai, "Radiotracer and thermal desorption studies of dehydrogenation and atmospheric hydrogenation of organic fragments obtained from [14C] ethylene chemisorbed over Pt(111) surfaces," vol. 92, n°. 2, pp. 240-246, 1985.
[64]	K. Ogle, J. Creighton, S. Akhter, and J. White, "The formation and decomposition kinetics of alkylidynes on Pt(111)," vol. 169, n°. 1, pp. 246-266, 1986.
[65]	X. L. Zhou, X. Y. Zhu, and J. White, "A TPD, SIMS and Δφ study of the influence of coadsorbed potassium on the adsorption and decomposition of ethylene on Pt(111)," vol. 193, n°. 3, pp. 387-416, 1988.
[66]	N. Canning, M. Baker, and M. Chesters, "Ethylene and acetylene adsorption on Cu(111) and Pt(111) studied by Auger spectroscopy," vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 441-451, 1981.
[67]	I. Malik, M. Brubaker, S. Mohsin, and M. Trenary, "Infrared vibration–rotation selection rules for chemisorbed molecules with free internal rotation: Results for ethylidyne on Pt(111)," vol. 87, no. 9, pp. 5554-5561, 1987.
[68]	M. Hugenschmidt, P. Dolle, J. Jupille, A. Cassuto, S. Technology A: Vacuum, and Films, "Ethylene π species on bare and cesiated pt(111) surfaces," vol. 7, n°. 6, pp. 3312-3316, 1989.
[69]	P. Redhead, "Thermal desorption of gases," vol. 12, n°. 4, pp. 203-211, 1962.
[70]	R. Windham, M. Bartram, and B. E. Koel, "The influence of potassium on ethylene adsorption and decomposition on Pt(111)," American Vacuum Society, 1987.
[71]	T. Felter and W. Weinberg, "A model of ethylene and acetylene adsorption on the (111) surfaces of platinum and nickel," vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 265-287, 1981.
[72]	H. Ibach, S. Lehwald, and Technology, "Identification of surface radicals by vibration spectroscopy: Reactions of C₂H₂, C₂H₄, and H₂ on Pt(111)," vol. 15, n°. 2, pp. 407-415, 1978.
[73]	R. Koestner, J. Stöhr, J. Gland, and J. Horsley, "Orientation and bonding of ethylene and ethylidyne on Pt(111) by means of near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy," vol. 105, n°. 3, pp. 332-335, 1984.
[74]	J. Horsley, J. Stöhr, and R. Koestner, "Structure and bonding of chemisorbed ethylene and ethylidyne on Pt(111) from near edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and multiple scattering calculations," vol. 83, n°. 6, pp. 3146-3153, 1985.
[75]	R. Windham, M. Bartram, and B. Koel, "Coadsorption of ethylene and potassium on platinum (111). 1. Formation of a. pi.-bonded state of ethylene," vol. 92, n°. 10, pp. 2862-2870, 1988.
[76]	D. Turner, Mathematical and P. Sciences, "Molecular photoelectron spectroscopy," pp. 7-31, 1970.
[77]	W. Jorgensen and L. Salem, ’Academic Press, New York, "The Organic Chemist's," 1973.
[78]	N. Lang and A. Williams, "Theory of local-work-function determination by photoemission from rare-gas adsorbates," vol. 25, n°. 4, p. 2940, 1982.
[79]	E. Wimmer, C. L. Fu, and A. Freeman, "Catalytic promotion and poisoning: All-electron local-density-functional theory of CO on Ni(001) surfaces coadsorbed with K or S," vol. 55, n°. 23, p. 2618, 1985.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel, Mane Mane Jeannot, Mengata Mengounou Ghislain, Moukouri Mikano Jonas, Asse Jean Bernard. (2021). Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. American Journal of Nanosciences, 7(4), 66-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel; Mane Mane Jeannot; Mengata Mengounou Ghislain; Moukouri Mikano Jonas; Asse Jean Bernard. Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. Am. J. Nanosci. 2021, 7(4), 66-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel, Mane Mane Jeannot, Mengata Mengounou Ghislain, Moukouri Mikano Jonas, Asse Jean Bernard. Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. Am J Nanosci. 2021;7(4):66-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12,
  author = {Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel and Mane Mane Jeannot and Mengata Mengounou Ghislain and Moukouri Mikano Jonas and Asse Jean Bernard},
  title = {Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review},
  journal = {American Journal of Nanosciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajn.20210704.12},
