Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools

Adeleke Jacob Sola; Suru Whenayon Peter; Odeyemi Felix Gbenga; Aroge Sunday Kayode; Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo; Muili Tunde Kabir

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools

Adeleke Jacob Sola, Suru Whenayon Peter, Odeyemi Felix Gbenga, Aroge Sunday Kayode, Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, Muili Tunde Kabir

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 10, Issue 5)

Received: 25 March 2022 Accepted: 21 April 2022 Published: 28 September 2022

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Abstract

Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.

Published in	American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 10, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
Page(s)	180-190
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ambient Lighting, Assessment, Classroom, Conditions, Geospatial

References

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[3]	Azodo, A. P. (2017). The attitude of Engineering Students towards Engineering Drawing: A Case Study. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 6 (1), 61-74.
[4]	Barrett, P. and Zhang Y., Moffat, J., & Kobaccy, K. (2013). A Holistic, Multi-level Analysis Identifying the Impact of Classroom Design on Pupils Learning. Building and Environment, 58, 678-689.
[5]	Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) (2006), Code for Lighting, Guide A, 7^th ed., CIBSE London.
[6]	Dempsey, C., & Grossner, K. (2014). What are the Differences between GIS and Geospatial GIS Lounge 14 (2014).
[7]	Heschong, L. (1999). Day Lighting in Schools: An Investigation into the Relationship between Daylighting and Human Performance. Submitted by the Heschong Mahone Group to pacific Gas and Electric on behalf of the California Board for Energy Efficiency Third Party Program.
[8]	Jago, E., & Tanner, K. (1999). Influence of the School Facility on Student Achievement. (The University of Georgia).
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[10]	Kevan, S. M., & Howes, J, D. (1980). Climatic Conditions in Classrooms Educational Review, 32 (3), 281-292.
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[14]	Mangkuto, R, A., Kurian, K. A., Azizah, D. N., Atmodipoero, R. T., & Soelami, F. N. (2017). Determination of Discomfort Glare Criteria for Daylight Space in Indonesia. Solar Energy, 149, 151-163.
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[17]	Play, k A. S. (2010). Awareness of Daylighting Student Learning on Student Learning in an Educational Facility.
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[20]	WinterBotton, M., & Wilkins, A. (2009). Lighting and Discomfort in the Classroom. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29 (1), 63-75.
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Adeleke Jacob Sola, Suru Whenayon Peter, Odeyemi Felix Gbenga, Aroge Sunday Kayode, Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. (2022). Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 10(5), 180-190. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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ACS Style

Adeleke Jacob Sola; Suru Whenayon Peter; Odeyemi Felix Gbenga; Aroge Sunday Kayode; Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2022, 10(5), 180-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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AMA Style

Adeleke Jacob Sola, Suru Whenayon Peter, Odeyemi Felix Gbenga, Aroge Sunday Kayode, Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. Am J Civ Eng. 2022;10(5):180-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12,
  author = {Adeleke Jacob Sola and Suru Whenayon Peter and Odeyemi Felix Gbenga and Aroge Sunday Kayode and Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo and Muili Tunde Kabir},
  title = {Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {180-190},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20221005.12},
  abstract = {Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools
AU  - Adeleke Jacob Sola
AU  - Suru Whenayon Peter
AU  - Odeyemi Felix Gbenga
AU  - Aroge Sunday Kayode
AU  - Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo
AU  - Muili Tunde Kabir
Y1  - 2022/09/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 180
EP  - 190
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
AB  - Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Adeleke Jacob Sola

Department of Building Technology, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria
Suru Whenayon Peter

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria
Odeyemi Felix Gbenga

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria
Aroge Sunday Kayode

Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria
Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo

Department of Building Technology, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria
Muili Tunde Kabir

Department of Building Technology, School of Environmental Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Ede, Nigeria

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Adeleke Jacob Sola, Suru Whenayon Peter, Odeyemi Felix Gbenga, Aroge Sunday Kayode, Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. (2022). Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 10(5), 180-190. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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ACS Style

Adeleke Jacob Sola; Suru Whenayon Peter; Odeyemi Felix Gbenga; Aroge Sunday Kayode; Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2022, 10(5), 180-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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AMA Style

Adeleke Jacob Sola, Suru Whenayon Peter, Odeyemi Felix Gbenga, Aroge Sunday Kayode, Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo, et al. Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools. Am J Civ Eng. 2022;10(5):180-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12,
  author = {Adeleke Jacob Sola and Suru Whenayon Peter and Odeyemi Felix Gbenga and Aroge Sunday Kayode and Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo and Muili Tunde Kabir},
  title = {Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {180-190},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20221005.12},
  abstract = {Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geospatial Assessment of Ambient Lighting Condition of Classroom Environment in Schools
AU  - Adeleke Jacob Sola
AU  - Suru Whenayon Peter
AU  - Odeyemi Felix Gbenga
AU  - Aroge Sunday Kayode
AU  - Oyelade Zainab Motunrayo
AU  - Muili Tunde Kabir
Y1  - 2022/09/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 180
EP  - 190
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221005.12
AB  - Ambient lighting in classrooms is an integral component that enhances the optimal performance of all academic activities in schools. This study examined the existing ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms using day lighting and combination of day and artificial lighting; assesses the factors influencing the ambient lighting condition and explores the ways of enhancing the ambient lighting condition of selected classrooms environment in the study area with a view of improving the lighting conditions of the classroom environment in the study area. Data were obtained for the study using a quantitative approach. The study makes use of NTS-350 infrared light total stations to locate points and Extech LT300 light meter for the measurement ambient lighting condition of geospatial marked points in relation to seating arrangement for two purposively selected classrooms at intervals of 8-10 am, 10-12 pm, 12-2 pm, 2-4 pm, 4-6 pm, respectively for 3-days during the dry season period (October-December) under different external conditions. The subjective approach involved administering of seventy-one (71) questionnaires to randomly selected students and lecturers who have direct daily contact with the classroom environment. Data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, simple percentage, standard mean average and RII. The result of the 3-days average ambient conditions of the marked points at periodic intervals shows that the average ambient lighting values of the classroom were grossly insufficient, with Quantity Surveying hall having average illuminance values of (21, 32; 54, 75; 59, 86; 52, 85 and 33, 64 lux) and Akagun Hall (74, 106; 172, 222; 641, 686; 263, 295 and 140, 177 lux) respectively. Findings also show that the study ranked high non-adherence strictly to micro factors, poorly designed classrooms, bad artificial lighting conditions and controls. The study suggested that passive design principles to be strictly adhered to, building plans to accommodate micro factors, routine maintenance of installed lamps, Painting/coating of ceilings and wall finishes using reflective material, and increased number of lighting facilities in the classroom environment.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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