Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature

Prince Sellase Gameli; Grant Fleming; Marjanii Walton; Tom Gluodenis

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature

Prince Sellase Gameli, Grant Fleming, Marjanii Walton, Tom Gluodenis

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 5)

Received: 5 September 2022 Accepted: 26 September 2022 Published: 11 October 2022

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Abstract

Low-level chronic exposure to heavy metals can go undetected for years accumulating in the human body which in turn can impact virtually any organ system. Lead is of particular concern given its prevalence, toxicological effects at low concentrations, and persistence in the body. In order to adequately regulate lead concentrations in food, water, air and consumer products, it is important to understand the relevant toxicodynamics and minimum risk levels at which deleterious effects are observed. An excellent resource is the lead toxicological profile published by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews published literature that describes human health effects, toxicokinetics, chemical and physical properties, and potential for human exposure. Since the release of that monograph in August of 2020, over 200 additional research papers have been published on the impact of lead exposure as it pertains to genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurological and cardiovascular effects to name a few. The purpose of this report is to review the published research since the release of the last ATSDR lead toxicology profile in order to present the most current studies relative to lead toxicodynamics, associated concentration levels, and potential areas for continuing research.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
Page(s)	135-145
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead, Heavy Metals, Toxicity, Toxicodynamics, Review

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Prince Sellase Gameli, Grant Fleming, Marjanii Walton, Tom Gluodenis. (2022). Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 10(5), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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Prince Sellase Gameli; Grant Fleming; Marjanii Walton; Tom Gluodenis. Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2022, 10(5), 135-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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Prince Sellase Gameli, Grant Fleming, Marjanii Walton, Tom Gluodenis. Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2022;10(5):135-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12,
  author = {Prince Sellase Gameli and Grant Fleming and Marjanii Walton and Tom Gluodenis},
  title = {Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {135-145},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  abstract = {Low-level chronic exposure to heavy metals can go undetected for years accumulating in the human body which in turn can impact virtually any organ system. Lead is of particular concern given its prevalence, toxicological effects at low concentrations, and persistence in the body. In order to adequately regulate lead concentrations in food, water, air and consumer products, it is important to understand the relevant toxicodynamics and minimum risk levels at which deleterious effects are observed. An excellent resource is the lead toxicological profile published by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews published literature that describes human health effects, toxicokinetics, chemical and physical properties, and potential for human exposure. Since the release of that monograph in August of 2020, over 200 additional research papers have been published on the impact of lead exposure as it pertains to genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurological and cardiovascular effects to name a few. The purpose of this report is to review the published research since the release of the last ATSDR lead toxicology profile in order to present the most current studies relative to lead toxicodynamics, associated concentration levels, and potential areas for continuing research.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature
AU  - Prince Sellase Gameli
AU  - Grant Fleming
AU  - Marjanii Walton
AU  - Tom Gluodenis
Y1  - 2022/10/11
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
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EP  - 145
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
AB  - Low-level chronic exposure to heavy metals can go undetected for years accumulating in the human body which in turn can impact virtually any organ system. Lead is of particular concern given its prevalence, toxicological effects at low concentrations, and persistence in the body. In order to adequately regulate lead concentrations in food, water, air and consumer products, it is important to understand the relevant toxicodynamics and minimum risk levels at which deleterious effects are observed. An excellent resource is the lead toxicological profile published by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews published literature that describes human health effects, toxicokinetics, chemical and physical properties, and potential for human exposure. Since the release of that monograph in August of 2020, over 200 additional research papers have been published on the impact of lead exposure as it pertains to genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurological and cardiovascular effects to name a few. The purpose of this report is to review the published research since the release of the last ATSDR lead toxicology profile in order to present the most current studies relative to lead toxicodynamics, associated concentration levels, and potential areas for continuing research.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Prince Sellase Gameli

Institute of Forensic Sciences, National Forensic Sciences University, Gujarat, India
Grant Fleming

2Department of Chemistry and Physics, Lincoln University of Pennsylvania, Lincoln University, PA, USA
Marjanii Walton

2Department of Chemistry and Physics, Lincoln University of Pennsylvania, Lincoln University, PA, USA
Tom Gluodenis

2Department of Chemistry and Physics, Lincoln University of Pennsylvania, Lincoln University, PA, USA

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Prince Sellase Gameli, Grant Fleming, Marjanii Walton, Tom Gluodenis. (2022). Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 10(5), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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Prince Sellase Gameli; Grant Fleming; Marjanii Walton; Tom Gluodenis. Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2022, 10(5), 135-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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AMA Style

Prince Sellase Gameli, Grant Fleming, Marjanii Walton, Tom Gluodenis. Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2022;10(5):135-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12,
  author = {Prince Sellase Gameli and Grant Fleming and Marjanii Walton and Tom Gluodenis},
  title = {Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {135-145},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20221005.12},
  abstract = {Low-level chronic exposure to heavy metals can go undetected for years accumulating in the human body which in turn can impact virtually any organ system. Lead is of particular concern given its prevalence, toxicological effects at low concentrations, and persistence in the body. In order to adequately regulate lead concentrations in food, water, air and consumer products, it is important to understand the relevant toxicodynamics and minimum risk levels at which deleterious effects are observed. An excellent resource is the lead toxicological profile published by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews published literature that describes human health effects, toxicokinetics, chemical and physical properties, and potential for human exposure. Since the release of that monograph in August of 2020, over 200 additional research papers have been published on the impact of lead exposure as it pertains to genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurological and cardiovascular effects to name a few. The purpose of this report is to review the published research since the release of the last ATSDR lead toxicology profile in order to present the most current studies relative to lead toxicodynamics, associated concentration levels, and potential areas for continuing research.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Health Effects from Exposure to Lead: A Review of the Current Literature
AU  - Prince Sellase Gameli
AU  - Grant Fleming
AU  - Marjanii Walton
AU  - Tom Gluodenis
Y1  - 2022/10/11
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 135
EP  - 145
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20221005.12
AB  - Low-level chronic exposure to heavy metals can go undetected for years accumulating in the human body which in turn can impact virtually any organ system. Lead is of particular concern given its prevalence, toxicological effects at low concentrations, and persistence in the body. In order to adequately regulate lead concentrations in food, water, air and consumer products, it is important to understand the relevant toxicodynamics and minimum risk levels at which deleterious effects are observed. An excellent resource is the lead toxicological profile published by the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews published literature that describes human health effects, toxicokinetics, chemical and physical properties, and potential for human exposure. Since the release of that monograph in August of 2020, over 200 additional research papers have been published on the impact of lead exposure as it pertains to genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurological and cardiovascular effects to name a few. The purpose of this report is to review the published research since the release of the last ATSDR lead toxicology profile in order to present the most current studies relative to lead toxicodynamics, associated concentration levels, and potential areas for continuing research.
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
ER  -

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