  abstract = {From the technological point of view, the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aims at optimizing their field emission properties. Among all the synthesis methods, the CVD method is the most suitable for the growth of carbon nanotubes. In this method, transition metal atoms (Fe, Ni, Co) are used. The carbon nanotubes obtained with these transition metals present some major defects associated with some rather complex purification conditions. Starting from the fact that the electronegative atom (oxygen) participates in the promotion of the adsorption of the alkenes on the dense faces of the transition metals, this leads to think that the deposition of oxygen on transition metal catalyst before the CVD synthesis would weaken the bond between the graphitic surfaces and the transition particles. The interaction of electronegative atoms (oxygen) with transition metal particles prior to the CVD process results in a removal of charge from the metal atoms that results in a change in the d-band surface density, thereby lowering the amount of charge density in the mixed catalyst formed. This charge density could have interacted further with donation, and retro-donation of the alkene and back to the alkyne atoms during and after the CVD process. This oxygen-transition metal interaction is described in the framework of the Dewar-Chatt- Duncanson (DCD) model. It is expected that the carbon nanotubes thus obtained will have minor defects, have a somewhat reduced height, be of better quality compared to those obtained without promotion and allow easier purification conditions, while considering a popcorn model to lift the catalyst particles by thermal stirring. The expected experimental results can be verified using surface analysis techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy through the shifts of the band transitions that occur, photoelectron spectroscopy for resonance line position shifts.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review
AU  - Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel
AU  - Mane Mane Jeannot
AU  - Mengata Mengounou Ghislain
AU  - Moukouri Mikano Jonas
AU  - Asse Jean Bernard
Y1  - 2021/11/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
T2  - American Journal of Nanosciences
JF  - American Journal of Nanosciences
JO  - American Journal of Nanosciences
SP  - 66
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-4858
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
AB  - From the technological point of view, the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aims at optimizing their field emission properties. Among all the synthesis methods, the CVD method is the most suitable for the growth of carbon nanotubes. In this method, transition metal atoms (Fe, Ni, Co) are used. The carbon nanotubes obtained with these transition metals present some major defects associated with some rather complex purification conditions. Starting from the fact that the electronegative atom (oxygen) participates in the promotion of the adsorption of the alkenes on the dense faces of the transition metals, this leads to think that the deposition of oxygen on transition metal catalyst before the CVD synthesis would weaken the bond between the graphitic surfaces and the transition particles. The interaction of electronegative atoms (oxygen) with transition metal particles prior to the CVD process results in a removal of charge from the metal atoms that results in a change in the d-band surface density, thereby lowering the amount of charge density in the mixed catalyst formed. This charge density could have interacted further with donation, and retro-donation of the alkene and back to the alkyne atoms during and after the CVD process. This oxygen-transition metal interaction is described in the framework of the Dewar-Chatt- Duncanson (DCD) model. It is expected that the carbon nanotubes thus obtained will have minor defects, have a somewhat reduced height, be of better quality compared to those obtained without promotion and allow easier purification conditions, while considering a popcorn model to lift the catalyst particles by thermal stirring. The expected experimental results can be verified using surface analysis techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy through the shifts of the band transitions that occur, photoelectron spectroscopy for resonance line position shifts.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel

