Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia

Suleyiman Hassen Ali; Ziyad Ahmed Abdo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia

Suleyiman Hassen Ali, Ziyad Ahmed Abdo

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 4 January 2022 Accepted: 1 March 2022 Published: 11 March 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency is the leading and single nutrient deficiency in the world affecting over 30% of the world’s population particularly in developing countries. Pregnant women are at high risk of iron deficiency due to increased nutrient requirements during pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 0.4% of pregnant women take Iron supplements more than 90 days of the recommended 180 days. The factors for this low adherence are not clearly known. Objective: To assess the level of adherence and factors associated with iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal service of selected health facilities in Borena South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. About 340 pregnant women attended health centers in Borena, South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia was included in the study by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into Epi info version-7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at P<0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio calculated at 95% CI. Result: The overall adherence to iron folate supplement was 45.6%. Husbands educational level [AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.07-3.57], history of abortion [AOR=0.162; 95% CI: 0.050-0.53], having diseases diagnosed other than anemia [AOR=0.476; 95% CI: 0.284-0.798], taking of IFA in months [AOR=2.81; 95% CI: 1.365-5.786] and encouragement to take IFA [AOR=0.125; 95% CI: 0.037-0.418] were significantly associated with adherence to iron folate acid supplementation. Conclusion: Adherence to IFA supplement utilization was low in the study area. Provision of health education to pregnant mothers and the community on anemia and the importance of IFA during pregnancy through adequate counseling, community education, and media would increase adherence.

Published in	American Journal of Health Research (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11
Page(s)	24-32
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Adherence, Iron/Folic Acid, Pregnant Women, Borena, Ethiopia