Laboratory of Computer and Automatic Engineering, Advanced Teachers’ Training College for Technical Education (ENSET), University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Mane Mane Jeannot

Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Mengata Mengounou Ghislain

Laboratory of Technology and Applied Science, University Institute of Technology, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Moukouri Mikano Jonas

Basical Scientific Teachings (ESB) Department, Advanced Teachers’ Training College for Technical Education (ENSET), University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Asse Jean Bernard

Laboratory of Technology and Applied Science, University Institute of Technology, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel, Mane Mane Jeannot, Mengata Mengounou Ghislain, Moukouri Mikano Jonas, Asse Jean Bernard. (2021). Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. American Journal of Nanosciences, 7(4), 66-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel; Mane Mane Jeannot; Mengata Mengounou Ghislain; Moukouri Mikano Jonas; Asse Jean Bernard. Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. Am. J. Nanosci. 2021, 7(4), 66-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel, Mane Mane Jeannot, Mengata Mengounou Ghislain, Moukouri Mikano Jonas, Asse Jean Bernard. Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review. Am J Nanosci. 2021;7(4):66-81. doi: 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12,
  author = {Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel and Mane Mane Jeannot and Mengata Mengounou Ghislain and Moukouri Mikano Jonas and Asse Jean Bernard},
  title = {Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review},
  journal = {American Journal of Nanosciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajn.20210704.12},
  abstract = {From the technological point of view, the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aims at optimizing their field emission properties. Among all the synthesis methods, the CVD method is the most suitable for the growth of carbon nanotubes. In this method, transition metal atoms (Fe, Ni, Co) are used. The carbon nanotubes obtained with these transition metals present some major defects associated with some rather complex purification conditions. Starting from the fact that the electronegative atom (oxygen) participates in the promotion of the adsorption of the alkenes on the dense faces of the transition metals, this leads to think that the deposition of oxygen on transition metal catalyst before the CVD synthesis would weaken the bond between the graphitic surfaces and the transition particles. The interaction of electronegative atoms (oxygen) with transition metal particles prior to the CVD process results in a removal of charge from the metal atoms that results in a change in the d-band surface density, thereby lowering the amount of charge density in the mixed catalyst formed. This charge density could have interacted further with donation, and retro-donation of the alkene and back to the alkyne atoms during and after the CVD process. This oxygen-transition metal interaction is described in the framework of the Dewar-Chatt- Duncanson (DCD) model. It is expected that the carbon nanotubes thus obtained will have minor defects, have a somewhat reduced height, be of better quality compared to those obtained without promotion and allow easier purification conditions, while considering a popcorn model to lift the catalyst particles by thermal stirring. The expected experimental results can be verified using surface analysis techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy through the shifts of the band transitions that occur, photoelectron spectroscopy for resonance line position shifts.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Electronegative Promotion in the Synthesis by DC HF CCVD Growth Method of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review
AU  - Nyangono Kouma Jean Michel
AU  - Mane Mane Jeannot
AU  - Mengata Mengounou Ghislain
AU  - Moukouri Mikano Jonas
AU  - Asse Jean Bernard
Y1  - 2021/11/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
T2  - American Journal of Nanosciences
JF  - American Journal of Nanosciences
JO  - American Journal of Nanosciences
SP  - 66
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-4858
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20210704.12
AB  - From the technological point of view, the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aims at optimizing their field emission properties. Among all the synthesis methods, the CVD method is the most suitable for the growth of carbon nanotubes. In this method, transition metal atoms (Fe, Ni, Co) are used. The carbon nanotubes obtained with these transition metals present some major defects associated with some rather complex purification conditions. Starting from the fact that the electronegative atom (oxygen) participates in the promotion of the adsorption of the alkenes on the dense faces of the transition metals, this leads to think that the deposition of oxygen on transition metal catalyst before the CVD synthesis would weaken the bond between the graphitic surfaces and the transition particles. The interaction of electronegative atoms (oxygen) with transition metal particles prior to the CVD process results in a removal of charge from the metal atoms that results in a change in the d-band surface density, thereby lowering the amount of charge density in the mixed catalyst formed. This charge density could have interacted further with donation, and retro-donation of the alkene and back to the alkyne atoms during and after the CVD process. This oxygen-transition metal interaction is described in the framework of the Dewar-Chatt- Duncanson (DCD) model. It is expected that the carbon nanotubes thus obtained will have minor defects, have a somewhat reduced height, be of better quality compared to those obtained without promotion and allow easier purification conditions, while considering a popcorn model to lift the catalyst particles by thermal stirring. The expected experimental results can be verified using surface analysis techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy through the shifts of the band transitions that occur, photoelectron spectroscopy for resonance line position shifts.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download