References

[1]	Ba DM, Ssentongo P, Kjerulff KH, Na M, Liu G, Gao X, et al. Adherence to Iron Supplementation in 22 Sub-Saharan African Countries and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women: A Large Population-Based Study. Curr Dev Nutr. 2019; 3 (12): 1–8.
[2]	WHO. World Health Report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life Methods Summaries for Risk Factors assessed in Chapter 4. World Heal Rep. 2003; (1994): 1–33.
[3]	Sendeku FW, Azeze GG, Fenta SL. Adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020; 20 (1): 1–10.
[4]	WHO. Guideline: Daily iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant women. World Heal Organ. 2012; 46: 323–9.
[5]	Sengpiel V, Bacelis J, Myhre R, Myking S, Pay AD, Haugen M, et al. Folic acid supplementation, dietary folate intake during pregnancy and risk for spontaneous preterm delivery: a prospective observational cohort study. 2013.
[6]	Gebre A. Assessment of Factors Associated with Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation Among Urban and Rural Pregnant Women in North Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia: Comparative Study. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2015; 4 (2): 161.
[7]	Biswas M, Baruah R. Maternal anaemia associated with socio-demographic factors among pregnant women of Boko-Bongaon Block Kamrup, Assam. Indian J Basic Appl Med Res. 2014; 3 (2): 712–21.
[8]	EPHI. Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019 [Internet]. The DHS Program ICF Rockville. 2019. bl 1–207. Available at: https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-FR363-DHS-Final-Reports.cfm.
[9]	Gathigi LN. Factors Influencing Utilization of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Services among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Nyeri Provincial Hospital Kenya Lucy Nyandia Gathigi Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Science in A. 2011.
[10]	Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Effect of routine iron supplementation with or without folic acid on anemia during pregnancy. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2011; 11 (3): S21. Available at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/S3/S21.
[11]	WHO. Micronutrient deficiencies. Available at http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/. Date accessed: 16 Nov 2016. 2016. bl 16.
[12]	Mclean E. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia Worldwide prevalence of anaemia. 2005.
[13]	EDHS. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, 2011. Heal San Fr. 2001; (March): 1–5.
[14]	Ibrahim ZM, El-hamid SABD, Mikhail H, Khattab MS. Assessment of Adherence to Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation and Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women. 2011; 79 (2).
[15]	Sushila G, Ritu H, Smiti N, Sonika M. To Study Compliance of Antenatal Women in Relation To Iron Supplementation in Routine Ante-Natal Clinic At a Tertiary Health Care Centre. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2013; 3 (3): 71–5.
[16]	Office BW administration health and communication. Borena Woreda administration health and communication office annual report, Unpulished document. 2016.
[17]	Central Statistical Agency. Population Projection of Ethiopia for All Regions At Wereda Level from 2014 – 2017. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013; 3 (1): 28.
[18]	Horne R, Weinman J, Barber N, Elliott R. Concordance, adherence and compliance in medicine taking. Rep Natl Co-ord Cent NHS Serv Deliv Organ R D. 2005; 1–331.
[19]	Harding KL, Matias SL, Stewart CP, Mridha MK, Icddr UCD, Vosti SA, et al. Rang-Din Nutrition Study: Assessment of Participant Adherence to Lipid-Based Nutrient and Iron-Folic Acid Supplements among Pregnant and Lactating Women in the Context of a Study on the Effectiveness of Supplements in Bangladesh September 2014. 2014; (September).
[20]	Gebremedhin S, Samuel A, Mamo G, Moges T, Assefa T. Coverage, compliance and factors associated with utilization of iron supplementation during pregnancy in eight rural districts of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2014; 14 (607): 1–8.
[21]	Ugwu EO, Olibe AO, Obi SN, Ugwu AO. Determinants of compliance to iron supplementation among pregnant women in Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014; 17 (5): 608–12.
[22]	Lacerte P, Pradipasen M, Temcharoen P, Imamee N, Vorapongsathorn T. Determinants of Adherence to Iron/Folate Supplementation During Pregnancy in Two Provinces in Cambodia. Asia Pacific J Public Heal. 2011; 23 (3): 315–23.
[23]	Zahara TS and AM. Compliance to vitamin and mineral supplementation among pregnat women in urban and rural areas in Malaysia. 2010.
[24]	Fite MB, Roba KT, Oljira L, Tura AK, Yadeta TA. Compliance with Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (IFAS) and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub- Saharan Africa: A systematic review and metaanalysis. PLoS One. 2021; 16 (4 April): 514–22.
[25]	Taye B, Abeje G, Mekonen A. Factors associated with compliance of prenatal iron folate supplementation among women in Mecha district, Western Amhara: A cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J. 2015; 20: 1–7.
[26]	Sadore AA, Gebretsadik LA, Hussen MA. Compliance with Iron-Folate Supplement and Associated Factors among Antenatal Care Attendant Mothers in Misha District, South Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Environ Public Heal •. 2015; (ID 781973): 1–9.
[27]	Tegodan E, Tura G, Kebede A. Adherence to iron and folic acid supplements and associated factors among pregnant mothers attending anc at gulele sub-city government health centers in addis ababa, ethiopia. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2021; 15 (June): 1397–405.
[28]	Urgessa BT and Abdo ZA. Adherence to iron/folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women attending governmental health center in Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BLDE Univ J Heal Sci. 2021; 5: 145–53.
[29]	Mekonnen A, Alemnew W, Abebe Z, Demissie GD. Adherence to iron with folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health centers in simada district, northwest ethiopia: Using health belief model perspective. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2021; 15: 843–51.
[30]	Roy, Manas & Mohan, Uday & Singh, Shivendra & Kumar Singh, Vijay & Kumar Srivastava A. Socio-economic determinants of adherence to iron and folic acid tablets among rural ante-natal mothers in Lucknow, India (PDF Download Available). Natl J Community Med. 2013; 4 (386): 91.
[31]	Ogundipe O, Hoyo C, Oneko O, Manongi R, Lie RT, Daltveit AK. Factors associated with prenatal folic acid and iron supplementation among 21, 889 pregnant women in Northern Tanzania: A cross-sectional hospital-based study. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12 (481).
[32]	Kulkarni B, Christian P, LeClerq SC, Khatry SK. Determinants of compliance to antenatal micronutrient supplementation and women’s perceptions of supplement use in rural Nepal. Public Health Nutr. 2010; 13 (01): 82.
[33]	Gebreamlak B, Dadi AF, Atnafu A. High Adherence to Iron / Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Time among Antenatal and Postnatal Care Attendant Mothers in Governmental Health Centers in Akaki Kality Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hierarchical Negative Binomial Poisson Regres. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (1): 1–11.
[34]	Lutsey PL, Dawe D, Villate E, Valencia S, Lopez O. Iron supplementation compliance among pregnant women in Bicol, Philippines. Public Health Nutr. 2008; 11 (01): 76–82.
[35]	Lade R, Khot PG. Indian Journal of Maternal and Child. 2013; 15 (2): 1–7.
[36]	Seck BC, Jackson RT. Determinants of compliance with iron supplementation among pregnant women in Senegal. Public Health Nutr. 2008; 11 (06): 596–605.
[37]	Town DAR. Adherence and associated factors on iron folate supplement use among pregnat women attending antenatal care in selected health facilities of Bahir dar Town. J Pharm Life Sci WJPLS. 2017; 3 (1): 68–90.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali, Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. (2022). Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 10(2), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali; Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2022, 10(2), 24-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali, Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2022;10(2):24-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11,
  author = {Suleyiman Hassen Ali and Ziyad Ahmed Abdo},
  title = {Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {24-32},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  abstract = {Background: Iron deficiency is the leading and single nutrient deficiency in the world affecting over 30% of the world’s population particularly in developing countries. Pregnant women are at high risk of iron deficiency due to increased nutrient requirements during pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 0.4% of pregnant women take Iron supplements more than 90 days of the recommended 180 days. The factors for this low adherence are not clearly known. Objective: To assess the level of adherence and factors associated with iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal service of selected health facilities in Borena South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. About 340 pregnant women attended health centers in Borena, South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia was included in the study by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into Epi info version-7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at PResult: The overall adherence to iron folate supplement was 45.6%. Husbands educational level [AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.07-3.57], history of abortion [AOR=0.162; 95% CI: 0.050-0.53], having diseases diagnosed other than anemia [AOR=0.476; 95% CI: 0.284-0.798], taking of IFA in months [AOR=2.81; 95% CI: 1.365-5.786] and encouragement to take IFA [AOR=0.125; 95% CI: 0.037-0.418] were significantly associated with adherence to iron folate acid supplementation. Conclusion: Adherence to IFA supplement utilization was low in the study area. Provision of health education to pregnant mothers and the community on anemia and the importance of IFA during pregnancy through adequate counseling, community education, and media would increase adherence.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia
AU - Suleyiman Hassen Ali
AU - Ziyad Ahmed Abdo
Y1 - 2022/03/11
PY - 2022
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11
T2 - American Journal of Health Research
JF - American Journal of Health Research
JO - American Journal of Health Research
SP - 24
EP - 32
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8796
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11
AB - Background: Iron deficiency is the leading and single nutrient deficiency in the world affecting over 30% of the world’s population particularly in developing countries. Pregnant women are at high risk of iron deficiency due to increased nutrient requirements during pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 0.4% of pregnant women take Iron supplements more than 90 days of the recommended 180 days. The factors for this low adherence are not clearly known. Objective: To assess the level of adherence and factors associated with iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal service of selected health facilities in Borena South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. About 340 pregnant women attended health centers in Borena, South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia was included in the study by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into Epi info version-7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at PResult: The overall adherence to iron folate supplement was 45.6%. Husbands educational level [AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.07-3.57], history of abortion [AOR=0.162; 95% CI: 0.050-0.53], having diseases diagnosed other than anemia [AOR=0.476; 95% CI: 0.284-0.798], taking of IFA in months [AOR=2.81; 95% CI: 1.365-5.786] and encouragement to take IFA [AOR=0.125; 95% CI: 0.037-0.418] were significantly associated with adherence to iron folate acid supplementation. Conclusion: Adherence to IFA supplement utilization was low in the study area. Provision of health education to pregnant mothers and the community on anemia and the importance of IFA during pregnancy through adequate counseling, community education, and media would increase adherence.
VL - 10
IS - 2
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Suleyiman Hassen Ali

Department of Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition, Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Ziyad Ahmed Abdo

Department of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali, Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. (2022). Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 10(2), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali; Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2022, 10(2), 24-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Suleyiman Hassen Ali, Ziyad Ahmed Abdo. Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2022;10(2):24-32. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11,
  author = {Suleyiman Hassen Ali and Ziyad Ahmed Abdo},
  title = {Adherence to Iron-folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Borena Woreda, South Wollo, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {24-32},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20221002.11},
  abstract = {Background: Iron deficiency is the leading and single nutrient deficiency in the world affecting over 30% of the world’s population particularly in developing countries. Pregnant women are at high risk of iron deficiency due to increased nutrient requirements during pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 0.4% of pregnant women take Iron supplements more than 90 days of the recommended 180 days. The factors for this low adherence are not clearly known. Objective: To assess the level of adherence and factors associated with iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women attending antenatal service of selected health facilities in Borena South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. About 340 pregnant women attended health centers in Borena, South Wollo, Amhara region, Ethiopia was included in the study by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into Epi info version-7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at PResult: The overall adherence to iron folate supplement was 45.6%. Husbands educational level [AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.07-3.57], history of abortion [AOR=0.162; 95% CI: 0.050-0.53], having diseases diagnosed other than anemia [AOR=0.476; 95% CI: 0.284-0.798], taking of IFA in months [AOR=2.81; 95% CI: 1.365-5.786] and encouragement to take IFA [AOR=0.125; 95% CI: 0.037-0.418] were significantly associated with adherence to iron folate acid supplementation. Conclusion: Adherence to IFA supplement utilization was low in the study area. Provision of health education to pregnant mothers and the community on anemia and the importance of IFA during pregnancy through adequate counseling, community education, and media would increase adherence.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download